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Yuav ua li cas yog lub Reformation? Tsim ib tug tshiab lub ntiaj teb no

Lub Koom Txoos Catholic nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog yog ib tug ntawm cov richest tycoons nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Nws txhob yog enormous, txawm tus huab tais yuav tsum tau mloog cov Pope. Thiab King Henry txawm muaj los lawv muaj lawv tus kheej lub tsev teev ntuj, yuav tau tshem ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev nom kev tswv tus ntawm lub siab Catholic npis sov. Tab sis qhov tseeb reformation ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj - nws tsis yog lub creation ntawm ib tug thoob teb chaws tswj denominations nyob rau hauv ces. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ntau tshaj ib tug ntawm sab ntsuj plig tshaj nom tswv. Yuav ua li cas yog lub Reformation?

Dissatisfaction nrog cov coj noj coj thiab cov qhuas ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic pib nyob rau hauv lub lig 14th caug xyoo. Yan Gus tuaj nyob rau hauv tus ntawm tej hauj lwm Englishman Dzhona Viklifa. Nws tshaj tawm hais tias yuav tsum muaj cov kev nyeem ntawv tus Vaj Lug Kub nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej cov lus thiab nws cov self-txhais. Thaum lub sij hawm no, rau cov uas ib leeg yuav tsum raug mus rau ib tug saib xyuas ntawm heresy. Txawm li cas los, lub zog Yana Gusa twb swb lawm, nws twb txim thiab tua pov tseg. Lus dab neeg muaj nws hais tias thaum lub sij hawm burning nyob rau ceg txheem ntseeg, nws kwv yees tshwm sim los ntawm ib puas xyoo Martina Lyutera, uas nws endeavors yog kev vam meej. Tab sis, thaum nws tseem tsis tau lub sij hawm no: kev hloov, thiab lub Koom Txoos Catholic nyob ib tug kuj nyob ntsiag to txawm rau ib tiam.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Reformation? Nws lus txhais tau tias "hloov" nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no meant sib tham thiab hloov cov qhuas thiab dogmas ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic. Tab sis tsis pub dhau ib tug inert lub koom haum nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nws yog tsis yooj yim sua, uas provoked qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm European Protestantism. Reformation yeej pib nyob rau hauv 1517 thaum Martin Luther tawm nws nto moo theses. Nws twb tshwj xeeb outraged los ntawm cov muag khoom ntawm indulgences - kev nyab xeeb uas tau cog lus tseg kev zam txim ntawm tej kev txhaum. Scary yog tsis them nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj, tus neeg ntawm nws pawg ntseeg - qhov no yog dab tsi. Luther ua nce poob parishioners uas tuaj rau confession, hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv tej kev txhaum twb yuav ib tug indulgence, tab sis vim hais tias lawv yuav tsis hloov siab lees txim. Luther outraged hais tias cov Catholic hierarchy muaj txoj cai, ua ntej, los tsim ib tug "nqi lossis" rau tej kev txhaum, thiab tib ob, noj rau lub cai ntawm Vajtswv rau kev zam txim ntawm tej kev txhaum.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Reformation? No lub zog, uas nws founders tau txiav txim siab tsis mus demand kho, thiab tsim lawv tus kheej, qhov tseeb lub tsev teev ntuj. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tej ceg ntawm Protestantism, xws li nruj heev. Tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov stringent uas yuav tsum tau los txhim kho lawv tus kheej los ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub American mentality.

Protestants hais tias cov ntaub ntawv uas txoj kev vam meej, khwv tau ua hauj lwm los yog cov lag luam tawm - ib tug kos npe rau ntawm Vajtswv qhov koob hmoov, tab sis vim hais tias cov ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tag nrho li. Qhov no tsim lub thiaj li hu ua Protestant ua hauj lwm ethic. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kab lis kev cai ntawm nws tus kheej-kev qhuab qhia thiab muaj peev xwm rau defer gratification rau tom qab. Lom ze yog tsis xav kom, ib co Protestant churches hnub no txwv tsis pub seev cev thiab TV. Yog li ntawd, cov ua hauj lwm them ib tug ntau ntawm cov sij hawm thiab kev rau siab - raws li ib tug tshwm sim, feeb Protestant lub teb chaws (lub teb chaws Yelemees, England) thiab tam sim no heev nplua nuj vim hais tias ntawm nws cov kev cai dab qhuas cuab yeej cuab tam thiab lawv hom lus tau nrhiav tus txheej xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Reformation? Qhov kev hloov no nyob rau hauv lub sab ntsuj plig lub neej ntawm cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub thib ob xyoo txhiab tom qab Tswv Yexus. Nws muaj ib tug nyhuv no: nyob rau txoj hmoo ntawm cov ntiaj chaw, tsim ib tug tshiab ideology thiab ib tug lub zeem muag ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

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