Cav roj rau diesel xyaw nrog ib tug turbocharger. Uas roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging zoo?

Tsim turbocharged engine rau diesel roj, manufacturers tau ua lub creation ntawm lub cev muaj zog roj av yog tsis inferior nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov respects. Thaum xub thawj turbochargers tau siv los ua rau kom lub hwj chim ntawm lub internal combustion engine nyob rau hauv cov cua Force nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thaum ntxov. Rau lub tsheb nws mus rau hauv loj ntau lawm kom txog rau thaum 1978.

Txawm li cas los, nrog rau muaj zog hwj chim pab lub cev muaj zog decreases. Yog li ntawd, ib tug tshwj xeeb cov roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging.

Tus ntaus ntawv thiab hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam

Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub engine raws li nyob rau hauv lub tso zog. Los ntawm tus kheej kheej, lawv yog raws kev coj kom lub turbine impeller, lub turbine rotates ib compressor. Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob ntawm no, tsis zoo li petrol xyaw, cua nkag nyob rau hauv kom siab. Lub volume ntawm huab cua nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej nce, thiab nrog ib tug volume peev xwm ntawm burning roj nce mus rau nees nkaum tsib feem pua.

Lub cua nkag mus rau hauv lub tog raj kheej ntau dua kev siv attachments - intercooler. Nws cools cov huab cua ua ntej nws nkag mus rau lub cav. Yog li, cov kev noj roj yog txo thiab lub hwj chim yog nce, uas yog tiav yuav luag tsis muaj ua lub tsev loj thiab xov tooj ntawm koj lem.

Nws yog tseeb hais tias cov motors yuav tsum tau ib tug tshwj xeeb ze. Nyob rau hauv Russia, ntau thiab ntau cov neeg tsav tsheb xav mus yuav ib tug uas zoo sib xws teeb. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub yuav ua li cas kom zoo zoo khiav lag luam yog cov turbo diesel. Xav txog ob peb lub tswv yim los pab koj txuag kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub tsev.

Cov roj theem yuav tsum tau tswj

Tag nrho cov motors negatively muaj feem xyuam rau cov roj starvation. Txawm li cas los, rau ib tug diesel cav nrog turbo roj plays ib tug tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm. Ntawm lwm yam, lawv yog lubricated kabmob turbocharger. Thaum cov kua theem yog heev tsawg, lawv yog heev yooj yim puas.

Yog li ntawd, cov roj theem nyob rau hauv lub engine yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li feem ntau raws li sai tau. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug tsis txaus, nws yog tsim nyog kom sai li sai ua li rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov mus nrhiav kom tau qhov ua tus ceev poob nyob rau hauv lub tiaj thiab kho nws.

Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm lubricating kua

Roj rau turbo-diesel yuav tsum tau ntawm siab zoo. Raws li cov exceptional luag hauj lwm nws plays nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub cev muaj zog, nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias tsis zoo yuav doom nws mus rau ib tug qeeb tuag. Tsis txhob hnov qab: tus yeees ntawm cov roj av xyaw yog txawv los ntawm diesel. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sib tov sib txawv viscosity lubricant (qhov no parameter, saib hauv qab no).

Lwm yam tswv yim nyob rau hauv lub lag luam los ntawm turbo diesel

Ntawm no yog ob peb lub tswv yim, uas tsis yog-roj, tab sis hais tias yuav tsum tau ua raws li.

roj zoo yuav tsum siab. Yog hais tias nws tsis yog xws li, nws yuav txhaws cov roj system, thiab lub hwj chim yuav raug muab txo. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub turbine yuav muaj mus ua hauj lwm rau siab kawg ceev, uas yuav txo tau nws lub neej.

Tsis peregazovyvayte thaum lub engine yog pib. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm cov neeg uas tsis txhob pib lub system (nres). Thaum lub pedal yog nias rau cov turbine load yog thov, nws pib tig, tab sis tsis muaj roj, raws li tus tom kawg tsis muaj lub sij hawm ua. Qhov no ua rau ceev ceev coj cov pob caus ntawd.

Nws pom zoo caij ntawm nruab nrab ceev. Lag luam thaum uas tsis muaj speeds rau ib ntev lub sij hawm txwv. Tom qab lub turbine yog tsim los rau cov loads. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm nws yog ntshaw kom nws ua hauj lwm, thiab thaum lub siab tshaj plaws speeds. Yog li ntawd boost system pib ntxuav, uas tsub kom nws pab lub neej.

Koj muaj peev xwm tsis tig tawm lub cav tam sim ntawd tom qab siv ceev xwmphem, raws li cov turbine impeller tseem yuav tig, thiab cov diesel cav roj nrog ib tug turbo twb xav tsis txhob pub mus rau hauv lub system.

