Entomology - nws yog hais tias science? Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm Entomology

Entomology - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov seem ntawm kev kawm txog tsiaj txhu. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm txawv tsiaj ntawm cov kab. Cov ntawv tseem ceeb yog Entomology. Lo lus nyob rau hauv no thaum lawv tseem yog Greek. Namely ἔντομον - "kab" thiab λόγος - "qhuab qhia." Muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kab. Uas yog hais txog 3 lab hom. Yog li ntawd, mus tshawb tag nrho cov ntawm lawv, xav tau kev pab nrog ntau yam tshwj xeeb.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm tshwm sim

Entomology - qhov kev kawm ntawm nasekomoobraznyh. Nws originated nyob rau hauv lub XVI caug xyoo. Nws los ua sai heev txhim kho, ua tsaug rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab ua liaj ua teb (beekeeping).

Muaj ntau ntawm cov poj biologists twb xav nyob rau hauv no science. Nws mastered Darwin, Nobel laureate Karl von Frisch, txawj sau ntawv Vladimir Nabokov, xibfwb Edward Wilson.

Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm Entomology

Mus txog rau ib nrab ntawm cov XIX xyoo pua, zaum tau kawm lub cev ntawm ntau hom ntawm kab, ua lub cev pob txha hauj lwm thiab lwm cov kabmob. Ib me ntsis tom qab, biologists pib los txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no. Lawv pib kawm kab, hmoog tsis tsuas mus rau lub cev pob txha thiab kabmob, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv tus neeg qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog ib tug tseem ceeb qhov tseeb.

tej qhov chaw

Entomology - qhov kev kawm ntawm nasekomoobraznyh hom, muaj raws ntawm ob peb seem:

• Theoretical yam kev lom txoj kev cog kev tiv thaiv.
• Nyhuv ntawm cov as-ham thiab yam rau adaptation abiogenous kab dab.
• Ethology.
• Lub neej mus ntawm kab thiab ontogeny.
• Entomofauna.
• Cov evolution ntawm kab.
• Pejxeem Entomology.
• Cov morphology thiab embryology ntawm kab.
• Theoretical me nyuam yaus ntawm tswv yim Entomology.
• Thaj tis.
• Systematics.
• Paleontology.

Hauj lwm ntawm cov lus qhia

Txhua txhua xyoo biologists koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los mus txiav txim yog vim li cas lawv yog tsim nyog thiab yog dab tsi lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb los ntawm ntau yam kab pib faib mus rau hauv teeb meem thiab pab tau hom. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, Entomology - txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kab, uas nws lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj yog kawm tau tus cwj pwm thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab kab, raws li zoo raws li qhia kom paub txog zoo txoj kev ntawm combating lawv.

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov kuv xav rau siab rau ib tug qhov tseeb. Hais tias yog, los ntawm tag nrho cov uas kawm Entomology, zaum xav nyob rau hauv ib co kab hom, uas tej zaum yuav lub ntsiab nqa khoom ntawm ntau cov kab mob. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, yog heev detrimental rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj tsis tseem ceeb yog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kab uas coj raug mob tsis tsuas yog tus neeg, tab sis cov qoob loo nroj tsuag. Qhov no ncauj lus kom ntxaws txoj kev tshawb no yielded nthuav thiab zoo tau. Tu tub tu kiv muaj cai cab thiab t. D.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau nqa tawm tswv yim ntsuas tsom ntawm combating hais tias kab. Peb siv cov kev txawj ntse ntawm daim ntawv no thiab txoj kev ntawm lub neej ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov kab. Vim rau qhov ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws lom cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov tswvyim ntawm lawv lub neej, zaum twb tau mus tsim cov txhais tau tias kom lawv. Yog li ntawd Entomology - lub science uas muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ua cim. Mus sib hais thiab yuam kev yog ob txoj kev los tswj kab kab tau raug tsim. Namely tej txau nroj tsuag nrog lom tshuaj. Qhov no txoj kev txhawb rau cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab. Txawm li cas los, nws yog teeb meem rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Nco ntsoov hais tias, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, Entomology - qhov kev kawm ntawm beetles thiab lwm yam ntau yam kab. Kawm txog lawv yuav siv tau rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Cov kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau yam ntawm

Lub hav zoov ntawm Entomology, yuav muaj nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb ntaub ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv Magazine txog nws cov tswv yim muaj nuj nqis thiab kev loj hlob. Tom qab koj saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tseeb hais tias cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tej yam hom kab yog heev. Nws yog ib txwm nthuav mus saib cov tshuaj tua kab lub neej nyob rau ib feem ntawm kev kawm. Thiab txoj kev paub tau nyob rau hauv xyaum. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog entertaining yog cov soj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ob lub tswv yim thiab theoretical taw tes ntawm view. Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ntau hom kab ntau phenomena xws li cab thiab symbiosis. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj - nws yog thaum ib tug kab nyob hauv cov nuj nqis ntawm lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - sib nrig sib pab rau txhua lwm yam.

