Bakelite varnishes: cov yam ntxwv sib xyaw, muaj pes tsawg leeg, daim ntawv thov nta thiab txheeb xyuas

Niaj hnub no Bakelite varnishes yog ib hom tshuaj uas nrov siv hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv yog ua los ntawm evaporating phenol thiab formaldehyde. Thiab rau qhov no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua ib qho tshwj xeeb daws ntawm resins nyob rau hauv kev haus cawv. Lub ammonia ntxiv rau lub Cheeb Tsam Cheeb Tsam los ua haujlwm nrog sib. Qhov no tivthaiv muab qhov kawg formulations ib qho tsis hnov tsw.

Ntsiab Ntaus

Bakelite varnishes yog lom, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem qhuav, phenol thiab formaldehyde vapors raug tso tawm. Muaj cai txwv rau kev muaj cov khoom no hauv khw muag khoom. Qhov concentration ntawm 0.3 mg / m³ tsis phom sij rau tib neeg. Feem ntau cov nqi ua rau qaug tshuaj, thiab qee kis - kom tuag.

Bakelite lacquer muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muaj ib tug flammable tshuaj thiab muaj ib lub eeb point ntawm 15 ° C. Kev sibtham tag nrho tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub siab dua qhov kev txheeb xyuas yav dhau los. Cov vuas muaj xim sib txawv rau kev tua hluav taws muaj npe rau hauv chav kawm A. Cov lus qhia txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom no yog piav qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv txhim kho, xws li hauv GOST 12.1.044. Yog tias ib qho hluav taws xob tshwm sim hauv cov khw muag khoom, dej, xuab zeb, thiab ib hom tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov neeg ua noj ua haus tshwj xeeb yog siv rau nws qhov chaw nyob.

Bakelite vanish: daim ntawv thov

Cov tshuaj no siv rau ntau yam lag luam. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tiv thaiv cov hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm ya raws lossis lwm yam tshuaj phem. Lawv kuj raug siv los tha xim roj hmab tso tawm. Bakelite varnishes yog superior rau lwm yam khoom xws li cov khoom hauv lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm, raws li lawv siv rau kev siv thiab kev kho ntawm txhua tus neeg ntawm ib feem.

Cov feem ntau kho nrog xws li compositions raug plywood. Bakelite cov kua roj vanish kev yam ntxwv raws li tau piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, tiam sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm yam industries. Ntawm lawv yog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev Xa Khoom Siv - kev tsim cov nkoj ntawm cov nkoj thiab nkoj;
• Automotive - zus tau qis dua, nrog rau cov khoom ntiag tug;
• Kev tsim kho - npog ntawm cov plag tsev, sab nrauv kho vaj tse, vaj tse, kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov chav thiab rooj tog tsim;
• Rau kev siv phom thiab chaw ua si;
• Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm cov menyuam cov khoom thiab ntau yam ntxiv.

Tus txheej txheem ntawm tau txais ib cov kua roj vanish

Ua kom muaj li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog siv cov yeeb yam nram qab no: phenol, ethyl alcohol, formalin thiab ammonia. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm bakelite lacquer puas paub peb? Lawv vam khom cov yeeb yam ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj

Yog li ntawd, thawj cov khoom yog phenol. Nws yog ib qho organic compound uas dissolves li dej nrog dej. Nws cov lus pub dawb yog 40 ° C. Formalin yog ib yam tshuaj lom neeg ua paug uas pom tias yog tshuaj lom. Nws yog ib lub pob tshab kua uas muaj tsawg theem ntawm reactivity. Ammonia tsis siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv, tab sis yog ua los ntawm nws los ntawm ib tug qaug zog aqueous daws.

Ethyl cawv yog siv rau kev siv cov tshuaj carbonaceous. Qhov kawg tshwm sim yog haus kua. Nws tuaj yeem pleev xim rau xim txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub varnish yog zaub roj thiab cellulose. Ua ntej nws ntxiv, nws yog txoj haujlwm tiav.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb

Rau hnub no muaj 9 lub ntsiab hom bakelite varnishes. Txhua ntawm lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, uas yog, phenol, formaldehyde, ethanol thiab ammonia. Nrog cov kev hloov ntawm ib qhov ntawm cov ntsuas, cov khoom ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab nws lub zog hloov. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem piv cov npe ntawm cov roj hmab no:

• SBS-1 - kev ua cov yas thiab plywood, uas yog siv nyob rau sab nrauv thiab kho kom zoo sab hauv tsev.
• LBS-4 - rau ntau plastics muaj ntxhia pob.
• LBS-1 thiab LBS-2 - raug xam tau tias yog cov vov-phaj siab zoo tshaj plaws thiab yuav siv cov pleev xim thiab cov iav-textile khoom.