Heev undesirable caij ntawm kaw. Ib nrab ntawm ib teev ntawm no ua hauj lwm yog txaus rau "tua" cov lub cev muaj zog, raws li qhov no tshwm sim zakoksovka turbine. Nws kuj pib los roj rau hauv lub thooj voos kheej kheej, uas yog vim li cas lub ntsiab lus ntawm piston pab pawg neeg yuav tsum puas.

Raws sij hawm txij nkawm yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau turbocharged diesel cav. Lub sij hawm ntawm nws cov zaj tsawg tshaj li atmospheric units, raws li high school loads yuav tsum tau ntau tshiab roj thiab tshiab lim.

Main yam ntxwv roj

Los ntawm kev yuav khoom cov roj nplua nyeem, cov neeg tsav tsheb xyuam xim rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm indicators.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj parameter yog lub viscosity, uas yog, cov roj tus txaus. Nws nyob rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. High viscosity Performance index qhia tsawg hloov nrog kub hloov mus hloov los.

flashpoint yog hu ua ib tug qhov taw qhia, nyob rau thaum ib tug khub ntawm kev nthuav qhia rau cov hluav taws flare li.

Ncuav point yog tus nqi qis tshaj thaum nws tsis yog kiag li loses flowability (yog soj ntsuam thaum inclination hlab).

Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, thiab muaj los ntawm ntau yam additives tshwm sim oxidation txheej txheem thaum tsim alkaline thiab acidic cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv lub laboratory npaj thiab analyzed tag nrho hauv paus thiab acid tooj. Los ntawm tej cim no yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm cov roj neutralization.

puag roj

Nyob rau hauv nws cov roj-raws li yog:

• mineral;
• semisynthetic;
• hluavtaws.

Tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau cov neeg tsav tsheb xav synthetics. Txawm li cas los, ib tug zoo mineral lubricating kua paug tau tiv nrog cov paub tab nyob rau hauv huab cua sov so. Tab sis mus ua hauj lwm thaum uas tsis muaj kub nws yog zoo dua tsis mus. Cov roj no yog muaj li ntawm siv roj av.

Ntawm no yog ib co roj rau diesel xyaw nrog ib tug turbo-them ntxhia raws yog suav tias yog zoo: Castrol GTX (ntau viscosity qib), "Lukoil Vanguard Professional lub LA", "Lukoil Vanguard Ultra", "Suprotec Active tsis tu ncua", "Active Diesel Plus" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Semisynthetics yog ib tug sib tov ntawm pob zeb hauv av thiab hluavtaws los luj. Nws muaj peev xwm twb tau muab siv thawm niaj thawm xyoo. Nws yog pom zoo kom hais tias ib tug semi-hluavtaws roj cav rau turbocharged xyaw: Statoil MultyWay, "Lukoil Vanguard", Castrol Magnatec thiab thiaj li nyob.

Khoom cua puag yog kiag li dag. Nws yog ib lub kim tshaj plaws thiab yog pom tias yuav tsum tau zoo zoo. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej tsis tau lees tias cov nyob rau ntawm cov khoom cua zoo heev zoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub hauv paus, ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam tsis yuav tsum tau suav hais tias.

Peb yuav kom cov nram qab hluavtaws roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging: ZIC XQ5000, Castrol Ntug Kev ua si nawv, "Lukoil Vanguard Professional", Plhaub Helix Ultra thiab lwm tus neeg.

additives

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub database, muaj tej tshuaj uas yog hu ua additives. Lawv cov ntseeg los txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov roj. Additives muaj ntau los:

• antioxidant hom nres lub oxidation txheej txheem;
• ntxuav - lim los ntawm lub engine;
• dispersants - tiv thaiv lub tsim ntawm nais;
• anticorrosion zaj duab xis tsim nyob rau qhov chaw tsis tau muab tsim xeb;
• anti daim ntawv ib tug zaj duab xis uas tiv thaiv qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov chaw;
• EP tsim ib zaj duab xis uas txwv tsis pub burrs.

Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog additives uas txo lub ncuav point, viscosity improvers, thiab hais txog. Kuv yuav siv tag nrho lawv? Ntawm cov hoob kawm tsis tau. Tsav roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging, raws li zoo raws li lwm yam roj, twb muaj cov kev tsim nyog Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog li ntawd, seb puas yuav siv cov nyiaj rau promotions tuam txhab uas muag - manufacturers ntawm additives los yog tsis, daws tau lub tsheb tswv.

kev faib

Muaj ntau classifications ntawm lubricating kua. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv viscosity chav kawm ntawv, kev kawm ntawv, seasonality.

Domestic kev faib muaj duas paub qhua. Tab sis lawv yuav luag tsav tsheb tsis paub. Feem ntau kev faib ntawm txawv teb chaws: SAE, API, ACEA thiab CCMC. Cov yav tas yog sau hnub tim, tab sis nws yeej tseem yuav pom nyob rau hauv ib txhia qhov chaw.

SAE

SAE implies lub siv cov roj nrog lub atmospheric kub. Nyob rau hauv qhov ntsiab lus teb, muaj rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov tsib kawm ntawv. Lub caij ntuj no pom tau hais tias los ntawm tsab ntawv W. Lub siab dua cov chav kawm ntawv tus xov tooj, ntau dua qhov lub roj viscosity. Cov feem ntau yog multigrade roj. Lawv muaj ib tug dual los. Yuav tej yam chaw tsim tshuaj paus pom zoo cov roj cav rau diesel xyaw nrog ib tug turbocharger. "Volkswagen", piv txwv li, mus rau yawm Castrol. Lub tswv yim yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm engine designs thiab npaj manufacturers ntawm tsheb thiab roj ua ke. Rau txhua chav kawm ntawv nws muaj nws nyiaj pab ntau tshaj viscosity.

Classification los ntawm diesel units API

Qhov no kev faib yog txiav txim raws li zoo: kev coj dawb huv ntawm impurities, tus nqi ntawm cov muaj hmoov quav. Lub API lubricating kua rau hauv cov nram no cov chav kawm ntawv.

S (Service), yog tsim rau cov plaub-mob stroke petrol xyaw.

C (coj mus muag) rau diesel xyaw ntawm coj mus muag thiab industrial hom, raws li zoo raws li ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tsim kho khoom siv.

Ob-tsab ntawv S los yog C, A rau L txhais tau tias ib tug qeb (thawj) thiab vaj tse theem (thib ob). Cov kev ua tau ntawm lub siab dua, lub farther los ntawm thaum pib ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv yog tus thib ob tsab ntawv.

SG / CD, SJ / CF - nws yog ib tug universal chav kawm ntawv rau petrol thiab diesel xyaw.

EC - nws yog ntau zog-saving qualities.

Cia peb nyob rau lub lubricating kua rau diesel units. Lawv haum nram qab no kawm:

• SS suited rau motors nrog ib lub teeb boost los yog tsis muaj xws li.
• CD yog tib yam diesel cav nrog turbo them thiab muaj hwj huam yuav tsum tsim nyog huab siab thiab antiscaling qualities. Piv txwv li, qhov no hauv chav kawm ntawv no yog tsim roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbo "Toyota Diesel", RV Tshwj xeeb.
• CE xav tau rau ib tug muaj zog turbocharger thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv heev loads. Nws sau raws nkaus Ii cov roj cav rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharger thiab ib tug particulate lim.
• CF yuav ua rau ib tug turbocharged tsheb tsheb diesels.
• CF2 - yav dhau los raws li cov yam ntxwv ntxiv rau ib tug ob-mob stroke diesel xyaw.
• CF4 yog ib tug paub version of lub CE chav kawm ntawv.
• CG4 thiab ib tug tshiab hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm CH4 sau raws nkaus Ii cov roj cav rau tsheb diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging, uas yuav tsum tau ib tug tshwj xeeb hnyav load.

kev faib ACEA

Qhov no European system, kom los siav ntau stringent uas yuav tsum tau rau lub cev muaj zog roj tshaj yav dhau los yog ib tug. Nws muaj 12 chav kawm ntawv, uas yog faib nyob 3 pawg twg:

• Thiab rau atmospheric xyaw;
• C - rau diesel xyaw;
• C - rau diesel xyaw, haum rau hauv lub Euro-4 qauv;
• E - rau coj mus muag diesel xyaw.

Cov zauv nyob rau hauv cov pawg txhais tau hais tias theem uas yuav tsum tau. Ntau cov txhais tau tias siab dua uas yuav tsum tau. Raws li nyob rau hauv no kev faib tawm, nws yog tau mus "xam" ib tug haum roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharger thiab ib tug particulate lim. Qhov no, piv txwv li, kua lubricants ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv C.

xaus

Raws li cov foregoing, nws li nram no tias koj yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm tsis, xaiv lub cev muaj zog roj rau diesel xyaw nrog turbocharging. "Hyundai", "Honda", "BMW" thiab "Mercedes": tej chaw tsim tshuaj paus xav tej yam roj hom. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis tseem ceeb qhia thaum xaiv cov roj. Lub ntsiab kev pom zoo, uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li - nws yog mus kis tau cov roj nplua nyeem rau cov tsis teev nyob rau hauv lub cais los ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Ces, kev kawm rau cov kev cai ntawm lub lag luam ntawm koj cov turbo diesel tsis tu ncua yuav pab tag nrho ntawm lub sij hawm tsis pub tshaj.