Erik Satie: ntse heev los yog ib tug madman?

Ib qho ntawm feem ceeb thiab muaj teeb meem composers ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm cov suab paj nruag yog pom tias yuav Erik Satie. Biography ntawm lub composer yog tag nrho ntawm cov lus tseeb, thaum nws yuav poob nws cov phooj ywg thiab admirers, thawj fiercely tiv thaiv ib daim ntawv qhia, thiab ces tsis nws nyob rau hauv lawv cov theoretical ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub 90 xyoo ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, Erik Satie tau ntsib nrog Karlom Debyussi thiab tsis pom zoo raws li ib tug muaj tswv yim kev khiav hauj lwm lub sij hawm ntawm Cai Richard Wagner - nws advocated kev pab txhawb nqa xwb daug lawm impressionism nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag, vim hais tias nws yog tus pib ntawm cov thawj ntawm lub teb chaws kos duab rau ntawm Fabkis. Tom qab ntawd, cov composer Erik Satie yog active sib cav nrog xyaum nquag li Impressionism style. Nyob rau hauv prtivoves ephemerality thiab elegance nws tsa clarity, ua kom pom tseeb thiab linear rau cim.

Satie muaj ib tug enormous cawv rau composers uas ua los qhov thiaj li hu ua "rau". Nws yog ib tug nyob tsis tswm ntxeev siab uas sim tsis pom zoo cov qauv nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub siab. Nws coj cov neeg coob coob ntawm cov thwjtim uas nyiam kev tsov kev rog Satie nrog philistinism, nws bold nqe lus hais txog kos duab thiab music nyob rau hauv particular.

Early xyoo

Erik Satie yug nyob rau hauv 1866. Nws txiv ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug broker chaw nres nkoj. Txawm los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov lub hnub nyoog cov tub ntxhais Eric twb kos rau suab paj nruag thiab tsom zoo kawg li muaj peev xwm, tab sis vim tsis muaj ib tug nyob ze tsis koom nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag, cov kev tau ignored. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 12, thaum lub tsev txiav txim siab los hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob nyob rau hauv Paris, Eric raug sam xeeb kev suab paj nruag. Thaum kaum yim, Erik Satie nkag mus hauv lub conservatory nyob rau hauv Paris. Nws kawm lub complex theoretical kawm, cov uas yog tus sib raug zoo. Nws kuj kawm piano. Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub conservatory tsis siav lub neej yav tom ntej ntse heev. Nws throws ib zaj lus qhia thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov tub rog ua ib tug volunteer.

Ib xyoo tom qab, Eric rov qab mus rau Paris. Nws ua hauj lwm part-time nyob rau hauv ib tug me me cafe raws li ib tug pianist. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm xws tsev nyob rau hauv Montmartre, thiab muaj ib tug fateful lub rooj sib tham nrog Karlom Debyussi, uas twb nyiam thiab xav paub los ntawm qhov txawv kev xaiv ntawm tej yam yooj yim harmonies, seemingly improvising hluas tshuab raj. Debussy txawm txiav txim siab los ua ib tug orchestration rau piano voj voog Satie - "Gymnopédies". Musicians yog tam sim no cov phooj ywg. Lawv lub tswv yim meant li ntawd, npaum li cas mus rau txhua lwm yam, uas yuav ua Debussy Satie los ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais tej yam txaus siab rau cov suab paj nruag ntawm Wagner.

Tsiv mus Arkay

Qhov kawg ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo Sati yoojyim Paris nyob rau hauv lub suburb ntawm Arcueil. Nws coj ib tug pheej yig me ntsis chav tsev saum toj no ib tug me me cafe thiab nres leej twg yuav pib. Txawm nyob ze cov phooj ywg yuav tsis rov qab los. Vim hais tias ntawm no, Sati yog nicknamed "Arkeysky leeb." Nws nyob ntawm nws tus kheej, tsis tau pom qhov yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov rooj sib tham nrog publishers, tsis coj tus loj thiab muaj txiaj ntsim kev txiav txim los ntawm lub theaters. Tej lub sij hawm nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv fashionable voj voog ntawm Paris, cuag ib tug tshiab suab paj nruas ua hauj lwm. Thiab tom qab tag nrho cov nroog tau tham txog qhov no, Sati rov tso dag, nws cov lus, thiab cov heev ntawm cov suab paj nruas celebrities ntawm lub sij hawm, thiab txog kos duab nyob rau general.

