Aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" Griboyedov

1824 rau Russia lawm heev tibneeg hu tauj coob. Nyuab kev sib raug zoo nrog Georgia, lub Caucasus tsis xav mus rau hauv tus txheej xwm ntawm "kev thaj yeeb." Nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis Petersburg yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntawm kev ua qhev - ib qho ntawm cov lusteb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 dej nyab, uas tau thov tib neeg lub neej thiab ua rau lub poorest ntawm cov neeg pluag. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub faj tim teb chaws flare twb nrov tsis tau. Yav qab teb thiab qaum teb Decembrists Society yog stepping li cov kev ua ub, npaj lub uprising. Philosophical thiab nom tswv lub neej yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho viav vias, lub teb chaws yog seething zoo li ib tug dag hiav txwv. Nws yog tsis muaj coincidence nws yog nyob rau hauv 1824, cov neeg tuaj saib raws li ib tug stunning daim ntawm uas tau destined rau tsis yog ciaj sia nws creator, tab sis kuj yuav ua tau kev tsis txawj tuag. Peb tham txog ib tug comedy A. S. Griboedova "Woe los ntawm wit".

Ob peb lo lus hais txog keeb kwm ntawm

Tus sau ua hauj lwm hauv cov ntawv nyeem rau txog li ob lub xyoos, los ntawm 1822 mus 1824 xyoo. Thaum Griboyedov comedy sim sau, censorship twb yuam rau cov khoom unambiguous thiab unconditional txiav npluav. Teeb pom ib tug ob peb daim, thiab cov loj cov nqi kho mob. Tab sis comedy instantly muag nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg rau hauv daim ntawv thiab tsiv deb tshaj lub peev. Phau ntawv kawm los ntawm lub plawv, lub koob meej ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" loj hlob hnub los ntawm hnub. Yuav kom tiv thaiv no yuav tsis muaj tej obstacles autocracy. Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab lus qhia rau lub phenomenon ntawm loj tej chaw, thiab txawj nyeem ntawv hlub rau comedy - lus thiab nws style. Yuav luag tam sim ntawd ua hauj lwm tawm ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm rau ib tug quote. Tsis rau ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub hmoov ntawm Pushkin muaj ib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib nrab ntawm cov ntawv nyeem tuaj mus rau hauv paj lug. Nws yog txoj cai. Aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" tsis tsuas yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus ntawm lub kawm strata ntawm tib neeg nyob rau lub sij hawm uas, tab sis mus rau hnub no pab peb mam li qhia lawv cov kev xav kom meej meej, tus hluas, yog muaj thiab qab ntsoov.

kev faib ntawm aphorisms

Vim li cas tus neeg sau li ntawd feem ntau resorted mus rau aphorisms? Qhov twg derives lus txhais tau tias rau lawv txoj kev kawm? Aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" yog ua nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ob peb lub zog. Firstly, lawv yuav tsum tau koj tus kheej rau nqi heev Griboyedov hais lus. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhua tus ua cim comedy hais lus nws tus kheej cov lus, thiab ib tug replica Famusov li txawv los ntawm cov lus Chatsky li Molchalin los ntawm Skalozub. Secondly, qhov aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" Griboyedov yuav tsum tau muab apt kev ntsuam xyuas, yog characterization ntawm lub cim ntawm comedy. Vim lawv expressiveness thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm tus sau ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov lo lus qhia lub essence ntawm cov duab, thaum ib txwm hais lus nws yuav coj los hais tias tsis muaj lub tswv yim. Peb, aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" cia peb muab lub siab lub ntsws thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov txheej xwm, uas yog xa mus rau nyob rau hauv lub comedy. Thiab thaum kawg, nws yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus txoj kev los ntawm paj lug thiab kev paub qhia lo txhais tau tias cov lus los qhia lawv tus yam ntxwv rau ib yam dab tsi los yog lwm tus neeg.

Lub hauv paus pib ntawm aphorisms comedy

Raws li rau lwm tsim ntawm lub aphorisms "Woe los ntawm wit" reminiscent ntawm paj lug thiab sayings. Close lawv yog cov ua hauj lwm ntawm lus dab neeg thiab nyob rau hauv internal qauv, nyob rau cov qauv ntawm kev tsim kho. Linguists uas tau kawm cov lus ntawm comedy, tau ntev them xim rau no qhov tseeb. Griboyedov, sharply criticized lub dominance ntawm txawv teb chaws kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv ib tug noble, nquag tiv thaiv rau cov uas muaj hnub nyoog-laus kab lis kev cai thiab Lavxias teb sab lus tuaj rau lub fore nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" ua pov thawj tias lub playwright yog tsis tsuas remarkably paub lus dab neeg, tab sis kuj pom nws raws li ib tug invaluable qhov chaw lus brightness thiab expressiveness. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm paj lug thiab sayings paub rau tag nrho cov haiv neeg hais lus, tsis hais ntawm lawv cov keeb kwm los yog social theem. Lawv tseem ceeb yog tseeb thiab gentleman thiab philistine thiab ua lag luam, thiab cov neeg ua teb. Yog li, cov txawj sau ntawv tuaj raws li qhov sib sib zog nqus philosophical tswv yim nyob rau hauv aphoristic daim ntawv no, ua rau lawv kaw thiab siv tau rau nws txawj nyeem ntawv los ntawm tag nrho cov mus kev ntawm lub neej.

