Eudemonism - dab tsi yog qhov no? piv txwv eudemonism

"Eudemonism" - ib tug tswvyim uas nws muaj nqis yog lus txhais los ntawm Greek raws li "kev zoo siab", "kev zoo siab" los yog "txoj kev vam meej". Qhov no koom kev taw qhia muaj feem ntau cov heev heev followers nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Cia peb xav txog dab tsi yog eudemonism, piv txwv ntawm ib tug neeg cov kev xav ntawm philosophers.

Kuv kuj xav mus ua kom ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo xws li cov ce. Nyob rau hauv kev, mus nrhiav tau tawm yog dab tsi sib txawv hedonism eudemonism utilitarianism.

Yuav ua li cas yog eudemonism

Eudemonism - qhov no coj nyob rau hauv ethics, qhov twg lub pursuit ntawm kev zoo siab thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ib puag ncig yog pom tias yuav ua tau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Tej tswv yim no yog cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb ntawm lub ethics ntawm lub ancient Greek philosophers. Tus thawj point rau hauv no coj mus rau lub Socratic tsev kawm ntawv, uas muaj kev pom tau hais tias tus kheej txoj kev ywj pheej thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm lub zoo tshaj plaws kev kawm tau ntawm tus tib neeg.

Eudemonism nyob rau hauv ancient Greek philosophy

lub pursuit ntawm kev zoo siab yog kho txawv nyob rau hauv kev theories ntawm ancient Greek xav. Piv txwv li, yog ib lub apologists ntawm txoj kev qhia - Aristotle - ntseeg hais tias cov kev txiav txim zoo ntawm siab yog attained tsuas yog thaum lub pursuit of virtue. Raws li cov philosopher, tus neeg yuav tsum qhia kev txawj ntse, uas yog cov bliss ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm contemplation.

Nyob rau hauv lem, Epicurus thiab Democritus xam tau tias yog kev zoo siab li ib tug puab sab ntsuj plig twj ywm. Rau lawv, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kawg. Lub richness ntawm cov philosophers ntseeg disastrous. Sami xav thoob plaws nws lub neej mus rau txaus siab nyob rau hauv qhov yooj yim cov zaub mov, unpretentious khaub ncaws, zoo tib yam li vaj tse, devoid ntawm lub me hwj chim thiab cov khoom kim heev.

Qhov tus tsim ntawm lub Cynic tsev kawm ntawv ntawm philosophy - Antisthenes - kuj tsis kav tawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau lub siab xav ntawm noob neej kom zoo siab. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis nyob qib qub nrog nws kev tshawb xav ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav tau lub cev thiab kev puas hlwb Library. Nws yog, raws li nws, yuav ua rau ib tug neeg nyob rau ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam.

Thuam ntawm lub philosophical lus qhuab qhia

Lub ntsiab critic eudemonism philosophy yog Emanu-es Kant. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov txij nkawm ntawm morality nyob hauv zej zog yog tsis yooj yim sua tias cov neeg yuav tsuas nrhiav kev los puas siab puas ntsws thiab lub cev siab. Rau no philosopher, lub ntsiab vim li cas ntawm virtue advocated qhov kev siv ntawm nws tus kheej cov nuj nqis rau lub neej.

Raws li manifested nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm eudemonism

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm philosophy eudemonism twb tsis siv nyob rau hauv lub ntawmv ntawm Fabkis materialists. Nyob rau hauv kev, nrov enjoyed qhov kev zoo tej lus qhuab qhia ntawm Feuerbach, leej twg hais tias qhov zoo ces yuav mus txawm lub feem ntau txheej thaum ub beings uas nyob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej yog nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm zoo tej yam kev mob ntawm cov hav zoov. Txawm li cas los, raws li cov philosopher, tus txiv neej yuav ua tsis tau txaus siab, tsis muaj kev zoo siab ntawm lwm tus neeg, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg uas peb hlub. Yog li ntawd, rau qia dub yog vim li cas, ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau kev kho mob txog cov neeg uas tau txais los ntawm lawv ib tug zoo xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav evdemonisticheskoy Feuerbach sacrificial tus cwj pwm ntawm ib tug nyiam tsis hla tus kheej kev zoo siab.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub theories eudemonism - nws yog ib tug heev nyuab tswvyim. Niaj hnub no tej tswv yim txhais tau zoo siab li ib tug zoo kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm tus neeg lub neej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj yog ib txwm muaj ib tug ntshai, tense nrog tawm tsam nrog nws tus kheej, thiab kev txom nyem uas tau tshwm sim thoob plaws lub neej tsis hais tib neeg cwj pwm.

Eudemonism nyob rau hauv Buddhism

Los ntawm evdemonisticheskomu lus qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv Eastern philosophy yuav xyuam xim ntaus nqi Buddhism. Tom qab tag nrho, lub ntsiab postulate ntawm txoj kev ntseeg no yog muaj lub siab xav kom tshem tau ntawm tag nrho cov kev txom nyem, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus - qhov kev kawm ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua Nirvana. Raws li cov lus uas tus Dalai las mas XIV, qhov zoo ces yuav tag nrho cov neeg, tsis muaj teeb meem lawv yog leej twg - Buddhists, ntseeg, Muslims los yog atheists. Yog li, raws li cov Buddhists, lub ntsiab kev taw qhia ntawm cov lus tsa suab ntawm peb lub neej yog lub attainment ntawm kev kaj siab lug thiab kev puas hlwb txaus siab.

Lub eudemonism txawv los ntawm hedonism

Suav cov kev qhia hedonic yooj yim lub neej tsis tau zoo tastes. Raws li yuav pom, hedonism eudemonism yog theories nrog ib tug zoo xws li cov hom phiaj.

Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug xa mus rau lub Ethics yog ib tug naas ej Greek philosopher Aristippus. Nws ntseeg hais tias muaj ob tug huab thiab tawm tsam hauv lub xeev ntawm tib neeg ntsuj plig: mos - kev lom zem thiab ntxhib - mob. Raws li cov hedonistic Aristippus kev tshawb xav, txoj kev mus rau kev zoo siab yog tau mus cuag siab thiab tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem.

Nyob rau hauv lub medieval lub sij hawm mus rau lub hedonism ntsia sib txawv dog dig. Western European xav xam los ntawm zaum nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev ntseeg. Cov philosophers ntawm lub sij hawm uas pom tsis muaj siab rau tus kheej cov kev pab cuam thiab subordinate zoo tshaj plaws saum ntuj los yuav.

utilitarianism

Yuav ua li cas zoo sib xws muaj xws li ce li eudemonism utilitarianism? Raws li ib feem ntawm utilitarian kev zoo siab yog pom raws li nqa cov kev pab cuam rau haiv neeg. Lub ntsiab tenets ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv lub philosophical treatises ntawm Jeremy Bentham. Nws yog qhov no txawj xav zoo kawg yog tus tsim tawm ntawm cov me nyuam yaus ntawm tus utilitarian kev tshawb xav.

Raws li nws hais, eudemonism - ib tug muaj siab rau kev ncaj ncees kev coj cwj pwm, uas yog tau coj tus loj tshaj kev pab rau cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj xov tooj ntawm cov neeg. Txawm li cas los, cov teeb meem qhov teeb meem no yog lub hav zoov ntawm contradictions ntawm general thiab private nyiam. Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem, tag nrho cov yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv lub utilitarian kev tshawb xav ntawm muaj kuab egoism. Raws li yav tas, ib tug neeg yuav tsum los siav tus kheej kev txaus siab ntawm tsim nyog nyob rau hauv relation mus rau pej xeem cov nyiaj poob haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kev txaus siab ntawm tus neeg yuav tsum ua ke nrog cov uas nyob lwm leej lwm tus.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Raws li yuav pom, eudemonism nyob rau hauv philosophy - qhov no yog cov kev taw qhia uas pom tau tias qhov yooj yim ntawm kev cai coj dawb huv thiab lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg tus cwj pwm hauv tus caum qab ntawm koj tus kheej zoo thiab kev zoo siab uas peb hlub.

Tseem muaj ob peb zoo sib xws koom tej kev qhia, nyob rau hauv particular, hedonism thiab utilitarianism. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub hedonistic kev tshawb xav, tsis pub dhau eudemonism, qhia Library thiab kev zoo siab. Utilitarians ntseeg tias mus cuag ncaj ncees siab yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau tib neeg virtues. Nyob rau hauv lem, raws li Buddhist cov lus qhia, kev zoo siab rau nws tus kheej yuav suav hais tias tsuas yog ib qho uas muaj kev tswj kom ncav cuag lub sab hauv thiab sab nraud lub xeev ntawm serenity.

Niaj hnub no eudemonism - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov me nyuam yaus ntawm tus thiaj li hu ua zoo psychology. Nws yog li ntawd cheeb tsam no muaj ib tug keeb kwm ntawm ntau koom tej kev qhia ntawm ancient Greek xav, thiab nws cov kev cai nyob twj ywm yam nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm.