Benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav: mob, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Gynecology benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav - yog lub sij teeb meem. Nrog rau cov kab mob tsuas "yau" txhua txhua xyoo. Nws yog Attendance raug rau cov tub ntxhais thiab cov neeg laus cov poj niam. Qhaj ntawv ntawm zoo saib xyuas yuav ua rau disastrous txim, xws li kev tuag.

Benign thiab phem ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav

Pob kev loj hlob yog pathologically deformed cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes. Cov yav tas yog tsim nyob rau ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov ntau yam hauv paus pib, ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev khiav dej num. Tumor yeej ib txwm peb-dimensional formations. Raws li rau cov poj niam me nyuam system, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub pathological txheej txheem ua ntej yuav pib mus tsim nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrog cev rau lawv tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tau mus rau lub nyob sib ze lug, conquering tshiab chaw.

Noj rau hauv tus account cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm tag nrho cov hlav ntawm cheeb tsam no yuav tsum subdivided rau hauv ob pawg: benign thiab phem ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav. Qhov no kev faib yog arbitrary. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev me nyuam lub sij hawm, ib co benign transformed rau hauv phem. Txawm li cas los, lawv muaj ib tug loj sib txawv.

Kab mob qog hlav tsiag ntawv los ntawm ceev ceev pace ntawm kev loj hlob thiab lub peev xwm mus txeem nyob rau hauv ib co noj qab nyob zoo lub hlwb. Tag nrho cov no inevitably entails germination pathological hlwb nyob rau hauv lub lymphatic hlab ntsha, thiab ntxiv kis thoob plaws lub cev ua ke nrog rau cov ntshav khiav. Cov no ib tug ntau metastases. Histologically, lub phem hlwb txawv nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv los ntawm kev noj qab nyob ntawm zes qe menyuam khej. Nyob rau hauv tsos, lawv yog heev ntau haiv neeg, raws li yog tas li nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm kev loj hlob.

Benign txwv los ntawm nyob sib ze cov ntaub so ntswg sheath, yeej tsis mus dhau nws. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog yus muaj los ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau hauv loj, uas tej zaum kuj ua rau yus compression ntawm nyob sib ze kabmob. Tej yam zoo li tsis txhob ua rau noj nqaij tsis muaj ib tug ib txwm mus metastasize. Tom qab phais tshem tawm yog yuav luag ib txwm los ib tug tag nrho rov qab. Relapse mob tsis tshua tuaj mus rau lub teeb.

Nta ib tug benign txheej txheem

Lub zes qe menyuam yog suav hais tias yog tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv nruab nrog cev ntawm lub tsev me nyuam system. Lawv yog ua nrog txiv neej pw cov tshuaj hormones, mature qe. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, lawv yog feem ntau heev ua raws li ib lub hom phiaj rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm pathological dab. Hlwv thiab hlav ntawm cov ntau yam kev ua me nyuam kabmob feem ntau xaiv lub zes qe menyuam. Lawv pom tau hais tias ib tug lam tau lam ua qauv. Benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog tsis tawm cov kev txwv ntawm cov cov khoom hauv nrog cev, uas tso cai rau kom tshem tau ntawm tus kab mob. Lub ntsiab txoj kev kho mob nyob rau hauv dej phais.

Cov lwm nta qhov no zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob yog cov nram qab no cov chaw:

1. Tsim thaum twg muaj hnub nyoog.
2. Txo cov poj niam txoj kev deev tej zaum.
3. Qhov uas tsis muaj kev mob.
4. High kev pheej hmoo ntawm phem transformation - transformation mus rau hauv ib tug kab mob qog hlav.

Feem ntau cov feem ntau pathological txheej txheem muaj feem xyuam rau cov poj niam tom qab 30 xyoo. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm asymptomatic. Qhov no "ntsiag to cancer". Nws title obliges txhua txhua tus poj niam zoo saib xyuas lawv cov kev noj qab nyob thiab mus ua periodic soj ntsuam nyob rau gynecologist.