Feem ntau cov cab tej zaum yuav pom ob nyob rau hauv lub Diptera, thiab cov membranous cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis ib zaug twb pom ib qho tseem ceeb fact. Nws cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias ib txhia hom cab zaum yuav muaj nyob vim tej kab hom, thiab lwm leej lwm tus tej zaum yuav polyphagous. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj nco ntsoov. Muaj lub sij hawm thaum lub cab nyob hauv cov nuj nqis ntawm lwm tus neeg, thiab ces tus thib peb thiab thib plaub. Txog rau lub symbiosis, qhov no tshwm sim tau cai ntawm cov kab-rwg, ntsaum. Lub zej zog tau nyob nrog lawv ntau lwm yam kab hom. Lawv lub neej yog interconnected. Yog li ntawd, yog xws li ib tug tshaj plaws li termitofiliya thiab myrmecophily.

Cov ntsiab pawg ntawm Entomology

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ntau ntau kev cai. Entomology - qhov kev kawm ntawm kab - yog tseem muab faib ua ob peb pawg. Txhua yam ntawm lawv yuav muaj tej yam kev taw qhia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no:

• Private Entomology kab. Nws muaj xws li cov nram qab no disciplines:

- melittology (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm muv).

- Blattopterologiya los yog diktiopterologiya (kab laum, ntsaum).

- Dipterologiya (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm yoov tshaj cum thiab yoov).

- Gimenopterologiya (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm muv, nkawj, tus caij pylilschikov, ntsaum kab-rwg).

- coleopterology (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Coleoptera).

- lepidopterist (kev tshawb fawb Lepidoptera).

- myrmecology (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kab-rwg.

- Odonatologiya (dragonflies).

- orthopterology (txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tsev neeg kooj, kooj).

- Trihopterologiya (kev tshawb fawb caddisflies).

• General Entomology. Nws kawm tus qauv, evolution thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab lub neej ua si, ib tug neeg txoj kev loj hlob thiab lawv yeej.
• Applied Entomology. Nws yog ib tug science txog cov fauna, uas muaj xws li ob peb qhov chaw. Txhua yam ntawm lawv muaj nemaloznachimy cim. Namely:

- Forest Entomology.

- Veterinary.

- Kev.

• Agricultural Entomology. Nws yog kawm ib qho kev hom kab. Namely cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem rau cov qoob loo, nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg. Nws kuj kawm cov kab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv pollination ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
• Forensic Entomology. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws tuav ib tug tej yam kev taw qhia. Hais tias yog, qhov no Entomology - qhov kev kawm ntawm kab hais txog forensic science uas kawm hom uas tej zaum yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm ib tug txiv neej tom qab nws tuag. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, los ntawm kev siv ib tug txawv theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub kab ntawm blowflies yuav tau teem lub sij hawm ntawm cov hav zoov ntawm ib tug neeg tuag. Qhov no Entomology - lub science uas muaj tej yam kev. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus neeg tuag lub cev tsis muaj kab los yog qe, ces txoj kev tuag tsis yog ntau tshaj plaub teev dhau los. Thiab yog hais tias lawv yog, nws tua tom qab 6-12 teev. Tiam sis yog tias koj tau hnub ntawd, tias loj kab tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv lub cev. Tom qab 36 h., Lawv nce nyob rau hauv loj. Tab sis, yog hais tias ob lub lis piam dhau los, lawv pupation pib. Suav nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hnub ntawm forensic Entomology nyob rau hauv lub XIII xyoo pua, pib siv cov yoov kab qhia qhov tua neeg mob.

Institutions kawm ntawv qib siab, kev kawm no science

Cov teeb meem txuam nrog rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kab nyob rau hauv Russia, txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv cov nram no tsev:

- Moscow State University nyob rau hauv lub Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej (Moscow).

- Nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Entomology nyob rau hauv lub Far Eastern Ncau ceg ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences (Biology thiab av Science). Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Vladivostok.

- Cov Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences (lub koom haum ntawm Evolutionary Morphology). Nws yog nyob rau hauv Moscow.

- Lub koom haum. Schmalhausen. Nws yog nyob rau hauv Kiev.

- Lub teb chaws Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm Ukraine. Qhov chaw - Kyiv.

