EEA: tsim, kev koom tes thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov EurAsEC

European Economic Cheeb Tsam (EEA) yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1990s. Lub tswv yim ntawm uniting cov teb chaws Europe cia nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab minds ntawm muaj koob politicians ntawm lub sij hawm txij li thaum lub 1920 los. Ib tug series ntawm kev tsis sib haum raug thawb lub sij creation ntawm lub Union nyob rau hauv kev khwv nyiaj txiag rau ib tug es lub sij hawm ntev. Tab sis lub unification dab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas intensified tam sim ntawd tom qab ob ntiaj teb rog. Niaj hnub no, cov EEA yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib sector nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no kev khwv nyiaj txiag, tab sis ua tsis tau zoo rau lub EurAsEC (Eurasian Economic Community) nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub tsim ntawm ib qho nyiaj txiag union

Creation ntawm cov European Economic Cheeb Tsam yog zoo kev cob cog nrog lub tsim ntawm cov European Union raws li ib tug tag nrho. EU kev kawm ntawv raws li txoj cai tswj kev cai lij choj daim ntawv cog lus ntawm 1992. Tab sis cov creation ntawm lub European Union thiab Economic Cheeb Tsam twb preceded by ob peb disparate cov koom haum thiab cov koom haum ntawm lub tswv yim qhia los ntawm tseem ceeb politicians, sociologists thiab economists ntawm thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab thib nees nkaum caug xyoo.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1920 nyob rau hauv lub German xovxwm tshwm sim cov lus "United States ntawm teb chaws Europe." Ib xyoo tom qab, lub Austrian philosopher, advocated lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub yias-European lub koom haum, thiab ib tug ntawm cov senior ministers ntawm Fabkis nyob rau hauv 1929, hu rau cov pej xeem thiab lub xeev pab sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv ib tug European Federal Union.

Nyob rau hauv lub postwar xyoo, ib tug tom qab lwm, muaj cov tshiab alliances thiab koom haum ua teb: Lub zog rau ib tug united cov teb chaws Europe, cov nyob sab Europe nyiaj Union thiab cov European Union, Euratom, cov nyob sab Europe Free Trade Association thiab lub European Economic Community, uas yog precursors ntawm cov niaj hnub EEA. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov koom haum muaj me ntsis ua nrog txhua lwm yam, tsis muaj leej twg ntawm lawv koom siab ua ke tag nrho cov European lub teb chaws.

Tuaj mus rau ib qho system tswj ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej, tab sis nws tsis zoo tag nrho. Los ntawm 60 th xyoo ntawm teb chaws Europe koom los ntawm ib tug ntau ua lag luam thiab ua liaj ua teb cov kev cai, thiab npaj mus rau tsim ntawm ib tug ntsig txog union thiab economic reorganization nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws voj voog. Npaj rau ambitious politicians, tab sis nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd lub EEA yog tseem tsis yog li ntawd influential lub koom haum mus kav txhua yam ntawm kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv lub economic teb ntawm lub koom lub teb chaws.

Cov kev ua ub ntawm lub EEA thiab lub teb chaws koom

Rau hnub tim, lub European Economic Cheeb Tsam muaj 28 EU lub teb chaws, ntxiv rau Norway, Liechtenstein thiab Iceland - peb tug ntawm plaub (+ Switzerland) tug tswv cuab ntawm cov European Free Trade Association. Switzerland tsis yog ib feem ntawm lub EEA raug cai, tab sis lub teb chaws muab tag nrho cov cai thiab tes num ntawm ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum "European Economic Cheeb Tsam". Kev koom lub teb chaws kuj supplemented San Marino, Andorra, Monaco thiab lub Vatican, uas de jure yog tsis tog mus rau lub Union, tab sis vim hais tias ntawm lub koom haum nrog Spain, Ltalis thiab Fabkis yeej nyob rau hauv lub EEA. Daim ntawv teev cov neeg koom tau undergone me ntsis kev hloov txij li thaum lub inception ntawm lub koom haum nyob rau hauv 1992 thiab lub sij pib ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1994

Yog li cov nyob sab Europe Economic Cheeb Tsam muaj xws li nyob rau hauv nws cov tswv cuab:

• EU lub teb chaws: Great teb chaws Aas Kiv, tim Nkij teb chaws, lub teb chaws Yelemees, Austria, Hungary, Denmark, Ltalis, Ireland, Spain, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, lub Netherlands, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Slovenia, Fabkis, Finland , Croatia, lub Czech koom pheej thiab Sweden;
• peb States Free Trade Association: Norway, Liechtenstein thiab Iceland;
• Andorra, Vatican, Monaco thiab San Marino, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub EEA xwb ib thaj nyuag, muaj txoj cai thiab cov luag num ntawm cov neeg States (tshwj tsis yog rau hauv txoj cai ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm cov teb chaws mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib co EU lub teb chaws).

Lub koom haum aims ntawm kev tsim kom muaj thiab tswj ib qho kev ua lag luam uas muab rau: free trade thiab kev pab cuam, free zog ntawm capital thiab nyiaj txiag kev pab (nrog rau cov neeg ua zog). Cai ntawm cov European Economic Cheeb Tsam yog muab rau tus general nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem ntawm ib puag ncig, luam, kev cai, tswj kev ua hauj lwm ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab tej yam ntuj tso tus neeg, kom statistics.

EEA lub teb chaws thiab Russia, lub Eurasian Economic Community

European Economic Cheeb Tsam rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm yog vim li cas rau tsim ntawm ib tug tsawg kev tshaj lub EEC nyob rau hauv nrog cov kev lis kev cai Union thiab lub tebchaws United koom tes CAC (Central teb chaws Es Xias).

Txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm nyiaj txiag kev koom tes thiab cov tsev lag luam ntawm cov lag luam tawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb lub hom phiaj, uas txo nws hwj lub European Economic Cheeb Tsam. Russia nyob rau hauv pab pawg nrog Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Tajikistan thiab Uzbekistan (nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 2006 mus rau 2008), raws li zoo raws li observer lub xeev, uas nyob rau ntau lub sij hawm twb Ukraine, Moldova thiab Armenia, cov ntaub ntawv cov kev lis kev cai ciam teb rau lwm thiab tsim ntau tariffs, nqi thiab txawv teb chaws nyiaj txiag txoj cai.

EurAsEC tej zaum objectively ntau dua European Economic Cheeb Tsam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog daim ntawv siv rau cov ntaub ntawv raw, natural resources thiab cov pej xeem tau. Lub zeem muag rau ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Eurasian Economic Community thiab kev lis kev cai Union, raws li zoo raws li United koom tes CAC ntau npaum li cas optimistic tshaj saib lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm cov European lub koom haum. European Economic Cheeb Tsam yog ib tug raug kaw daim ntawv no, thaum lub sij hawm EEC - ib qho qhib lub koom haum, uas yog lub paj ntawm ntau lub teb chaws (tsis tsuas cov qub Soviet Union).