12V fais fab mov rau lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Qhob PSU: Scheme

Ua cov chav tsev 12V fais fab mov rau lawv tus kheej txhais tes yog tsis yooj yim, tab sis qhov no koj yuav tsum paub ib co kev tshawb xav. Nyob rau hauv kev, ib yam ntawm cov ntshav muaj xws li ib ntu rau txhua lub caij uas sib raug rau cov khoom, qhov yooj yim tsis muaj txhua. Nws yog tseem ceeb kom paub dab tsi koj xav siv transformers. Yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj tsim, koj yuav rewind ob winding ib leeg mus cuag tej yam tso zis voltage. Nws tseem pab tau mus kawm txog txoj kev etching luam Circuit Court laug cam, raws li zoo raws li txog tus zus tau tej cov fais fab mov vaj tse nyob.

Lub hwj chim mov Cheebtsam

Cov ntsiab keeb ntawm tej fais fab mov - nws yog ib kauj ruam-down transformer. Nrog nws cov kev pab tshwm sim mains voltage txo (220 V) rau 12 V. Cov lug tham txog hauv qab no yuav siv tau raws li ib tug self-ua nrog rau qhov rewound theem nrab transformer winding thiab tiav lawm cov khoom tsis muaj upgrading. Nws yog tsuas tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov nta thiab ua qhov tseeb muab xam los ntawm cov seem ntawm cov hlau thiab xov tooj ntawm koj lem.

Qhov thib ob lub caij nyob rau hauv tseem ceeb - ib tug rectifier. Nws yog ua los ntawm ib tug, ob tug los yog plaub semiconductor diodes. Nws nyob rau ntawm lub hom tswvyim, nyob rau hauv uas lub hwj huam mov yog hais txog mus qhob. Piv txwv li, rau qhov kev siv ntawm voltage doubling yog tsim nyog los siv ob semiconductor. Wires tsis ua tsuas yog ib qho, tab sis nws yog zoo dua rau siv ib tug choj Circuit Court (tag nrho cov smoothed ripple tam sim no). Tom qab rectifier tas muaj electrolytic capacitor. Cov kev kawm qhov chaw ntawm lub zener diode uas haum tsis, nws enables mus ua ib tug ruaj khov tso zis voltage.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub transformer

Transformers, rectifiers yog siv los muaj cov nram qab Cheebtsam:

1. Cov tub ntxhais (magnetic tub ntxhais ua los ntawm ib tug ferromagnetic hlau).
2. Obmotu network (thawj). Powered by 220 volts.
3. Ib tug thib ob winding (downshift). Nws yog siv los txuas rau lub rectifier.

Tam sim no rau tag nrho cov ntsiab nyob rau hauv ntau yam. Cov tub ntxhais yuav tsum muaj tej yam zoo, tab sis yog feem ntau W-zoo li tus thiab U-puab. Tsis tshua muaj heev toroidal, tab sis lawv muaj ntau tseem, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv inverters (voltage inverters, piv txwv li, los ntawm 12 mus rau 220 volts) tshaj nyob rau hauv cov pa daws kom tiav kiag li lawm. 2A fais fab mov unit 12b tsim nyog yuav ua li cas nrog rau cov kev siv ntawm ib tug transformer muaj ib tug W-zoo li tus los yog U-zoo li tus tub ntxhais.

Lub windings tej zaum yuav txheej txheem ob leeg rau txhua lwm yam (thawj thawj, nrab thiab tom qab) rau ib tug ncej, thiab tus ob coils. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ib tug transformer nrog ib tug U-zoo li tus tub ntxhais uas muaj ob tug coils. Nyob rau txhua yam uas lawv ua winding ib nrab thawj thiab windings. By txuas terminals ntawm lub transformer kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series yog yuav tsum tau.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug transformer xam

Wb hais tias koj txiav txim siab los poob ob winding ntawm lub transformer koj tus kheej. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau kawm cov nqi ntawm lub ntsiab tsis - voltage, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog ib tug hluas tig. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim txoj kev uas koj yuav siv tau thaum lub sij hawm siv thiab ntawm cov transformer. Ntau npaum li cas tsis yooj yim rau xam tag nrho cov tsis, yog hais tias tus mob yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas theem nrab, tab sis kuj thawj winding. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau paub tias lub sib nqus seem thiab permeability zog. Yog hais tias cov suav thaiv 12V 5A fais fab mov nws tus kheej, qhov no yog cov kev xaiv kom tau ntau yog tshaj npaj kom hloov mus rau cov tsis.