Piv txwv li, o ntawm lub appendages nyob rau hauv ib tug mob daim ntawv yeej ib txwm ua rau appreciable mob. Qhov no ua rau cov poj niam mus ntsib ib tug kws kho mob nyob hauv lub txais tos uas yog ices thiab txaus ntshai tus kab mob. Nyob rau hauv lwm tus neeg mob yog tsis tshua muaj heev rub nov ntawm nqaij tawv nyob rau hauv lub qis lub plab cheeb tsam. Yog li ntawd, lub mob cancer txheej txheem yuav ua tau tsis meej pem nrog ib tug plab hnyuv teeb meem no los kab mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tus mob tshua quav ntsej thiab nquag tsim.

pathology Ua

Etiology ntawm benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav tsis paub hais tias. Cov kws kho mob mus txuas ntxiv los sib cav tswv yim nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem, hnov ntau yam kev xav. Piv txwv li, cov kws kho mob muaj peev xwm ua qhia tau tias ib tug tag nrho pawg ntawm cov provocateurs yam. Lawv tam sim ntawd feem ho tsub kom qhov yuav ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub pathological txheej txheem. Tej yam zoo xws li:

• hormonal ntshawv siab;
• nruam ovulation;
• kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition;
• txhaum cov txheej txheem follicular maturation;
• tau txais progesterone;
• haus luam yeeb.

Cev xeeb tub kuj ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug benign txheej txheem.

soj ntsuam daim duab

Feem ntau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav qhia tsis muaj cov tsos mob. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kawm ntawv kev soj ntsuam daim duab hloov. Cov poj niam feem ntau tuaj rau hauv lub txais tos rau lub gynecologist cov nram qab no tsis txaus siab:

1. Yog nqus tau mob nyob rau hauv lub qis lub plab cheeb tsam, yus muaj los ntawm ib tug-ib tog.
2. Ntxiv lawm tshob.
3. Kev ua txhaum ntawm ib tug poj niam lub voj voog.
4. Qhov kev xav ntawm heaviness nyob rau hauv lub qis lub plab mog.
5. Dizuricheskie teeb meem.
6. Teeb meem nrog defecation, nce plab ntim vim flatulence.

Lub ob ces ntawm tus kab mob yog tsis tshua muaj, tab sis kuj yog ib tug thaum ntxov sau npe rau ntawm txawm ib tug me me luaj li cas ntawm cov qog. Cov poj niam lawv tus kheej thiab txawm cov kws kho mob suab tsis muab nws ib tug nqi.

Ib txhia hom hlwv, benign cov xwm sib txawv, muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm qhov uas ua cov tshuaj hormones. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus kab mob no tej zaum yuav tau nrog los ntawm cov nram qab no noj qab haus huv tej teeb meem:

• heev tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm kev coj khaubncaws;
• clitoral o;
• txo qhov loj ntawm lub mammary qog;
• txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pob txuv;
• tshaj lub cev plaub hau kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv neej hom;
• Cushing tus syndrome.

Cov tsos mob tej zaum yuav tshwm sim kiag li ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog, nrog rau thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntawm lub qog Torsion ob txhais ceg

Ob peb lwm yam kev mob yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tham rau thaum kawg ntawm ib tug benign qog ntawm lub zes qe menyuam nyob rau hauv cov poj niam. Cov feem ntau manifestation ntawm nws yog pom tias yuav tsum muaj ib tug Torsion neoplasms ob txhais ceg. Nws yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv benign thiab borderline lub xeev. Tus qauv muaj xws li ob txhais ceg phais qab haus huv, cov hlab ntsha, hlab qe raj, peritoneal feem thiab uterine ligament. Cov nram qab no cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum tus mob ua txhaum hwj chim:

• Sudden unilateral mob nyob rau hauv lub qis lub plab cheeb tsam, uas tej zaum kuj yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug mus tas cim;
• ntuav thiab xeev siab;
• tsam plab;
• clammy hws;
• daj ntseg daim tawv nqaij;
• kom nyob rau hauv lub cev kub.

Cov cim ntawm puas yog tsis ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib nrab Torsion ntawm lub heev ntawm lawv ob txhais ceg yog tsawg npaum li cas. Tej zaum lawv yuav ploj rau lawv tus kheej thiab rov tshwm dua.

kab mob kev faib

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov niaj hnub Gynecology growths ua mus faib rau tej pawg thiab tej pab pawg. Muaj ntau ntau classifications benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav, txhua tus uas yuav siv sij hawm li ib lub hauv paus ib yam kos npe rau. Piv txwv li, lub World Health Organization muaj raws li nram no sib cais kev xaiv:

1. Epithelial hlav: serous, mucinous, endometrioid, ntshiab ntawm tes thiab li ntawd.
2. Pw ua ke qaum-stromal neoplasms: Tecoma, fibroma, androblastoma.
3. Kab cell hlav: dermoid cyst, ntawm zes qe menyuam goiter.
4. Pob dab: ntau yam follicular hlwv, nto epithelial inclusions, endometriosis, stromal hyperplasia, thiab lwm yam gipertekoz.

Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum feem ntau siv sib cais pathological txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ob pawg: qog tsim thiab nto (epithelial) ntawm zes qe menyuam qog. Cov txawv lwm nta ntawm txhua tus ntawm ob pawg yuav tsum tau tham hauv qab no.

mob tsim

Qhov no qeb ntawm benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav muaj xws li:

1. Follicular cyst. Feem ntau cov feem ntau kuaj nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas nkauj. Cyst muaj xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug zes qe menyuam, yus muaj los ntawm ib tug siab muaj thiab yooj. Nws txoj kab uas hla yuav txawv los ntawm 2.5 mus rau 10 cm. Cov pathology manifested txhaum poj niam voj voog. Feem ntau nws yog los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ncua ua poj niam, raws li los ntawm yam mob loj heev los ntshav. Tom qab 3-6 mus ib cyst koj tus kheej disappears. Nws tsis txawv ib tug ib txwm mus malignancy, tab sis yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Tom qab paub pom zoo qhov kev soj ntsuam.
2. Corpus luteum cyst. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov qog tau li 3-6.5 cm. Clinically, nws manifests menstruations, scant los ntshav hauv qhov chaw mos, mis engorgement. Corpus luteum cyst yog tej zaum ntaus nqi thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub. Nws yog ua tau yuav tau xav txog cov qauv kev siv ultrasound. Qhov kuaj pom ntawm ib / ntau partitions, ntshav txhaws tsis tshem tawm. Tau kis tsim tom qab ib tug kev sib deev com.
3. Serous cyst. Ua ntej mus rau lub histology pathology yog feem ntau yuam kev rau follicular cyst. Muaj tswv yim ntawm ib tug ua tau malignancy, tab sis lawv tsis tau cov pov thawj nyob rau hauv xyaum. Serous cyst npaj los ntawm cov remnants ntawm cov thawj embryonic raum. Nws yog rooj noj elastic kev kawm ntawv, uas nws loj tsis pub tshaj 10 cm. Feem ntau cov feem ntau muaj o tom qab sib ntswg nws ob txhais ceg.

Kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob nrog benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav pib tsuas yog tom qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub qhov thiab ntau yam ntawm pathologies.

epithelial hlav

Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws pab pawg neeg, uas tso nyiaj rau txog 70% ntawm tag nrho cov benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav. Tumor yog tsim los ntawm epithelial stroma thiab ces dag lub cev. Lawv feem ntau yog muaj ib tug ib tug-ib tog ua cim. Nyob rau palpation tsis txawv morbidity, tab sis yog yus muaj los ntawm cov kev mus ncig thiab elastic taub hau. Ob-txoj kev xwm ntawm tus kab mob yog ntshai li tej yam txawv rau malignancy.

Cov xim, borderline hlav. Qhov no serous, txheej, tov thiab lwm yam chaw. Tom qab muab hlais tawm lawm, nws tsis yog txiav txim tawm qhov yuav ntawm relapse. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, borderline hlav yog dej num raws li cov uas tsis muaj-qib kev txawv txav. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, lawv yog kuaj nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais cov poj niam nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.

kev xeem

Diagnosing ntawm zes qe menyuam benign qog heev problematic. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv, thaum qhia meej ntawm pathological txheej txheem yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Muaj ntau tej Gynecology yeej paub hlav los ntawm palpation. Los ntawm kev siv cov qauv no, nco ntsoov mus rau chaw uasi thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam.

Yog hais tias koj xav tias ib tug pathology neeg mob hu ua pelvic ultrasound yog tsa. Nws yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ib tug transvaginal ultrasonography nrog rau xim doppler xeem. Qhov no tuav xeem txoj kev txiav txim cov qauv thiab cov loj ntawm lub qog. Tsis tas li ntawd muab ib tug ntshav kuaj rau kev txiav txim CA-19 thiab CA-125 marker. Nrog nws qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm malignancy.

Cov theem kawg yog xav tau diagnostic histological xeem, thaum lub sij hawm uas tus kws kho mob yuav siv sij hawm ib tug qauv ntawm cov qog cov ntaub so ntswg. Tom qab kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj yuav raug hais txog benign los yog phem txheej txheem.

nta txoj kev kho

Cov yooj yim txoj kev ntawm kev kho benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav yog phais kev cuam tshuam. Kev Kho Mob txoj kev npaj thiab Scope ntawm cov lag luam uas raug xaiv ib lub zuj zus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, nws muaj siab mus khaws cia me nyuam muaj nuj nqi. Tsis tas lub luag hauj lwm no yog ua si los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm hlav nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem no.