Xa mus rau cov ntawv nyeem ntawm: kauj ruam 1, lub phenomenon ntawm 2

Wb sim nco ntsoov ib co ntawm cov aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" los ntawm cov kev ua, cais lawv. Nyob rau hauv kauj ruam 2, 1 phenomenon Lisa tus tub txib thiab confidante Sophia utters ib kab lus uas peb tam sim no feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog teeb meem no. Nws yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm uas lordly npau taws thiab hlub yog Attendance txaus ntshai, thiab nws yog zoo dua rau kis tau los ntawm tshaj yog nchuav tawm rau peb. "Vim li cas thiaj?" - Koj nug. Hais txog kev npau taws yog ib qhov tseeb, tab sis yog dab tsi yog txaus ntshai thiab phem "lawm zoo"? Cov txheejtxheem Famusov: nyob rau hauv pej xeem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tus ntxhais, nws piously qhuas lawv virtues thiab "monastic txo hwj chim". Thiab nrog subordinates coj raws li ib tseeb serf: harshly scolding Molchalin, scolds, cia dale, zaub txhwb qaib. Thiab txawm ib tug neeg uas, thaum Lisa yog zoo paub fickleness ntawm tus tswv lub mus ob peb vas. Vim hais tias nws yuav tau txais tawm toj thiab rhiab Famusov, thiab nws discontent. Nrog siv tseem los rau tam sim no lub sij hawm, peb yuav hais tias sau raws nkaus Ii aphorism tej teeb meem uas cov thawj ntawm cov ntawm abusing nws official txoj hauj lwm. Subordinates yuav tau huab thiab raug kev txom nyem.

Xa mus rau cov ntawv nyeem ntawm: kauj ruam 1, tus phenomenon 4

Koj paub dab tsi ib tug feature nkag tau rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Griboyedov? "Woe los ntawm wit", aphorisms los ntawm uas peb to taub, tej zaum yuav nkag rau hauv synonymous thiab antonymous lus kev sib raug zoo. Lisa hu Famusov "txhoj puab me nyuam" thiab "taug kev nyob rau hauv". 4 Thiab nws hais tias Sophia phenomenon nws tus kheej heev lub opposite, "tsis muaj kev xav tau ntawm ib tug qauv", raws li nws nws tus kheej muaj, FAMUSOV - ib tug tsim nyog piv txwv ua raws li. Nyob rau hauv no tshwm sim, tus hero yog mus rau lwm lub tib yam, uas qhia rau nws raws li ib tug ardent hater ntawm txawv teb chaws cawv thiab cov neeg psevdokulturnyh tiam sis dictated los ntawm zam. FAMUSOV - tus neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug ancient aristocratic Moscow, gravely neej raws li cov kev cai ntawm yav dhau los xyoo pua. Nws dearly tag nrho cov yawg suab, xeeb los ntawm lub feudal kev sib raug zoo ntawm serfdom txoj cai. Ncuab 'twb thiab lub siab lub ntsws, "nws hu tsis tau tsuas yog sellers nyob rau hauv lub fashionable khw rau Kuznetsky, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev tag nrho cov uas yog txuam nrog txawv teb chaws publishers ntawm cov phau ntawv, ntawv xov xwm thiab cov phau ntawv Magazine. Indignation tawm tsam cov "cap thiab ribbons", "sau phau ntawv thiab cov suab paj nruag," Paul Afanasievich raws li ib tug ntshav yeeb ncuab ntxub txhua yam tshiab uas cas nws yuav co cov paub thiab seemingly immutable txoj kev ntawm lub neej. Yog hais tias peb sau sau thoob plaws hauv cov ntawv nyeem aphorisms Griboyedov ( "Woe los ntawm wit"), uas yog tau hais los ntawm tus neeg Famusov, koj yuav saib tau npaum li cas retrograde thiab deb ntawm lub social kev kawm ntiaj teb no hero. Tab sis nws pom hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm nws cov postulates no tsis tsis muaj yog vim li cas! Ib nqe lus hais txog lub imitation ntawm Lavxias teb sab nom tswv cajceg ntawm tej yam uas txawv teb chaws yog tag nrho muaj feem xyuam rau peb lub sij hawm!

