Deciphering ECG lub plawv

Deciphering ECG yuav nti ntes txawv txav nyob rau hauv mob muaj nuj nqi, kawm ua tus nkhaus nrog rau cov duab ntawm lub plawv dhia. Electrocardiogram - txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov kev ua ntawm mob ua rau ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Nws qhia qhov hluav taws xob dab nyob rau hauv lub plawv mob, xws li depolarization - excitement, thiab repolarization - lub restoration ntawm myocardial hlwb. Electrocardiogram ua transthoracic, uas yog, los ntawm lub hauv siab, siv electrodes muab tso rau hauv daim tawv nqaij saum npoo, nrog ntxiv cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv readings rau ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv. Kom seev suab ntawm ECG muab ib lub sij hawm rau kom meej meej tsim ib tug muaj tseeb mob thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, los mus txiav txim raws sij hawm kev kho mob.

ECG muaj dluab ntawm cov hniav feem thiab slots. Pluav cardiogram - yog cov huab point ntawm tus nkhaus kab uas sawv cev rau Roman ntawv characterizing nram qab no indications: atrial contraction (P), ventricular lus (Q, R, S) thiab ventricular so (T). Barb «U» yog fickle thiab tsuj tsawg kaw. Theem - feem yog ib tug ncaj kab txuas lub uas nyob ib sab hniav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog cov transcript ntawm ib tug electrocardiogram nyob rau hauv lub PQ thiab ST feem. Piv txwv li, PQ contour kab tsim nyob rau hauv lub excitation lub sij hawm ntawm kev ncua nyob rau hauv lub atrioventricular (atrioventricular) ntawm. Team sib - ib tug ua ke ntawm cov hniav thiab feem. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ECG Team sib yog Team sib PQ thiab Q- T.

Excitation nyob rau hauv lub myocardium ntawm lub plawv ventricles yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov ECG QRS complex set, vim hais tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub loj heev atrium nqaij, tab sis kuj muaj cov interventricular septum. Lub QRS complex thawj kwv yees qhov luaj li cas ntawm tus neeg cov hniav. Yog hais tias yoj amplitude tshaj 5 hli, qhov no yog xws capital cov tsiaj ntawv Q, R, thiab S, qhov twg lub amplitude ntawm cov lus tsa suab yog me me nyob rau hauv qhov ntau, nws raug tshuaj me me tsab ntawv q, r los yog s. Deciphering ECG yuav qhov tseeb kev nyeem ntawv ntawm cov hniav. Barb R (r) -, txhua yog hais upwards - zoo hniav belongs rau lub complex QRS. Tej downward - tsis zoo hniav situated nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej hniav R, yog tshuaj raws li Q (q), thiab downstream ntawm tus hniav R - yog tus hniav S (s). Barb Q characterizes lub depolarization ntawm lub interventricular septum, heart attack myocardial infarction, thiab nws muaj ib tug ntev tob nqi. Barb R qhia depolarization ntawm lub ib thooj ntawm cov myocardium, thiab S qhia tau hais tias tus hniav seem ntawm atrial ua si ntawm lub interventricular septum.

Deciphering ECG lub plawv muaj ib tug tsib-point nyeem ntawv tshawb fawb:

1. Qhov tsom xam ntawm lub plawv dhia thiab mob conduction. Qhov no tsom xam assumes periodicity kwv yees lub plawv dhia, kev txiav txim ntawm lub plawv dhia (HR), lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub excitation qhov chaw thiab lub conduction yam ntxwv;

2. Kev txiav txim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob axis ntawm lub plawv pulses;

3. Txoj kev tshawb no atrial yoj P;

4. Txoj kev kawm txog txoj QRST;

5. Xaus ECG diagnostics.

Deciphering ECG lub plawv noj qab nyob zoo tus neeg pib nrog ib tug luv luv atrial yoj (b), reflecting cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ntawm lub ventricles nrog cov ntshav uas nkag mus rau lub sij hawm ntawm systole - atrial contraction. Nyob rau hauv no electrocardiogram yoj yog tshaj lub P-yoj thiab ces mus li, uas qhia ventricular systole. Qhov no ntxhab sawv (b-d) raws li cov hniav Q thiab txav mus rau kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm (D-e). Lub so lub sij hawm ntawm sab laug ventricle thiab lub siab yuav txo tau nyob rau ntawd, tus nkhaus sharply ntog (e-g), g point sau raws nkaus Ii nrog lub qhib ntawm lub mitral valve thiab maj ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv lub ventricles. Nyob rau hauv lub wake ntawm cov yuav txo tau yog ib tug taw tes uas ua raws li cov voltage ntawm lub mitral valve, thiab tus taw tes ntawm f, sib nug xov mus rau lub kaw ntawm lub aortic valve. Tom qab lub systolic yoj ntaub ntawv ventricular filling yoj (g-h) thiab qeeb lawv cov ntsiab lus (k-a). Raws li los ntawm rov ECG voj voog ntawm ib tug noj qab nyob zoo tib neeg lub siab.