Dai rafters: ntau ntau yam, installation

Nyob rau hauv txhua kev siv ntawm cov feem ntau tseem ceeb kauj ruam yog los tsim ib tug ru tsev. Nws tso nyiaj rau tus neeg kho tshuab siab ntawm cov snow nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, tseem ceeb cua loads thiab cov nyhuv ntawm nag lossis daus. Uas yog vim li cas lub-ru tsev ntawm lub tsim txoj kev yuav tsum tau ceev faj saib xyuas thiab tua ntawm tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm nrog cov utmost precision thiab raug.

sib txawv

Cov kev siv ntawm lub-ru tsev, raws li zoo raws li feem ntau ntawm cov lwm yam hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev yog muab faib ua ob peb theem. Tus ntaus ntawv ntawm dai rafters yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias truss nyob rau kev siv technology tshiab yam ntxwv ntawm lub system tej zaum yuav txawv ho.

Lub ntsiab sib txawv yog lub embodiment ntawm lub dai nyiaj yug ntsiab nyob rau hauv structural mauerlat txhua lwm yam thiab hauv qab no los yog nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub caj ib feem. Hais tias yog, lawv yog nyob tsis muaj tus ntsug kev txhawb nqa, tsis muaj uas nws ua tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm naslonnoy system.

Nws yog tsim nyog rau siv xws li ib tug embodiment nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm kev coj tus kheej nrog cov phab ntsa nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Nws yog tseem tau mus siv, yog tias tsim nyog, siv cov nthab qhov chaw. Raws li ib qho piv txwv kev siv ntawm ib tug mansard ru tsev.

Tus tsim ntawm dai rafters yog nyob rau vaj tse phab ntsa bursting txhua yam load - nws yog inevitable nqi ntawm tsis tuaj kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov ntsug kev txhawb zog. Yog li ntawd, kev kho ntawm xws li ib tug truss system yog tsis muaj thiaj li hu ua Screed. Nws yog ib tug horizontally muab tso rau lub caij overtighten lub rafters, ua tsaug rau qhov no phab ntsa no yuav dua kev nyuaj siab tawg tas. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub txo theem ntawm cov Screed los ua ke tsub kom miv nyuas siv zug.

meej mom

Truss system, tau nrog ib tug dai arrangement, muaj ib tug ntau ntawm zoo ua hauj lwm tau zoo. Zoo thiab competent tiav muab txaus ru tsev zog thiab kom tsis txhob muaj tej yam loads sib sib zog tsa rau nws. Piv nrog rau naslonnoy system, nws muaj tsawg luj, uas thiaj li tag nrho cov load rau ntawm cov phab ntsa lug thiab, ntsig txog, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev.

Los ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm tsawg yam tsawg cov ntaub ntawv uas yog yuav tsum tau mus tsim lub dai trusses.

Naslonnye thiab dai rafters

Yog hais tias lub tsev muaj ib tug capital puab phab ntsa, feem ntau siv naslonnaya system nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub-ru tsev raws li ib tug cov nyiaj them yug qauv. Nws muaj ib tug tseem ceeb sib txawv yog tias nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug ntxiv nrog caij muaj tseem ceeb nyob rau sab los yog lub puab kabmob phab ntsa. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub load yog pauv mus rau lub hloov lwm lub tsev tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub khoov. Cov qhov zoo ntawm no kev tsim kho, nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev nws kuj tsis tshua muaj qhov hnyav, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau siv ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas rau kev tsim kho.

Rau tej tus neeg mob, piv txwv li nyob rau hauv lub lwm ntawm ib tug ru tsev li ob peb spans, yuav tsum tau tus simultaneous siv ob naslonnyh systems thiab ncua kev kawm ntawv. Rafters, naslonnoy qauv ntshav nyob rau hauv no embodiment yog siv nyob rau hauv hais tias ib feem ntawm lub tsev nyob qhov twg muaj yog domestic kev pab txhawb nqa, ntsig txog, nyob qhov twg lawv ua tsis tau, hauv lwm system.

theem ntawm erection

Tom qab kev txiav txim hom trusses yuav npaum li cas rau lub sij siv. Yuav pib, ib tug schematic kos duab yog ua. Nws yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau sau tseg hais tias nws yog ntshaw kom haj yam tso siab cov tub txawg, vim hais tias nws muaj tus tsim nyog kev txawj ntse thiab kev nyob rau hauv daim teb no. Muab tso ua ke ntawm suav nyob rau theem ntawm cov sau - ib tug theej yus kev ua si txij li thaum lub tsim yuav ua uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua mus rau tom qab hloov lub sam xeeb ntawm lub ru tsev system los yog mus rau nws puas tsuaj.