Xa mus rau cov ntawv nyeem ntawm: kauj ruam 1, lub phenomenon ntawm 6

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim 1, 6 phenomenon tshwm rau hauv lub scene lub cim tseem ceeb ua hauj lwm - Aleksandr Andreevich Chatsky. Aphorisms comedy "Woe los ntawm wit", nested nyob rau hauv nws lub qhov ncauj, thiab yog txuam nrog paj lug thiab sayings. Nto moo hais txog qhov "pa luam yeeb ntawm cov fatherland" yog synonymous nrog hais tias tsis muaj teeb meem yuav ua li cas zoo qhov txhia chaw, nyob rau hauv tsev yog ib qho zoo. Tsis muaj tsawg meej thiab lwm hais tias, ua tau rau lub hauv paus ntawm qhov hais tias: "qhov zoo tshaj plaws muaj, qhov uas peb ua tsis tau." Los yog coj no hais: "nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav nrhiav tsis tau me ntsis". Koj muaj peev xwm cia li nco ntsoov adage hais tias muaj, txawm nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Los yog cov biblical Yexus hais tias nws yuav muab pov tej pob zeb, uas yog tsis muaj kev txhaum rau nws tus kheej.

Cov yam ntxwv thiab samoharakteristika

Raws li twb tau sau tseg, lub aphorisms ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" Griboyedov yog ib qho zoo heev txhais tau tias tus neeg sau tus cim thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm nws tus kheej-discovery. Li cas tus naas ej "yuav zoo siab heev" Chatsky? Lub fact tias nws yog kam muab cov kev pab ntawm lawv lub lag luam kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse, txuj ci thiab lub dag lub zog. Tab sis nws yog cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog npaj txhij mus ua hauj lwm, tsis txhob Curry haum rau ib tug neeg, raws li yog cov kev cai nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 thiab tej kev txhaum uas muaj ntau twb nyob rau hauv peb caug xyoo, lub 21st. Careerism, chinopoklonstvo thiab, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lawv, ntseeg thiab lub luag hauj lwm tus cwj pwm mus zoo li cas koj ua li cas, tau nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm Griboyedov thiab heev feem ntau muaj txoj cai tam sim no.

nrog tej teeb meem

Interestingly lwm aphorism Chatsky txog tsev uas yog tshiab, thiab prejudices uas tseem yuav nyob li qub. Tiag advanced txiv neej ua ntej nws lub sij hawm, nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub monologues, uas thuam serfdom, dej huv tso zis "txiv ntawm cov Fatherland", kev noj nyiaj txiag, kev ua txhaum, thiab kev phem heev rau lub serf system. Denouncing raug lub neej thiab tus cwj pwm zoo Gentry Moscow, los ntawm cov lus, uas yog ib tug monstrous sib tov "French nrog Nizhegorodsky" thiab xaus kev tsim txom txoj kev kawm ntawv, kev kawm ntawv, txoj kev ywj pheej. Thiab thaum FAMUSOV horrified hero hu Carbonaro, tsis muaj leej twg paub, cov lus qhuab qhia kev ywj pheej, peb to taub hais tias qhov no yog lub feem ntau loyal thiab tseem ceeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm Griboyedov ze rau nws nyob rau hauv ntsuj plig thiab cov ua cim nws tus kheej-qhia tawm Famusov nrog nws tsis kawg inertia thiab conservatism.

Classicism, Romanticism, realism

Griboyedov comedy organically combines tag nrho peb tej kev sau ntawv tiam sis. Tej hauj lwm Language - ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv. Comedy ib hom ntawv nyeem mas suav hais tias tsis muaj, thiab sau nws zoo zoo nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm cov neeg, t. E. conversational. Playwright mus rau ib tug tej yam raws li siv nws, tsis tau raws li cov nyhuv ntawm nyob hais lus. Thiab nyob rau hauv nws aphorisms ntau ntau dialects, colloquialisms. Txawm li cas los, nws cim yuav mus rau lub Moscow nom tswv cajceg, t. E. txaus educated strata ntawm cov haiv neeg. Li no lub siab tshaj plaws txav los nyob ze ntawm lus cim Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv hom lus. Muaj tsawg txawv teb chaws qiv los yog archaisms, cov lus ntawm cov laus Slavonic lus. Nrog hais txog qhov no, thiab aphorisms. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog tseeb thiab yooj yooj yim thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug comedy zoo li ib tug pob zeb diamond.