Niaj hnub no, feem ntau cov kws txawj xav laparoscopic phais. Benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog - yog tsis yog ib tug kab lus. Nrog raws sij hawm kev kho mob rau kev pab kho mob tau khaws cia deev muaj nuj nqi. Qhov no pab txoj kev yog yus muaj los ntawm cov uas tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem, thiab kev ncaj ncees lub sij hawm kis tau sai sai txaus.

Yog hais tias laparoscopy yuav tsis raug muab tso oophorectomy. Qhov no lub lag luam implies ib tug ua tiav oophorectomy nrog laus neoplasm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub resection ho tsub kom qhov uas yuav ntxiv lawm tshob nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob ntawm cov benign ntawm zes qe menyuam hlav nyob rau hauv no yav tas yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv huab mob. Thaum muab ob npaug rau-mog localization ntawm lub pathological kev nqa pangisterektomiya - ib lub lag luam nyob rau hauv uas lub tsev menyuam yog muab tshem tawm nrog appendages.

Tej zaum hlav yog kuaj nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub cov poj niam. Qhov zoo ces, tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj, thiab tsuas yog 0.4% ntawm cov neeg. Lub ntsiab indications phais thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub - ib tug benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog ntawm 10 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Phais yog ua xwb kuv los yog II peb lub hlis.

tau teeb meem

Thaum nrhiav kom tau ntawm hlav nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob hais rau nws tshem tawm. Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev txiav txim yog lub siab yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem. Yuav ua li cas yog cov teeb meem ib tug poj niam tej zaum yuav fim?

1. Malignancy ntawm lub pathological txheej txheem. Qhov no yog lub feem ntau txaus ntshai mob benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog. Lag luam nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm pub rau peb kev cia siab rau ib tug tag nrho rov qab. Yog hais tias lub qog mob ntawm theem thiab kev kho mob yog pib lig dhau lawm, qhov yuav tshwm ntawm nws cov transformation mus rau hauv phem yog 30-50%. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj ib tug mob muaj peev xwm loj hlob mus rau hauv uas nyob ib sab ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Mutated ntsiab yuav kis tau thoob plaws hauv lub cev, yuav ua tau rau irreversible mob dab.
2. Tshuaj Ntsiav rupture. Qhov teeb meem no yog ib txwm nrog mob heev, los ntshav, thiab poob siab. Sai sai txaus tus txheem ntawm lub tshuaj ntsiav nkag mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov aseptic peritonitis. Qhov no yam tab kaum yuav tsum tau tam sim ntawd phais kev cuam tshuam. Txwv tsis pub, nws yog kom yuav ntawm adhesions ntawd endangers ib tug poj niam muaj peev xwm xeeb tub.
3. Torsion ceg mob. Qhov no yam tab kaum npaj benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog ib txwm poob nthav. Nws yog feem ntau preceded los ntawm ib tug cia li txav ntawm lub cev los yog lub cev qoj ib ce. Sib ntswg nws tus kheej txhawb trophic mob nyob rau hauv lub qog. Lub pathology yog nrog los ntawm mob mob. Ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav daj ntseg thiab tus mem tes quickens ho. Torsion ceg mob yuav tsum tau ceev lag luam. Txwv tsis pub, qhov ntau dua cov tsim ntawm necrosis, theem nrab kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Cov teeb meem yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau.

txoj kev los mus tiv thaiv

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau khiav tam sim no pathology yog suav tias yog ib tug thaum txoj kev loj hlob. Rau hnub tim, tej kev ntsuas rau nws tiv thaiv tsis tau tsim. Txawm li cas los, cov kev tiv thaiv kuaj mob nyob rau gynecologist nrog ib tug thaum uas tig mus US-diagnostics cia raws sij hawm ntes thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob tau malignancy ntawm benign ntawm zes qe menyuam qog.

Soj ntsuam cov tswv yim ntawm cov kws kho mob rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob thiab txo kom lub sij xyuas ntawm ib tug hormonal tom qab. Qhov no siv rau tag nrho cov poj niam uas tau mus txog me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog ib tug kws kho mob thiab nqa tawm nws txiav txim rau qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm normalization.