Cov tsev neeg ntawm legumes - kev cai, lam, fodder thiab kev nroj tsuag

Ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm tus muaj ntawm cov tsis kub tsis txias cheeb tsam thiab lub tropics ua legumes. Qhov no yog ib tug ncaj loj tsev neeg ntawm flowering nroj tsuag uas muaj xws li hais txog 700 genera thiab tsawg kawg yog 17 txhiab hom. Nws muaj peb subfamilies: caesalpinioideae, Mimosa thiab ua tau legumes (npauj npaim). Nws cov hmab thiab grasses, cov shrubs thiab sub-shrubs, ntoo. Thiab lub breadth ntawm kis lawv rank thib ob tom qab cereals.

Cov nplooj ntawm no nroj tsuag yog feem ntau tsis tu ncua thiab complex: palmate, pinnate thiab ternate, feem ntau nrog stipules. Lawv paj yog feem ntau yog bisexual, lus thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv Inflorescences. Cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag leguminous muaj ib tug ncaj qha thiab loj kab, feem ntau tsis muaj endosperm. Tab sis lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lawv - ntawm chav kawm, Bob. Cov tsev neeg ntawm legumes yog zoo kawg nkaus yoog mus txawv tej yam kev mob. Cov haiv neeg yog sredoobrazovatelyami ntau tsob nroj zej zog.

A loj tshaj subfamily ntawm legumes yog npauj npaim. Nws muaj xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev cai, fodder, ornamental thiab lam nroj tsuag. Sawv daws yeej paub legumes xws li taum, taum mog los yog taum pauv tau tib yam. Qhov no ib xyoos ib zaug nroj tsuag, loj hlob lawv nyob rau hauv zaub qoob loo rotations. Lawv yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins, proteins uas, carbohydrates, mineral ntsev ntawm phosphorus, poov tshuaj, magnesium thiab calcium. Thiab rau cov zaub mov yog tsim mature thiab tsis paub qab hau noob ntawm taum, raws li zoo raws li cov tub ntxhais zes qe menyuam ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog plhaub taum pauv-hom hniav. Tsis tau lawv yuav tsum tau kaus poom los yog noj tshiab.

Piv txwv li, taum, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub legume tsev neeg, muaj ntau tshaj li 200 hom. Thiab ntau tshaj li 20 ntawm lawv yog zus raws li cereals. Tag nrho cov hom ntawm ib thaj nyuag muab faib mus rau hauv pab pawg. Yuav kom cov neeg Esxias pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li me me-seeded tsiaj ntawm legume (taum angular, golden). Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg muaj lub American krupnosemennye hom. Qhov no muaj coob-flowered taum, aquifolium, qhov dog dig thiab cov zoo li.

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm legumes xws li taum pauv. Thiab niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov teb chaws uas tsim xav txog nws raws li ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau pheej qoob loo ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st. Thiab loj hlob tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov continents. Teb chaws Es Xias generated ntawm taum pauv mas lawv tus kheej thiab siv. Zoo, hauv lub tebchaws United States nws rau lub ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam lub ib thooj ntawm cov noob taum. Nyob rau hauv Russia, dhau lawm, yog tsim lub industrial zus tau tej cov no cov qoob loo. Thiab nws cov ntsiab cov qoob loo yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub Amur cheeb tsam thiab cov Krasnodar Territory.

Soy yog ib tug heev tseem ceeb thiab tshwj xeeb cov khoom noj khoom. Nws muaj 45% cov protein ntau thiab 23% cov roj, raws li zoo li cov qab zib, carotene, mineral thiab pectin. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov taum pauv yog fount vitamins B, P, PP, E, K thiab C. Cov protein nyob rau hauv cov noob taum muaj 14 lub sij hawm ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv nqaij qaib nqaij, 3.5 lub sij hawm ntau tshaj nyuj. Tseem, cov proteins uas zoo absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, raws li yog dej-soluble. cov amino acid cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov optimum, thiab lub cev lawv ua tsis tau cholesterol. Lub kua roj muaj ib tug ntau ntawm unsaturated fatty acids, uas yog tseem yooj yim digested thiab tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm tus kab mob.

Rov qab nyob rau hauv lub legume tsev neeg muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm zaub noj grasses, xws li clover. Qhov no nroj tsuag twb tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 200 hom. Thiab ib tug ntawm lawv - ib tug clover Hybrid. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug fodder nyom, thiab ib tug zoo zib ntab nroj, thiab lam nroj tsuag. Cov av ib feem ntawm clover, txiav thaum lub sij hawm flowering, healers siv raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm bronchitis, tonsillitis thiab angina. Raws li cov txiv yog lug siv rau lawv tus kheej lub hom phiaj uas liab liab clover. Cov kua txiv ntawm no tsob nroj yog ntxuav nrog lub qhov muag ua xua, thiab nws crushed nplooj yog mus thov kom suppurating wounds, ulcers thiab burnt daim tawv nqaij. Raws li pej xeem cov tshuaj siv, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub legume tsev neeg muaj xws li muaj cov qoob loo, xws li sunn. Nws yog ib tug genus ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj xws li perennial thiab txhua xyoo grasses thiab lov tas vau thiab sub-lov tas vau. Thiab nyob rau hauv no genus muaj ntau tshaj li 500 hom uas loj hlob mas nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov thiab subtropical climates. Piv txwv li, sunn Sitnikov, uas yog lub npe hu txawm los ntawm cov npe xws li Indian hemp thiab Indian hemp. Los ntawm no ancient kab lis kev cai ua spinning ropes, hlua, tsaj, nuv ntses nets thiab sails. Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv.