Cov ntawv ntawm lub manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" thiab "Charter rau cov nom tswv cajceg." Lawv ua rau thiab tau

Cov ntawv "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" manifest yog ib tug luv luv cai Peter III. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVIII caug xyoo.

Yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau ntaub ntawv teev tseg thiab luam tawm tsab lub manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble"

Nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tag nrho viav vias tsev lag luam ntawm tshiab kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim system thiab lub rearrangement ntawm lub aristocratic kawm ntawv. Nom tswv cajceg, lub yav tas medieval Russia nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau approximate mus rau ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm rulers yog nce poob lawv txoj haujlwm nyob rau lub xyoo. Cov tawm tsam nrog cov nom tswv cajceg txuas ntxiv rau ob peb centuries. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub XVIII nws yog kom meej meej pom tseeb hais tias ua nom ua tswv (boyars qub servicemen yards) ntau definitively tsim lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug privileged txoj hauj lwm thiab qhov yuav tsum tau rau PatientsÕ consolidation ntawm no qhov tseeb. Manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" (xyoo 1762 th) tso cov nobles los ntawm cov nyiaj npaj mus rau tim lub xeev tub rog kev pab cuam. Lawv raug tso cai rau dawb do tawm hauv lub teb chaws. Txawm hais tias muaj yog ib tug disclaimer hais tias xws li ib qho kev khi yog tseem fwm nyob rau hauv wartime. Aristocrats uas mus txawv teb chaws thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv uas Russia yog muab kev koom tes, raug yuam rov qab mus thiab koom nyob rau hauv campaigns.

Cov ntawv ntawm lub manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" thiab nws cov txim

Consolidation ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg thiab nws kawg tsim raws li lub siab tshaj plaws aristocratic strata ntawm cov haiv neeg pib nyob rau hauv Peter I. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tus ntawv ntawm lub manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" tiav uas tsim nyog rau lawv raws li txoj cai raws li txoj cai. Tam sim no cov nom tswv cajceg hloov lub medieval aristocracy. Manifesto "Nyob rau kev ywj pheej noble" twb supplemented nrog lub reign ntawm Catherine II, thaum nws twb luam tawm thiaj li hu ua "Charter lub Lavxias teb sab nom tswv cajceg," uas tau ntxiv qee txoj kev ywj pheej thiab powers ntawm lub yav tas. Tam sim no rau tag nrho cov noble cai uas muab rau lawv rau lub neej thiab nyob mus ib txhis, thiab cev los. Tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Estates tau equalized nrog txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv lawv txoj cai hais txog ntawm lub siab zoo ntawm antiquity thiab mas yuav kis tau lub npe. Txawm li cas los, cov tib cov nyiaj hli khi mus rau lub nobles ntawm muaj koob muaj npe lub hwj chim, uas ua rau lawv nyob rau nws, uas, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, yog heev zoo ib yam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm meej monarchy uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov European teb chaws.

Ua nom ua tswv cia muab rau tsoom fwv ua hauj lwm, sau bureaucracy. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub kev cai ntawm cov tub rog kev pab cuam, cov ntaub ntawv kuj muaj lwm yam khoom. Nws kuj ruaj tag thiab inviolable cai ntawm cov aristocratic chav kawm ntawv ntawm vaj tse: av Holdings thiab Estates. Cov ua nom ua tswv twb zam los ntawm ib daim ntawv uas nchav thiab tej se. Nws formalizes lub neeg hauv chav kawm ntawv ntaus ntawv: tsim noble cov rooj sib txoos uas twb nyob rau hauv hauj ntsej muag ntawm lub xeev. Tag nrho complex ntawm cov kev ntsuas tsa tseem ceeb tshwm sim - tus tsim thiab strengthening ntawm Russia lub chav kawm ntawv-tus neeg sawv cev monarchy, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev nom kev tswv system rau cov teb chaws Europe.