Txoj kev kev tiv thaiv kom cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv xam

Ubiquitous xam seb puas tsimnyog tau nkaus tshiab cov lus nug uas tsis muaj ib tug tau ua ntej nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov niaj hnub siv. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog tsim nyog los paub yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntawv no. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm txoj kev siv cov computers tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug hauv zos computer noj, tab sis kuj raws li ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tes hauj lwm ntawm ntshav. Piv txwv li, cov lus qhia tiv thaiv txoj kev tsis cob cog rua lub computer network ntawm tus tswv muaj kev txhawj xeeb mus rau ib tug npaum li cas lesser twg thaum txuas ob peb computers nyob rau hauv ib qho network. Nws yog pom tseeb tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg hauv qab no. Txawm tias qhov no coj ib co sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv txoj kev tseem tseem ceeb qub tswvyim nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg yog raws li nyob rau hauv peb pib kawm: hardware, software thiab kev sib txuas lus. Incidentally, lub tom kawg yog muaj tseeb ob leeg rau nyob cov neeg (tham), thiab rau cov kev pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv packets intercomputer.

Software txoj kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv yog heev yooj yim - nws yog ib tug system ntawm kev nkag tau tswj raws li nyob rau hauv passwords, cov npe ntawm cov kev tso cai cov neeg siv (IP chaw nyob thiab lwm yam identifiers), anti-virus daim ntaub ntawv, ntaub ntawv coding thiab lwm tus neeg. Rau cov end-user sis raug zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov hom ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tshuab, rau feem ntau cov to taub thiab yooj yim, tab sis lawv cov hauj lwm zoo yuav tsum nco ntsoov yuav khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov kom theem. Cov theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv los siv rau hauv software, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm lawv seeming perfection yog tsis tag. Txaus mus ntsib nrog rau cov daim ntawv loj loj ntawm tshiab yuav tsum tau ntsia mus tas li kom muaj kev tiv thaiv mus txog hnub. Lub disadvantage ntawm no mus kom ze rau kev daws qhov teeb meem - nws yog ib tug mob software uas twb tsis txawv ntev simplicity. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tej zaum nws yog tau qeeb ntaub ntawv raug tiv thaiv.

Lub software ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv yog conditionally muab faib mus rau hauv:

- kev tiv thaiv ntawm tsis tau tso cai nkag tau ;

- xauv cov tsab ntawv khiav dej num;

- backup ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb;

- tsom xam ntawm lub theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv;

- kev txwv ntawm cov neeg siv-qhua txuj.

Kho vajtse ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv los siv ib tug txawv kiag li mus kom ze rau qhov teeb meem. Cov cuab zoo yog ceev thiab siab ntseeg. Piv txwv li, nws tso cai rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib daim ntawv teev cov neeg uas muaj cai nkag tau mus rau lub ntaus ntawv lim tawm lub rooj vag. Nws kuj nce siv tshwj xeeb kho vajtse dongles, tsuas muaj kev pab los ntawm cov uas muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm nrog tiv thaiv ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus tiv thaiv txhob txwm tsis tau tso cai siv, cov kev kho vajtse feem ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv nce tej yam uas hem cov ntaub ntawv kev ncaj ncees. Piv txwv li, nrog rau cov tsim nyog hais txog qhov system yuav txiav kom cov hais tias cov ntaub ntawv redundancy. Kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv fais fab mov, cov yuav txhawb ib tug tib neeg kev hem thawj rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, yooj yim offset los ntawm cov teeb meem ceeb toom qhov chaw thiab thiaj li nyob. Txawm tias tus kho vajtse muab tsis tsawg txhim khu kev qha dua lub software, ib co nta tsis tsuas pub siv lawv los ua ib tug kiag li txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv system.

Cov tseem pheej xaiv yog ib kev cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv, combining ob software thiab kho vajtse los xyuas kom meej kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom meej rau li cas raws nraim cov chav kawm ntawv yog ib tug tiv mechanism. Piv txwv li, scanners, meej paub tus neeg siv, yuav tsis khiav lag luam yog tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm software, txawm li cas los, yog tseem zoo kho vajtse. kev qhia kom paub system raws li passwords kuj nce siv ib tug tov uas, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus ncaj dej lo lus zais yuav tsum tau xa kabke code rau kev ntaus ntawv.

Nws yog pom zoo kom siv txoj kev daws teeb meem raws li ib tug ntau, ntau yam thiab saj zawg zog teeb.