Yuav ua li cas yog ib lub dav hlau engine?

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog dab tsi yog ib tug dav hlau engine thiab dab tsi yog nws tseem ceeb rau niaj hnub aviation. Txij thaum nws cov tsos rau lub ntiaj teb txiv neej rushes nws ntsia rau saum ntuj. Muaj ib co zoo kawg yooj yim noog yuj nyob rau hauv lub updrafts sov huab cua! Thiab nws tsis yog tsuas yog me me khoom, tab sis txawm xws loj li pelicans, cranes thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Npaj siab mus qog lawv siv cov tswv yim qub aircraft, raws li nyob rau hauv lub npag zog ntawm tus tsav, yog hais tias lawv ua tau kom ib yam ntawm cov "sib ntaus", nws yog tseem nyob rau hauv lub loj cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus yuav tsis mus - heev unreliable twb siv, yuam rau tus neeg ntau ntau txwv tsis pub, lawv siv.

Tom ntej no tuaj nrog combustion engine thiab kiv cua motors. Lawv zoo li ntawd hais tias ib tug niaj hnub dav hlau engine thiab ib tug ntsia hlau-engine (kiv cua) tseem coexist nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, muaj undergone ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev hloov kho.

Yuav ua li cas puas tau lub dav hlau engine

Feem ntau ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem, lub invention ntawm uas yog ntaus nqi mus rau tus txiv neej, nws twb ua tau peeped los ntawm cov xwm. Piv txwv li, lub creation ntawm lub glider twb preceded by soj ntawm cov sib ntaus ntawm cov noog ya saum ntuj. Streamlined daim ntawv ntawm fishes thiab noog kuj brilliantly sib cav, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev txhais tau tias. Ib tug zoo xws li cov dab neeg no tsis yog kev puas tsuaj xwb thiab lub dav hlau engine. Qhov no txoj ntsiab cai ntawm cov lus tsa suab siv ntau marine tsiaj - pos i hws, squid, jellyfish, thiab lwm yam Nyob rau xws engine qhia Ziolkowski .. Txawm ntau - nws yog ib tug theoretical lub hauv paus rau lub peev xwm los tsim ib qho kev airship rau hauv lub davhlau nyob rau hauv lub interplanetary qhov chaw.

Reactive zog underlies lub foob pob ua ntxaij xyaw. Tab sis lub cuaj luaj twb paub nyob rau hauv ancient Tuam Tshoj. Peb yuav hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim "nyob rau hauv cov huab cua" dav hlau engine, tsuas yuav tsum tau mus saib nws, thiab coj nyob rau hauv technology.

Lub cev muaj zog cov qauv thiab ua hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus

Lub hauv paus ntawm tej dav hlau engine chamber lus dag nyob rau hauv ib tug tawm los xaus yeeb nkab-ntsawb. Hauv lub chamber nkag roj sib tov ignites muaj, ua ib tug high-kub roj. Txij li thaum lub siab yog faib uniformly nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia, nias rau ntawm phab ntsa, cov roj yuav tawm hauv lub chamber tsuas yog los ntawm cov horn taw qhia kom paub nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab ntawm yam kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog. Qhov no tsim ib tug tsav tsheb quab yuam. Hais tias nws yog yooj yim kom to taub nrog ib qho piv txwv: ib tug txiv neej sawv ntawm cov dej khov, nqa hnyav seem. Tab sis yuav tsum tau nws muab pov pov tseg nyob rau hauv lub sab raws li nws yuav leeb lub zog thiab swb nyob rau dej khov rau qhov opposite sab ntawm lub yob. Qhov txawv nyob rau hauv lub davhlau ntau yam ntawm seem thiab tib neeg xaav vim tsuas rau lawv cov luj, cov tib rog yog lawv tus kheej, thiab lub vectors yog opposite. Yog nqus tau ib tug analogy nrog dav hlau engine: ib tug txiv neej - ib tug ya tshuab thiab seem - superheated roj los ntawm lub tswb chamber.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm nws simplicity, qhov no tswvyim muaj ob peb tseem ceeb tsis zoo - loj noj roj thiab ib tug zoo siab rau lub chamber phab ntsa. Yuav kom txo tau cov kev noj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntsiab yog siv: raws li cov roj siv liquefied gas thiab ib tug oxidant, uas hloov lawv lub cev lub xeev, ntxiv nyiam tshaj kua roj; lwm cov kev xaiv - oxidizable hmoov es tsis txhob kua ntau ntau.

Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj no yog ib tug propulsive dav hlau engine. Nws yog ib tug los ntawm-chamber nrog inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob (kuj hais lus - ib tug kheej kheej nrog ib tug funnel). Thaum tsiv lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub siab chamber ntog ambient cua yog rhuab thiab compressed. Muab cov roj sib tov yog cig thiab hais tias compressed cua ntxiv kub. Ntxiv mus, nws pom los ntawm cov funnel thiab generates ib tug mem tes raws li nyob rau hauv cov pa dav hlau engine. Nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim, cov roj yog ib tug complementary caij, ces nws cov nqi tshuam qis. Nws yog no hom ntawm engine siv nyob rau hauv aircraft, qhov chaw uas koj yuav saib tau lub turbine hniav, cov huab cua nyob rau hauv lub pressurizing chamber.