Primary winding lus nyuaj tshaj theem nrab, txij li thaum tej zaum nws yuav tsum yog ib tug ob peb txhiab lem ntawm nyias hlau. Nws yog ua tau mus piv rau qhov teeb meem thiab ua qhob fais fab mov los ntawm txoj kev ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab.

Yuav kom xam lub qhov sab, nws yog tsim nyog los poob 10 lem ntawm cov hlau, uas yuav siv. Sau transformer thiab tsom kwm kev nyab xeeb ceev faj, txuas thawj winding mus rau lub network. Los so ntsuas voltage rau ob winding ntawm cov lus tau tus nqi faib los ntawm tus xov tooj 12, 10. Tam sim no sib faib tau txais tus nqi. Thiab koj tau lub xov tooj ntawm koj lem yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj 12 volts. Koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv ib me ntsis pab kom txawm peem rau cov voltage nco (kom txaus mus rau 10%).

Diodes rau fais fab Mov

Xaiv cov semiconductor diodes siv nyob rau hauv lub rectifier fais fab mov nyob uas tus nqi yog tsim nyog los muab cov ciaj ciam ntawm lub transformer. Qhov ntau dua tus quab yuam ntawm cov tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kauj, qhov ntau haib diodes yuav tsum tau siv. Preference yog muab rau hauv cov qhov chaw uas yog manufactured nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm silicon. Tab sis tsis txhob siv sij hawm ib tug siab, raws li lawv yog tsis npaj rau kev siv nyob rau hauv muab daws kom tiav kiag li lawm. Lawv lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - high-zaus teeb liab kom paub tias nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj cua txais thiab kis kiag li lawm.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj rau cov uas tsis muaj hwj huam hwj chim mov - yog siv cov diode arrays, lub hwj chim 12V 5A hwj chim lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib tug ntau me me pob. Diode Arrays - ib tug txheej ntawm plaub semiconductor diodes. lawv yog siv heev dua lwm yam rau lub rectification ntawm alternating tam sim no. Ua hauj lwm nrog lawv ntau npaum li cas yooj yim, tsis txhob yuav tsum tau ua ib tug ntau ntawm kev sib txuas, nws yog txaus mus thov ob zis voltage los ntawm cov transformer theem nrab winding thiab kom tshem tawm cov seem qhov.

voltage kev cai

Tom qab raug tus transformer yog yuav tsum tau ua ntsuas ntawm voltage ntawm lub terminals ntawm nws cov theem nrab winding. Yog hais tias nws tshaj 12 volts, nws yog tsim nyog los ua kev cai stabilization. Txawm nyuaj unit 12V fais fab mov yuav tsis ua tsis tau nws. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov mov voltage yog tsis ruaj tsis khov. Txuas ib voltmeter mus rau lub phab ntsa tso pa thiab ua ntsuas ntawm txawv sij hawm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su, nws yuav dhia mus txog 240 volts, thiab nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj nqis los txawm mus rau 180. Nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub load rau ntawm lub hwj chim kab.

Yog hais tias koj muaj nyob rau hauv cov thawj winding ntawm lub transformer voltage yog hloov, nws yuav tsis ruaj tsis khov thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob. Pab kom txawm peem rau qhov no, nws yog tsim nyog los siv li hu ua voltage stabilizers. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws tseem tau los siv zener diodes mus rau ib tug tsim tus nqi tsis (tam sim no thiab voltage). Zener txheej, yuav tsum khaws qhov tsim nyog hais ua ntej ua 12V fais fab mov.

Tseem muaj ntau tshaj "advanced" ntsiab (KR142EN12 hom), uas yog ib tug txheej ntawm ob peb Zener diodes, thiab passive ntsiab. Lawv cov yam ntxwv yog zoo npaum li cas. Tsis tas li ntawd, tseem muaj txawv teb chaws counterparts xws kiag li lawm. Koj yuav tsum paub txog cov ntsiab ua ntej lawv ua 12V fais fab mov koj xaiv rau koj tus kheej.