Cov kua roj vanish yog siv rau cov khoom siv los yog cov khoom siv los txhuam tus txhuam los yog tus menyuam. Nyob rau hauv qhov kawg, ib zaj duab xis tshwj xeeb yog tsim rau saum npoo, muaj cov qauv organic los yog tsis muaj ntsiab lus. Nws tiv thaiv qhov chaw ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm ya raws, nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj phem.

Siv lub sijhawm thaum kho

Cov kua roj vuas no yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Siv lub qe tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem ua tau yam xim ntawm cov khoom. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom ntawm cov kua roj vanish yuav nyob tsis hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, nws siv tom tsev yog qhov nyuaj. Ua ntej daim ntawv thov, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav qhov saum npoo av khib nyiab thiab nws qhuav. Tom qab lo nrog cov kua roj vanish, lub hau yuav tsum tau kho cua sov. Qhov kub yuav tsum ncav cuag 160 ° C. Ua kom tiav nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm.

Lub natural ziab ntawm qhov saum npoo yog nqa tawm rau 4 xuab moos. Rau kev tiv thaiv kom muaj kev tiv thaiv, ib txheej thib ob yog siv los saum toj no, uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb muab tub lim. Tag nrho cov followers mus tsis muaj muab tub lim. Nws thiaj li, zaj duab xis thickness ncav 0.5 hli.

Yuav kom nce lub dag zog ntawm qhov chaw, saum paj rwb ntaub siv, uas yog impregnated nrog bakelite varnish. Nws tau muab tso rau hauv txog 3 khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Cov cuab yeej no yog raws li nram no: pib nrog, cov ntaub yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom huv thiab qhuav kom tshem tau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab.

Nws yog txiav mus rau hauv me me pieces thiab immersed nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv nrog varnish. Nws yuav tsum soaked rau 5 feeb. Tom qab, cov ntaub so ntswg tshem tawm ntawm lub khob thiab siv cov hnab looj tes rub tawm. Cov txheej txhaws raug rau cov cua qhib thiab qhuav kom lub qhov muaj qhov hnyav tsawg dua. Cov ntaub qhwv thiab cov ntaub qhwv qhuav yog siv rau cov nplaim thiab cov kua roj vanish yog siv los saum no nrog rau txhuam. Yog hais tias nws tsim nyog los txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm cov kav dej, daim ntaub yog txiav mus rau hauv ib lub me me dav dav. Tom qab ntawd tus txheej txheem ua raws tib qauv.

Nws thiaj li, ib zaj duab xis yog tsim ntawm lub tuam tsev, uas yuav tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm ya raws thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem raug mob nyob rau hauv ob peb cov mob:

• Yog hais tias qhov saum npoo yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kub saum 20 ° C ntev heev;
• Yog hais tias qhov saum npog nrog vanish, yuav tau txais ncaj qha tshav ntuj.

Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb tias txoj kev kho ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua rau qee qhov teeb meem, txiav txim los ntawm cov lus teb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov ntaub ntawv no tseem tshua nrov heev.

Nqe cai

Tus nqi ntawm cov nyob tus yeees yog txawv ntau thiab nyob ntawm lub hom, raws li tau zoo raws li qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 300 mus rau 1000 raus ib liter.

Xaus

Raws li tus tswv hais tias, Bakelite varnish yog ib hom tshuaj uas nrov heev uas siv tsis yog hauv kev lag luam xwb, tab sis tseem nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Nws yog siv rau kev siv ntawm ntau yam chemicals thiab cov khoom. Cov neeg uas siv nws paub tseeb tias cov cuab yeej ntawm nws daim ntawv thov yog qhov yooj yim heev. Tsuas yog lawv hais tias thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov kua roj vanish, ib qho yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai. Ua ntej tshaj, cov xim pleev xim rau qhov chaw yuav tsum muaj qhov cua zoo. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob ntev, thaum cov kua phenol pa ua rau ua rau lom.

Li ntawd, peb pom tias seb cov kab li cas muab, thiab tseem kawm tau dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kabmob kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.