Txuas immunosorbent tshuaj ntsuam: daim ntawv thov thiab nta

Txuas immunosorbent tshuaj ntsuam - kuaj txoj kev tshawb no, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov cim ntawm ceg "antigen-antibody" nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb enzymatic ntawv uas qhia, los ntawm kev hloov cov xim ntawm lub substrate. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm no tsom xam - txiav txim ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau yam khoom ntawm enzymatic tshua nyob rau hauv lub xeem qauv.

Rau kom paub tias ntawm antigens thiab antibodies heterogeneous enzyme immunoassay yog siv, txij li thaum nws tus txheej txheem yog ib qho yooj yim cais lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ncua ib co ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv cov khoom theem.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia nram qab no zoo ntawm no laboratory kawm ntawv:

• siab rhiab heev, uas yuav ntes txawm ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm molecules ntawm cov tshuaj;

• nqa tawm no tsom xam yuav siv ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus naj npawb ntawm cov kev xeem cov khoom;

• tau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm mus kom tag nrho cov cheebtsam uas yuav tsum tau rau kev tsom xam;

• Ib qho yooj yim mus ua;

• nyob rau ntawm instrumental thiab pom tau qhov sib tau;

• immunosorbent tshuaj ntsuam yog siv nyob rau hauv txhua theem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv;

• kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi khoom siv uas yog siv rau kev kuaj pom.

Cov zoo ua nws kim heev kev siv ntawm IFA nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj, xws li, rau qhov mob ntawm cov kab mob.

Feem ntau txoj kev rau immobilizing tshuaj thiab antigens yog ib qho adsorption cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thaum lub cais molecules uas txuas mus rau ib tug khoom theem (vim ionic los yog hydrophobic kev sib tshuam los yog los ntawm tsim ntawm hydrogen bonds).

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias lub enzyme immunoassay yog siv nyob rau hauv ob tus neeg:

• qhia hais tias yuav antigens ntawm pathogens ntawm ntau yam kab mob;

• seb puas muaj tus muaj cov tshuaj mus rau lub antigen ntawm pathological kab mob (nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ELISA yuav ntes yuav luag txhua qhov chaw mos kab mob).

Tshwj xeeb polystyrene phaj siv los mus nqa tawm no serodiagnosis. Nws muaj 96 qhov ntawm lub sab ntawm adsorbed antigen. Thaum nkag rau hauv lub ntsiav tshuaj assayed cell antigen tshuaj txuas tsim nyog. Lub tom ntej tas li ntawd ntawm ib tug uas sau tias antibody mus rau lub qhov dej ntawm tib neeg immunoglobulins ncua kev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv cov nram no kev kho mob ntshiab chromogen (zas xim) sib txawv coloring substrate (nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub sib nug xov ceg "antigen-antibody"). Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias cov xim siv yog ncaj qha proportional rau tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj.

ELISA Analysis tas ntsuas tus kho qhov muag ceev ntawm lub kua nyob rau hauv lub qhov dej. Yog li siv tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm thiab stereotyped qauv uas pab suav cov antibody concentration. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias txhua txhua xeem system rau kev no tsom xam nws muaj nws qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txheej txheem ntsuas (qhov no yog feem ntau yog tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim, uas yog cev tawm).

Siv ELISA kuaj syphilis, kis kab mob siab thiab HIV, raws li zoo raws li pom nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia, herpes (ntau hom). Qhov no tsom xam kuj yuav pab tau txiav txim seb tus qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones rau ntes cancer npiv zas.

Qhov twg yuav mus soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv Moscow? Niaj hnub no, muaj ib tug ntau ntawm tshwj xeeb lub chaw soj nstuam, uas muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov serological kev ntsuam xyuas. Rau cov lus qhia thov sab laj ib tug kws kho mob ntawm lub zos lub tsev kho mob (private los yog kev, koj dveryaete). Nrog rau cov kev kuaj tau kuj yuav tsum mus rau tus kws kho mob. Thiab mloog nws cov lus nyob rau qhov yuav tsum tau rau tej kev kho mob.