Nta ntawm pulsed khoom siv fais fab

Khoom siv fais fab ntawm no hom lug siv nyob rau hauv tus kheej computers. Lawv muaj ob tug tso zis voltages: 12 V - rau zaub mov drives drives 5 volts - rau lub lag luam ntawm Microprocessors thiab lwm yam pab kiag li lawm. Tsis zoo li tej yam yooj yim khoom siv fais fab nws yog hais tias lub tso zis teeb liab yog tsis tu ncua, tab sis tus mem tes - zoo li tus zoo li ib tug duab plaub. Tus thawj lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm ib lub teeb liab zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub thib ob nws yog pes tsawg.

Muaj kuj sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaus ntawv Circuit Court. Rau ib txwm lag luam ntawm switching fais fab mov qhob yuav tsum tau rectification ntawm lub mains voltage tsis txos nws cov nuj nqis (tswv yim transformer offline). Siv switching khoom siv fais fab yuav ua tau raws li ywj siab pab kiag li lawm thiab lawv kho counterparts - roj teeb. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib tug yuav tau ib tug yooj yim bespereboynik, thiab nws lub hwj chim yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov tsis muaj lub hwj chim chav tsev thiab lub hom roj teeb siv.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau uninterrupted fais fab mov?

Lub hwj chim mov yog txaus los mus cuag ib tug roj teeb nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus, yog li ntawd thaum hluav taws xob yog muab tua tag nrho cov pab kiag li lawm tseem ua hauj lwm feem ntau. Thaum lub kev cob cog rua fais fab mov network ua them ntawm lub roj teeb, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog zoo li tus lag luam ntawm lub tsheb fais fab mov. Thiab thaum lub uninterrupted fais fab mov unit 12b yog kaw ntawm lub network voltage mov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov khoom los ntawm lub roj teeb.

Tab sis muaj tej lub sij hawm thaum koj yuav tsum tau tso zis hauv lub mains voltage ntawm 220 volts, piv txwv li, rau tus kheej computers lub hwj chim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug inverter Circuit Court - ib tug ntaus ntawv uas converts ib tug DC voltage ntawm 12 volts rau AC 220. Tus Circuit Court yog ntau tham tshaj hais tias ntawm ib yam yooj yim zog mov, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm sau.

Filtering thiab clipping lub alternating tivthaiv

Qhov tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob los ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej nyob rau hauv rectifier technology. Noj ib tug saib lub block 12V fais fab mov Circuit Court uas yog feem ntau. Nws muaj ib tug diode choj, capacitor kuj. Lim txiav tawm tag nrho cov ruaj harmonics, tawm hauv lub hwj huam mov tso zis DC voltage. Piv txwv li, qhov nyuaj lim - yog ib tug electrolytic capacitor nrog peev xwm loj. Yog hais tias koj saib nyob rau ntawm nws ua hauj lwm nrog DC thiab AC voltage, nws yuav ntshiab rau nws lub lag luam hauv paus ntsiab lus.

Nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los cov ntaub ntawv nws muaj ib tug tej yam kuj nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug Circuit Court tej zaum nws yuav tau hloov nrog ib taag resistor. Tseem ceeb rau cov kev sib hais haum ntawm cov Kirchhoff theorem.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob cov ntaub ntawv (thaum alternating tam sim no tsev) capacitor ua ib tug neeg xyuas pib. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog ua tau los hloov ib tug choj uas tsis muaj kuj. Nws yuav txuas ob outputs. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws txoj kev tshawb no peb yuav pom tias lub nce mus nce los tivthaiv yuav tawm, vim hais tias cov outputs raug kaw thaum tam sim no tsev. Muaj yuav yuav tsuas yog ib qhov voltage. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, rau qhov ceev ceev paug capacitors tuaj txoos ua ke unit 12b nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes lub hwj chim uas koj yuav tau nyob rau tawm los txuam rau resistor muaj kuj (3-5 MW).

ua tsev nyob

Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm lub hwj huam mov vaj tsev zoo tagnrho txhuas ces kaum thiab daim hlau. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum ua ib yam ntawm cov cev pob txha qauv, uas tom qab yuav clad nrog los xij ntawm txhuas haum zoo lawm. yuav siv tau raws li lub plating hlau thinner los txo qhov hnyav, fais fab mov. Tsim unit 12b nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes lub hwj chim ntawm cov seem ntaub ntawv yooj yim.