Thaum ntawm daim duab no yog tsim, nws pib ua ntxiv kev pab raws qib, xws li installation mauerlat. Haum rau no ntoo kab teeb muaj ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm 20x20 cm, nws yog muab tso rau hauv lub puag ncig phab ntsa thiab muaj zog. Koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau lub fact tias rau mauerlat xav tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo, yog li ib tug tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv uas yog mounted nyob rau hauv nws, piv txwv li, vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas.

Thaum uas siv cov ib ntu los yog av ci rau lub erection ntawm phab ntsa, yuav tsum tau ua lub leveling ntawm lub pob zeb ua Screed nyob rau periphery thereof, thiab xwb ces yuav muab tso rau mauerlat.

Raws li cov khoom siv rau lub rafters yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv ib tug ntoo thaiv nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem 20X5 cm. Yog hais tias yuav tsum tau, nws pom tawm mus rau ib tug haum ntev, nrog rau cov qis sab ntawm tshwj xeeb kev txiav nyiaj no yog ua los xyuas kom meej tias lawv tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug khoom mauerlat.

Dai rafters yuav ntsia siv ib caj uas imparts ntxiv ntxwv rigidity. Nyob rau hauv Workers lub-ru tsev trusses tsis muaj kev twb kev txuas mus rau lub sab qaum kev ib yuav tsum tau ua nrog rau qhov ua kom pom tseeb thiab tsis overlapped.

Muaj ob mounting kev xaiv: installation ntawm thawj ob txheej officers ntawm taw nrog ib tug caj, thiab ces muab tso rau tus so, yog nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim. Ntau dua yog thawj embodiment, txij li thaum vim nws muaj peev xwm muab tau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm cov nyiaj khaws tseg raws li zoo raws li ib tug ntau txhim khu kev qha tsim, ruaj khov rau ntau yam hauj lwm hnyav.

Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm puffs siv tib cov ntaub ntawv uas raws li rau qhov rafters. Zawm mounted nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm. Raws li sau tseg ua ntej lawm, tus qis nws qhov chaw nyob, lub zoo dua yog nws tus yam ntxwv. Nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov no tseeb, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb yog tias koj npaj mus ua hauj lwm rau saum nthab qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm ib tug haum loj ntoo los ua ib tug zawm yuav thov ntiv tes sib koom cutter.

Dai rafters: tus tsim thiab Cheebtsam

Thaum txhim kho qhov kev ncua system yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev ntawm txuas ntshav. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus fastening nrog screws los yog rau tes, yuav tsum tau tam sim no compound los ntawm ceev thiab bolts, qhov yog drilled rau lub hom phiaj no nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw.

Nws yog yuav tsum tau khiav hauj txiav. Rau txhua compound truss system ntsiab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tsawg kawg yog ob khawm ris ntsiab. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ob zawm fastening screws los yog rau tes, raws li los ntawm lub attraction ntawm threaded pas nrig.

ntaub ntsiab

Thaum lub system yog ntsia dai rafters, nws yog ib nqi nco ntsoov txog lub tsim ntawm eaves. Nws yog ntshaw tias qhov ntev ntawm lawv Ameslikas nteg nyob rau hauv lub loj ntawm rafters, tab sis tus nqi ntawm kev tsim kho vim rau qhov cov kev nce. Yuav kom nyiaj txiag raug overhangs thov edged board, uas nws tsis comprise 10x5 cm. Tsim therefrom "kooj", lawv ntev yuav tsum tau xaiv thiaj li mus sib tshooj nyob rau hauv lub rafters nyob rau sab saum toj yog yam tsawg kawg 50 cm. Khawm ris los ntawm threaded qhov chaw .

Nyob rau hauv mauerlat tua txiav yuav tsum tau loj rau tighter kev twb kev txuas. Rau imparting nce txhua yam dag lub zog ntawm qhov nruab nrab "kooj" kuj tsau siv bar me me luaj li cas, uas yog tsau nyob rau sab ntawm lub eaves thiab lub Upper ib feem mauerlat.