- teeb meem muaj feem xyuam rau cov forestry thiab ua liaj ua teb Entomology, kawm nyob rau lub Lavxias teb sab lub koom haum ntawm tsob nroj tiv thaiv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub suburbs ntawm St. Petersburg. Thiab raws li nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, uas tseem tom qab lub Soviet Union koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm muaj. Nrog nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum.

- Teeb meem nrog kev kho mob Entomology txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv tug txwv yaaj. Qhov no koom haum ntawm malaria thiab cab kab mob.

- Tsis tas li ntawd kawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv lwm yam tsev. Namely, nyob rau hauv lub German Entomological tsev kawm ntawv thiab lub Baltic lub koom haum coleopterology.

Ntawm cov ntau tsev kawm ntawv qib siab science teev rau tsib lub xyoos tau xaiv txog 25 545 khoom devoted mus Entomology.

Tsuas 5 tsev sau tseg rau lawv theem. Namely: University of Florida, California, Riverside Cornell, Davis, Texas A & M.

Lub Department ntawm kev kawm Entomology

Lawv yog cov muaj loj npaum li cas. Txawm li cas los, lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav tau tsim:

- Lub Agricultural University nyob rau hauv lub Kuban. Lub department twb tsim nyob rau hauv 1968.

- Nyob rau hauv lub University of lawv. University of Moscow nyob rau hauv 1925, tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm Biology thiab Department of Entomology tau tsim no.

- Nyob rau hauv lub University of lawv. Timiryazeva (ICCA). Lub department twb tsim nyob rau hauv 1920.

- Lub Saint-Petersburg State University.

- Nyob rau hauv Saratov lub tsev muaj kev txhawj xeeb thiab lub Department of Entomology yog tsim los pab. Namely, nyob rau hauv lub State Agrarian University. Vavilov.

- Lwm Department of Entomology tau tsim rau hauv Stavropol kawm ntawv qib siab. Nws yog ib lub State Agrarian University. Vavilov.

Cov koom haum muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv Entomology

Nyob rau hauv 1859, KM Baer thiab Academician Semenov-Tyan-Shan tsim Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg mus kawm Entomology. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm nws yog ib tug meej lub npe - "Tag nrho cov-Union Entomological Society."

Tej koom haum tau raws li nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Namely:

- Fabkis.

- UK.

- lub teb chaws Yelemees (Entomologischer Verein zu Stettin).

- Holland.

- Belgium.

- Russia.

- America (nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1867.).

- Philadelphia (1859 yog.).

- Canada.

- Ltalis.

- Cambridge.

- lub teb chaws Yelemees.

Thiab lwm yam entomological zej zog yog:

- Ukraine.

- Teb chaws Aas Kiv.

- Nyiv.

- Brazil.

- Argentina.

- Venezuela.

- Spain (Asociación Entomolóxica Galega, Asociación Española de Entomología, Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, Sociedad Andaluza de Entomología (boletín), Sociedad Española de Entomología Aplicada).

- Colombia.

- Mexico.

- Chile.

Tseem muaj thoob ntiaj teb societies: International Society of Hymenopterists, TEB CHAWS USA, International Palaeoentomological Society.

Ib tug zoo tsim International Union rau txoj kev tshawb ntawm Social Kab.

tsab

Cov yooj yim periodic Lavxias teb sab ntawv on hais tias science yog:

- "Entomological Review". Ntawm no comprehensively piav qhia txog lub subtleties ntawm no.

- "Tag nrho cov-Union Entomological Society Txim."

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov ntaub ntawv:

- Zoosystematica Rossica (1993).

- "Lavxias teb sab Entomological Journal." Nws pib yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv 1992.

- "Eurasian Entomological Journal" (2002), thiab lwm yam ...

Ib tug ntau ntawm systematic qhia txog cov kab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub multi-volume "ntawm Russia thiab nyob ib sab teb chaws (lub Soviet Union)." Qhov no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

xaus

Tom qab nyeem ntawv no, txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum tau teb cov lus nug tias kawm Entomology, yam twg nws muaj feem xyuam. Nws yog tsuas tsim nyog los nyeem kom zoo zoo lub foregoing. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus qhia yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov Web site no raws li "molbiol". Entomology muaj piav nyob rau hauv kom meej. Nyob rau hauv kev peb yuav qhia npaum li cas txog qhov no science. Nws yog fraught nrog ib tug ntau ntawm nthuav thiab pab tau rau noob neej. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - kom muaj ib tug paj laum nyob hauv cheeb tsam no. Thiab yog hais tias koj tau txais rau cov essence heev ntawm Entomology, nws yuav ua tau heev entertaining thiab qhia science.