Zoo tagnrho lub cev ntawm lub microwave qhov cub. Ua ntej, cov hlau yog txaus nyias thiab lub teeb. Secondly, yog tias koj ua txhua yam kom zoo, cov xim muaj hlau yuav tsis yuav puas ntsoog, yog li cov tsos yuav txaus nyiam. Peb, qhov luaj li cas ntawm ib tug microwave cub trim yog heev loj, uas tso cai rau peb mus zoo yam lub cev.

Ua cov ntawv luam Circuit Court board

Npaj ci PCB rau tus txheej txheem no lub hlau txheej nrog ib tug daws ntawm hydrochloric acid. Yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj xws li, nws yog tej zaum yuav siv ib tug ntsha poured mus rau hauv lub tsheb roj teeb. Qhov no txoj kev yuav degrease qhov chaw. Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv roj hmab hnab looj tes kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag nrog daim tawv nqaij, vim hais tias koj yuav tau txais mob loj heev kev kub nyhiab. Tom qab ntawd, ntxuav cov dej uas muaj qhov sib ntxiv ntawm dej qab zib (xab npum tau mus neutralize lub acid). Thiab koj yuav ua tau ib qho ntawm lub PCB.

Ua ib daim duab raws li koj tau nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb computer kev pab cuam, los yog manually. Yog hais tias koj tsim ib txwm khiav 12V 2A fais fab mov, es ib tug mem tes, cov xov tooj ntawm lub ntsiab yog tsawg heev. Ces tus substrate qauv yuav dispensed nrog software rau modeling, nws yuav tsum tau ua ntawv thov mus rau qhov chaw ntawm tus ntawv ci nrog ib tug mus tas marker. Nws yog ib advisable mus ua ob los yog peb txheej, muab lub yav dhau los qhuav. Zoo tau yuav muab cov kua roj vanish daim ntawv thov (e.g., ntsia thawv polish). Yeej muaj tseeb, daim duab yuav tuaj tawm sis tsis ncaj vim tus txhuam.

Raws li kos nqi

Npaj thiab lub qhuav board nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm ferric chloride tshuaj. Nyhav nws yuav tsum xws li tias cov tooj liab sai li sai tau nyuab siab. Yog hais tias tus txheej txheem yog qeeb, nws yog pom zoo kom ua rau kom cov concentration ntawm ferric chloride nyob rau hauv cov dej. Yog hais tias qhov no tsis ua hauj lwm, ces sim kom sov lub tshuaj. Rau no hom cov dej tank, teem nyob rau ntawd (tsis nco qab hais tias nws yog ntshaw kom cia nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab yas los yog iav ntim) thawv nrog ib tug daws ntawm tshav kub thiab simmer. Dej kub yuav sov lub ferric chloride tshuaj.

Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj sij hawm ntau los yog ferric chloride, siv ib tug sib tov ntawm ntsev thiab tooj liab sulphate. Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li yam, tom qab uas yog muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj. Lub disadvantage ntawm txoj kev - lub hwj huam mov board yog etched heev maj mam, yuav yuav tsum tau ze li ntawm ib hnub twg mus ua kom tiav disappearance ntawm tag nrho cov tooj liab los ntawm lub PCB nto. Tab sis rau xav ntawm ib yam dab tsi zoo dua, koj muaj peev xwm siv qhov kev xaiv no.

Mounting Cheebtsam

Tom qab lub etching txoj kev, koj yuav tsum tau yaug lub rooj tsavxwm, tshem tawm cov kev tiv thaiv txheej ntawm txoj kev khiav, rau degrease lawv. Kos tus cim rau qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab, tho qhov rau lawv. Ntau tshaj 1.2-hli xyaum me ntsis yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Nruab tag nrho cov Cheebtsam thiab solder lawv mus rau lub lem. Tom qab no, tag nrho cov kev tin cover txheej, t. E. Kom lawv tinning. Thaiv 12b ua rau lawv tus kheej txhais tes lub hwj chim rau tinning installation lem yuav kav koj ntev npaum li cas.