Twentieth Century Satie raws li kev kawm. Los ntawm 1905 mus 1908, thaum nws yog 39 xyoo, Erik Satie kawm ntawm ntawv cantorum. Nws kawm pes tsawg leeg thiab counterpoint nrog A. Roussel thiab O. Sere. Early suab paj nruag ntawm Erik Satie hnub rov qab mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, lub 80-90-ies. Qhov no yog qhov "pawg ntawm cov neeg pluag" rau hu nkauj ua ke thiab hloov khoom nruab nrog, piano voj voog "Mob khaub thuas ua si" thiab tus naas ej "Gymnopédies".

Kev koom tes nrog Cocteau. Tus neeg dhia tes "Parade"

Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub 20s Sati luam tawm ib tug xaiv ntawm piano daim uas muaj ib tug coj txawv txawv qauv thiab txawv txawv lub npe: "Tus nees daim tawv nqaij", "Peb daim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug pear," "Qaug embryos", "Tsis Siv Neeg piav qhia". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws sau ob peb kev paub qhia lo, mas melodic nkauj nyob rau hauv waltz, uas tshwm sim nyob rau cov pej xeem lub siab. Nyob rau hauv 1915 Satie awaited ib tug tseem ceeb heev lub rooj sib tham nrog Jean Cocteau, playwright, kws sau paj lug thiab suab paj nruag critic. Los ntawm nws tuaj lub tswv yim los tsim kom muaj, ua ke nrog Picasso tus naas ej tus neeg dhia tes rau Diaghilev lub troupe. Nyob rau hauv 1917, lawv cov offspring - lub neeg dhia tes "Parade" - twb luam tawm.

Txhob txwm, thiab txhob txwm tshaj tawm accentuated primitivism yuam cai rau euphony music, ntxiv mus rau lub tau alien suab zoo li ib tug tshuab, sirens thiab lwm yam tsheb yog qhov ua rau ntawm lub suab nrov raug txim ntawm cov pej xeem thiab critics nres, uas, li cas los xij, tsis tau nres lub composer thiab nws cov associates. Music tus neeg dhia tes "Parade" yog cov lus teb ntawm cov suab paj nruag nrog, thiab motifs reminiscent ntawm lub melodies uas hu nkauj nyob rau hauv txoj kev.

Drama "Socrates"

Nyob rau hauv 1918 Satie sau radically txawv txoj hauj lwm. Symphonic ua yeeb yam hu nkauj, "Socrates", cov ntawv nyeem uas tau txais kev pab raws li cov thawj dialogues ntawm Plato lub authorship, tus me nyuam khi, siv lead ua ntshiab, txawm austere. Nws twb tsis muaj frills thiab kev ua si rau cov pej xeem. Nws yog ib lub antithesis ntawm "Parade", Txawm hais tias nruab nrab ntawm lawv lub sau ntawv yog cia li ib lub xyoo. Qhov kawg ntawm "Socrates" Erik Satie nce lub tswv yim ntawm cov phau, nrog los ntawm cov suab paj nruag, uas yuav pab raws li ib tug backdrop rau txhua hnub tej xwm txheej.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Kawg koj tibneeg hu tauj coob lub neej Satie tau ntsib thaum nyob rau hauv tib lub suburb ntawm Paris. Nws tsis tau ntsib nrog nws qub phooj ywg, nrog rau cov neeg uas muaj "Rau". Erik Satie sib sau nyob ib ncig ntawm nws ib lub voj voog ntawm tshiab composers. Tam sim no lawv hu lawv tus kheej "Arkeyskoy tsev kawm ntawv." Muaj Cliquet-Pleyel, Corey, Yakhauj, thiab tus neeg xyuas pib Dezormer. Musicians sib tham tshiab kos duab ntawm kev ywj pheej cim. Nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm Sati yuav luag tsis muaj ib tug paub. Qhov no yog qhov tsis them, tsis tham txog nws. Ntse heev ploj mus unnoticed. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-thib nees nkaum xyoo pua tau dua xav nyob rau hauv nws kos duab, nws lub suab seev thiab philosophy.