Tiabsis cov trusses nqa overlapping thiab taub qab. Nyob rau hauv thawj embodiment, lub dai rafters yog tsau rau txhua lwm yam los ntawm bolting. Qhov thib ob quab yuam o txuas phiaj, uas yog pab raws li ib tug hlau phaj los yog lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib.

Cornice compound trusses thiab zawm pob caus yog ua orthogonal frontal notching muaj ib zaug xwb los yog ob hniav, raws li zoo raws li daim hlau los yog cov laug cam.

Articulated voos koov

Xws li ib tug embodiment ntawm lub truss rafters yog ib qho yooj yim. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub arches rau peb hais: ib tug kab rov tav beam (zawm) uas fixes cov dai saib ntsoov txog cov rafters nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los yog nyob rau lub hauv qab, thiab ob tug sloping rafters ob txhais ceg ua ke nyob rau sab saum toj. Zawm tsim los ntawm steel rods los yog ntoo kab teeb, yuav siv sij hawm tshaj lub biasing quab yuam li kis tau mus rau lub txheej phab ntsa ntawm ib ntsug load ntawm lub tsev. Vim rau qhov no, nws yuav yooj yim npaum li mus ua liaj ua teb pab txhawb nqa seem nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa qauv: nws yog mounted rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub niaj zaus mauerlat board, uas yog siv los redistribute uas twb muaj lawm load.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub rafters yog muab tso rau zawm qhov yuav tsum tau los tsim ib lub nthab pem teb. Nws yog siv rau cov yuav txhawb tau lub intermediate plag tsev. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam teeb meem, zawm yog mounted ntawm ib tug siab dua theem. Yog li ntawd ua tus tensile kev nyuaj siab uas ntog rau nws, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub luv trusses txo dabtsi yog khoov rog.

articulated koov nrog ntsia liaj qhov rooj

Qhov no ua liaj ua teb yog visually zoo li ib tug Gable ru tsev nrog dai rafters, raws li tau piav saum toj no, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug daim duab peb sab. Lub ntsiab sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv lub siv them nyiaj yug nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa. Lub transom koov foundation rafters tsau nyob rau hauv lub grooves, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv mauerlat. Nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus ntsug rog kuj tuaj thiab taub txuas. Lub midspan mounted zawm (nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, nws yog hu ua tuag ntsia liaj qhov rooj) thiab yog siv rau cov compression. Raws li ib tug tsim nyog tau, yooj yim mount rafters thiab kab teeb.

Koov articulated ncua kev kawm ntawv

Yog hais tias lub dai ru tsev rafters muaj ib tug dav ntawm ntau tshaj 6 m, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj txaus rau equip ib tug yooj yim peb-lub caij ua liaj ua teb. Firstly, rau zus tau tej cov zawm ntawm no loj yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau lub sij hawm searching bar. Secondly, ntev es nqus zaum ob sags nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub hnyav hnyav. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ncua yog siv raws li ib tug ntxiv koov - ib yam uas combines zawm qhov chaw thiab lub sab saum toj ntawm tus thawj. Lub zawm caij yog muaj li ntawm ob qhov chaw, los ntawm bolting. Ntoo ncua kev kawm ntawv yog feem ntau xa mus rau nws pog, thiab hlau - tyazhem.

Koov pob khawm yam uas zawm hniav

Yuav kom txo tau cov deflection, muaj nyob rau hauv lub rafters, lub koov ncua kev kawm ntawv struts ntxiv, uas yog inclined ntsiab backwater rafters nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub luv. Yog li rau abutment lawv tus kheej ncua kev kawm ntawv struts siv.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no xaus nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev hais tias vim zoo tua ntawm cov nyiaj them thiab tag nrho tej hauj lwm, dai rafters los ntawm kev ua tau zoo yuav tsis tawm los naslonnym. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ruaj ntseg thiab siab zog, siv ntawm no kev tsim kho tso cai rau kom muab lub nthab qhov chaw, haum rau siv nyob rau hauv coj mus muag los yog lwm yam hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kho ntawm ib tug mansard ru tsev, qhov no truss system yog qhov zoo tagnrho kev xaiv.