Electrochemical xeb

Electrochemical xeb - nws yog lub feem ntau ntau hom kev ua txhaum ntawm cov hlau qauv kev ntseeg siab. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog immersion ntawm ib sab mus rau hauv lub ntsha. Feem ntau nws yog txaus kom muaj ib tug nyias zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv cov khoom nto.

Electrochemical xeb hlau tshwm sim rau ib tug ntau dua qhov twg, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm thoob plaws siv cov kev thiab tsev neeg ntsev (poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb thiab sodium). Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no mus sai sai tshem tawm cov dej khov thiab daus los ntawm txoj kev. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, raws li kev xyaum qhia, cov kev puas tsuaj li no thov kom underground hlauv taws xob thiab daim av thauj.

Galvanic xeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuab, lug, li uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov av tej yam kev mob, av, dej (hiav txwv los yog dej), cov cua nyob rau hauv cov kev hom phiaj daws teeb meem, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lubricating, txias khoom.

Cov kev puas tsuaj yuav ua rau muaj mob loj leeb currents tsob los ntawm to ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm lub fais Circuit Court cov av los yog dej, thiab ces - nyob rau hauv lub yam ntxwv neeg. Qhov twg qhov rov qab tso zis (ntawm co nyob rau hauv cov av los yog cov dej), muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw - electrochemical corrosion. Feem ntau cov feem ntau stray currents yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg cov av tsheb thauj mus los xyaum (trams, railway locomotives rau hluav taws xob). Yog li, kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias 1 ampere ib xyoo yuav yaj 33,4 kg ntawm hmoov txhuas, zinc thiab 10.7 kg, 9.1 kg hlau.

Feem ntau nyob rau hauv txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm txoj kev loj hlob yuav ob peb yam tseem ceeb.

Electrochemical xeb yog ib tug txheej txheem. Cov hlau (los yog ywj siab cov ntaub ntawv uas) loses ib feem ntawm cov muaj atoms. Lawv (cov atoms) yog kis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions nyob rau hauv lub electrolytic tshuaj. Es tsis txhob poob hlau particle tshwm electrons uas them nyiaj cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsis zoo them. Lub ntsha muaj ib tug zoo xwb. Yog li, galvanic xeb tas ib galvanic ob peb. Lub redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ntau conducive mus inhomogeneity nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj qauv ntawm cov khoom. Thab plaub yam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm anodes thiab cathodes yog feem thiab tas mus li deformation, tsis muaj uniformity nyob rau hauv txheej hlau tiv thaiv films.

Soj ntsuam cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw thiab muaj peev xwm yuav nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Qhov no yuav tsum tau peb tes, peb khob nrog brine (ntsev, yaj nyob rau hauv dej), ib tug me me daim zinc, tooj liab hlau (rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm).

Tus thawj ntsia thawv uas nws txo qis rau hauv lub beaker nrog ntsev sib tov. Qhov thib ob khi hlau thiab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj (thib ob khob). Qhov thib peb ntsia thawv yog lowered mus rau ib tug thib peb txog ntsha. Cia rau ob los yog peb hnub. Tom qab no lub sij hawm, tag nrho peb tes xeb yuav ua kev zoo siab. Txawm li cas los, nws yog ib tug ntsia thawv nyob rau hauv lub phem tshaj lub xeev ntawm cov hlau, nyob zoo - nrog zinc. Qhov no txawv yog txuam nrog ib tug txawv hlau muaj peev xwm mus pub electrons.

txoj kev hloov lub peev xwm thov rau kev tiv thaiv cov khoom. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txoj kev yog tsis txuam nrog rwb thaiv tsev. Lub cathode (anode) yog siv raws li ib tug tiv thaiv txoj kev.

Yog li cov kev tiv thaiv cov qauv Raws Tsis Cuag Luag (e.g., av) nruab nrab, uas txuas mus rau ib tug cathode (tsis zoo them electrode) fais qhov chaw. Yog li, qhov khoom ua lub cathode. Nyob rau hauv no tib yam nruab nrab yog muab tso rau thiab qub yam khoom, attaching nws mus rau lub anode los ntawm ib tug sab nraud qhov chaw. Corrosive txheej txheem ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov laus hlau uas yuav ib tug anode.

Muaj kuj yog ib tug sacrificial hom kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub saum toj no, qhov no embodiment muab kev siv ntawm ib qho kev anode - ntawm lub tsuj taw. Nyob rau hauv nws cov kev siv raws li ib tug ntau yam tshaj hais tias ntawm lub tiv thaiv cov qauv, hlau. Nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab xeb protector ua cov hauj lwm ntawm lub anode (zoo electrode), thiab collapsing, tiv thaiv ua txhaum cai ntawm kev ncaj ncees muaj kev tiv thaiv cov khoom.