Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug raug medieval monastery? Nto moo Orthodox churches

Monuments ntawm architecture, piv txwv ntawm zoo kawg li paintings, murals, teev ntaub ntawv keeb kwm - tag nrho cov no medieval monastery. Cov neeg uas xav mus kov lub yav dhau los thiab kawm txog tus txheej xwm ntawm bygone hnub, yuav tsum pib taug txoj kev mus lawv yog mus tshawb ancient tuam tsev, raws li lawv nco qab tias ho ntau tshaj keeb kwm page.

Kev cai thiab economic chaw ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog

Nyob rau hauv lub Tsaus Hnub nyoog pib mus nce momentum monastic commune. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm lawv yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Western teb chaws Europe. Lub progenitor ntawm no tsab ntawv tsa suab yuav pom tau tias raws li Benedikta Nursiyskogo. Qhov loj tshaj plaws medieval monastery ntawm lub sij hawm - nyob rau hauv lub monastery ntawm Montecassino. Nws yog ib lub ntiaj teb nrog nws cov kev cai, nyob rau hauv uas txhua tus mej zeej ntawm lub commune yuav tsum tau nqis peev lawv pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug ntau ua.

Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub medieval monastery yog ib tug loj complex ntawm vaj tse. Nws muaj cell cov tsev qiv ntawv, noj mov halls, lub koom txoos thiab ua liaj ua teb vaj tse. Cov yav tas muaj xws li barns, warehouses, Certificate rau cov tsiaj.

Thaum lub sij hawm, lub monasteries tau ua lub ntsiab chaw ntawm concentration ntawm cov kab lis kev cai thiab kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog. Muaj ib tug chronology ntawm cov txheej xwm, sib cav tswv yim los xij, soj ntsuam cov achievements ntawm science. Yuav kom tsim thiab txhim kho xws tej lus qhia, philosophy, lej, astronomy, tshuaj.

Tag nrho cov zog ua hauj lwm lub cev muab novices, peasants thiab zoo tib yam neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub monastery. Tej kev sib hais haum muaj zoo tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cia thiab txuam nrog. Tsev qiv ntawv twb tau sau nrog cov phau ntawv tshiab thiab qub tshooj tas li sau dua tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov monks tus kheej twb ntaub ntawv keeb kwm.

Keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox monasteries

Lavxias teb sab medieval monasteries nyob npaum li cas tom qab nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Chiv leeb monks nyob sib nrug nyob rau hauv deserted qhov chaw. Tab sis cov ntseeg Vajtswv sai sai kis mus rau lub masses, li ntawd, nyob ruaj ruaj tsev teev ntuj los ua tsim nyog. Pib los ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th mus rau lub reign ntawm Peter Kuv cai lub thoob plaws siv ntawm lub tuam tsev. Lawv twb yuav luag nyob rau hauv txhua txhua lub zos, thiab cov loj loj monasteries tau ua rau hauv lub zos los yog nyob rau hauv tej chaw dawb huv.

Peter kuv siv ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj kho kom zoo, uas yog txuas ntxiv los ntawm nws cov successors. Zoo tib yam neeg tsis zoo dab tsi tshiab kev zam ntawm qhov Western kev lig kev cai. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Catherine II resumed kev siv ntawm Orthodox monasteries.

Feem ntau ntawm cov chaw ntawm kev teev tiam tsis los ua ib tug qhov chaw ntawm pilgrimage rau cov ntseeg, tab sis ib txhia Orthodox churches paub thoob ntiaj teb.

txuj ci tseem ceeb mirotocheniya

Lub shores ntawm lub Great dej thiab faib mus rau tus dej nws Mirozhka. Nws yog ntawm no tias ntau ntau xyoo dhau los muaj ib tug Pskov Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Mirozhsky.

Qhov chaw Lub tsev teev ntuj ua nws tiv thaiv los ntawm heev raids. Tag nrho cov blows nws tau txais nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw rau nws tus kheej. Qhov looting, hluav taws kub caum monastery rau centuries. Thiab nrog tag nrho cov no nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yeej tsis hlua phab ntsa. Ceeb yog qhov tseeb hais tias, txawm tag nrho cov teeb meem, nws fwm frescoes uas tseem qhuas rau lawv kev zoo nkauj.

Muaj ntau centuries Mirozhsky monastery tsev ib tug priceless miraculous icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv. Nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua nws los ua nto moo txuj ci tseem ceeb mirotocheniya. Tom qab ntawd nws paib kho txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Tus sau yog muab cia rau hauv cov tsev qiv ntawv ntawm lub monastery, cov ntaub ntawv tau pom. Nws yog hnub tim 1595 xyoo rau lub neej tshiab nimno daim ntawv qhia hnub. Nws muaj cov keeb kwm ntawm lub miraculous haus-streaming icon. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv: "Los ntawm lub qhov muag-Ntshiab kua muag ntws raws li ib tug kwj."

ntawm sab ntsuj plig cuab yeej cuab tam

Ib tug ob peb xyoos dhau los Đurđevi stupovi lom nws lub hnub yug. Thiab nws tau yug los ntau li ntau, thiab yim centuries dhau los. Pawg ntseeg no yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj nyob rau hauv lub Montenegrin Orthodox av.

Lub monastery tej ntau tragic hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm nws keeb kwm ntev nws twb puas los ntawm hluav taws 5 lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv lub kawg, cov monks tshuav qhov chaw.

Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm ntawm medieval monastery yog nyob rau hauv desolation. Tsuas yog nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua pib ib qhov project rau lub reconstruction ntawm lub keeb kwm kwv. Rov qab tsis tau tsuas yog architecture, tab sis kuj mus rau lub monastic lub neej.

Thaum lub monastery muaj yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej. Nws yog tau mus pom tawg tsam ntawm tseem muaj sia nyob tsev thiab artifacts. Tam sim no Đurđevi stupovi nyob ib lub neej tiag tiag. Tuav qhov sib hlub sib txhawb cov txheej xwm thiab cov nqi rau cov kev loj hlob ntawm no monument ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Yav tag los rau tam sim no

Niaj hnub no Orthodox monasteries mus txuas ntxiv nws ua si. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias keeb kwm tau dhau rau ob peb txhiab xyoo, lawv tseem ua neej nyob los lub qub kev txiav txim, thiab tsis txhob nrhiav ua kom hloov dab tsi.

Main ua si - Cov muaj peev xwm txij nkawm kev tswj thiab kev pab cuam rau tus Tswv. Lub monks sim to taub lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv raws li phau Vajlugkub thiab qhia rau lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv kev lawv qhia hais tias cov nyiaj thiab lub hwj chim - yog dua. Txawm yog tsis muaj lawv nws yog ua tau rau nyob thiab yuav tsum tau kiag li zoo siab.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub koom txoos, monasteries yog tsis tsim nyog, tsis tau cov neeg zoo siab hlo mus saib cov monks. Renouncing tag nrho cov worldly yam, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv txais ib qho khoom plig - muaj peev xwm los kho tus kab mob los yog los pab lo lus.