Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov nyuaj nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm biologists

Tsiaj txhu uas yuav pom tsuas muaj ib tshuab kuaj kab mob - yog yooj yim. Lawv tsim lawv Subkingdom muaj txog li 40 ths. Hom. Thiab txawm tias lawv muaj pes tsawg yog li ntawd loj, tus zaum tau ntsib nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub protists xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th tsaug rau lub inventor ntawm lub tshuab kuaj kab los ntawm Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav kawm txog lawv morphology, mus nrhiav tau tawm li cas lawv txawv thiab zoo li cas yog ib qho nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov nyuaj.

Biology ntawm lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib leeg-celled tsiaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm

Raws li cov taxonomy ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm eukaryotic kab mob muaj xws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv sarkodovyh, spore, ciliates, thiab flagellates. Repopulating lub ecological niches nyob rau hauv hydro- thiab lithosphere, lawv muaj peev xwm ua ntau hom khoom noj khoom haus. Ntawm cov yooj yim yog autotrophs, e.g. euglena ntsuab, heterotrophs - ciliates, foraminifery thiab radiolarians, cab xws li Plasmodium falciparum los yog dysenteric ameba.

Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov khoom noj tseem ceeb rau multicellular tsiaj, coelenterates, arthropods, ntses. Ib qho yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv tag nrho cov trophic saw, ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tau txais kev pab los yog producers ntawm qhov kev txiav txim 1. Cia saib dab tsi yog ib qho nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov nyuaj.

A cell li ib lub cev

protists lub cev muaj ib zaug xwb cell, thiab, tab sis yog tsis muaj kabmob, ntaub so ntswg thiab systems, txawm li cas los, yog tau siab ua lub zog ntawm kev ua pa, feem, kev noj haus, thiab tu tub tu kiv.

Externally, tus tsiaj yog heev txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam, uas yog txuam nrog rau cov tshwm sim ntawm divergence. Nws cia li sawv raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tej yam ntuj tso xaiv thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic variation. Txawm li cas los, raws li feem ntau kws tshawb fawb, tag nrho cov tib-celled yog muab tau los ntawm ib tug thaum ub thiab tu noob pab pawg neeg ntawm eukaryotic hlwb. Qhov no piav txog cov kev zoo sib thooj nyob rau hauv lawv cov morphological kev npaj khomob. Xav txog dab tsi yog ib qho nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj qauv, nthuav dav. Piv txwv li, dej tsis qab ntsev inhabitants: Amoeba Proteus, ciliate-khau, euglena ntsuab - muaj contractile vacuoles. Lawv tsis tseg emit tshaj dej thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob tus tsiaj los ntawm extinction los tswj cov osmotic siab ntawm cov kua hauv lub cev.

Digestive vacuoles kuj muaj ib tug zoo qauv, cleaving organic tshuaj. Tus qauv ntawm lub hlwb xws li cov Golgi apparatus, mitochondria thiab lysosomes. Cov piv txwv qhia tias nyob rau hauv kev yog qhov nyuaj qauv.

Hoob no yog yus muaj los ntawm flagellates zoo xws li cov ciliates thiab amoeba intracellular qauv. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg nws muaj views uas muaj chloroplasts, xws li euglena ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb, xws protozoa muaj peev xwm ntawm photosynthesis - autotrophic txoj kev noj cov nroj tsuag.

cell daim nyias nyias

Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau ntshai li lub kauj, uas yog ib qho nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj qauv. Lub membrane yog muaj li ntawm lipid thiab protein molecules thiab kom cov thauj ntawm tshuaj, thiab saum toj no nws yog nyob glycocalyx. Nws muaj lub taw cov nqaijrog lub luag hauj lwm rau razdrazhitelnost.Chtoby lub cev muaj ib qho zoo lawm, tsim pellicle, thaum sarkodovyh - tuab phab ntsa txheej cytoplasm. Nyob rau hauv guinea rhizopods membrane sab saum toj yog them nrog ib tug dab dej uas ua ib tug yuav txhawb tau muaj nuj nqi.

Txawm tias tus neeg sab nraud sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob no vim txhia rau lub cheeb tsam, lawv cellular theem ntawm cov koom haum - ib kauj uas yog ib qho nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov nyuaj.