European universities - zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kawm ntawv

Kev kawm ntawv txawv teb chaws yuav ua npau suav kom tau txhua leej txhua tus, vim hais tias txhua leej txhua tus paub yuav ua li cas nws yog muaj nuj nqis tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tiam sis kuj thoob ntiaj teb. European universities muab tej kev txawj ntse, uas tso cai rau koj mus ua hauj lwm nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam cheeb tsam. Tom qab ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug zoo kev kawm ntawv, tab sis kuj lub sijhawm los xyaum nrog txawv teb chaws cov kws tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lawv xaiv teb.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws universities nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe

European universities tsim heev high-zoo kev kawm ntawv thiab yog distinguished los ntawm lawv cov nplua nuj keeb kwm cuab yeej cuab tam thiab kev cai, uas tau borrowed lwm cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Cov thawj qhov chaw rau tag nrho cov kev muab rau kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub UK thiab xws li universities li Cambridge, Oxford thiab London College.

Luv luv piav qhia txog cov tsev kawm ntawv, peb yuav hais tias nws muaj ib tug ntau dua theem ntawm kev qhia ntawv, vim hais tias txoj kev kawm yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, muaj ntau leej twg tau txais cov Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb ntawm science.

Txawm li cas los, sib nrug los ntawm universities nyob rau hauv lub UK, muaj lwm cov neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv Switzerland, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Spain, Ltalis thiab Austria. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia cov Swiss tsoom fwv teb chaws lub koom haum ntawm Zurich School, University of Copenhagen, University of Vienna thiab cov Ecole Polytechnique nyob rau hauv Fabkis.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm European universities

Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv ib theem siab, ua tsaug rau nws cov keeb kwm. Tus thawj universities nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th. Cov xib fwb nyob rau hauv lawv twb npis sov thiab lwm cov kws tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm philosophy, Roman txoj cai thiab tshuaj. Tiam sis thaum lub sij hawm lub siab tshaj plaws lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis ua si xws li ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm, raws li ntau dua Italian tsev kawm ntawv, nrog rau cov Bologna txoj cai, uas nteg lub lub hauv paus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kawm ntawv.

Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xav txog lub creation ntawm universities. Ib tug neeg xav hais tias cov thawj nyob sab Europe university twb qhib nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 859 nyob rau hauv Morocco (Karauinsky University). Tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua xws li Morocco rau cov teb chaws Europe, xav tias nws mus rau ib tug neeg Asmeskas teb chaws, thiab hais tias yog tus thawj tsev kawm ntawv kev kho mob qhib nyob rau hauv Salerno (Ltalis) tsis pub dhau lub xyoo pua 11th. Tab sis muaj ib tug thib peb tswv yim hais tias yog suav tias yog ua tus hiob tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Paris, uas ua raws li ib tug "free tsev kawm ntawv" thiab muaj plaub faculties: kho mob, kev cai lij choj, artistic thiab Theological.

Tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv Latin, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia. Tej lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem kev tsis sib haum los yog pej xeem sib cav tswv yim, qhov twg cov professors nyob rau hauv cov hmoov txhuas tus cwj pwm, thiab tej zaum kuj Scholarios (cov menyuam kawm).

Cov kev loj hlob ntawm European universities

Historians ntseeg hais tias tus torchbearers cov siab cov tsev kawm ntawv yog cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Bologna, Oxford, Paris thiab Salamanca. Lawv yog cov zoo tshaj plaws piv txwv, qhov uas lawv qhia thiab tsim cov feem ntau feemxyuam me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab yav tom ntej geniuses.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txawv xyoo, Oxford kawm tiav los ntawm Lyuis Kerroll, Margaret Thatcher, Dzhon Tolkin, thiab kawm nyob rau hauv Paris Honoré de Balzac, Tsvetaeva, Jean-Pol Sartr thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lub keeb kwm tseem ceeb yog lub Bologna tsev kawm ntawv ntawm txoj cai lij choj, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th yog suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw ntawm kev kawm, qhov twg tuaj los ntawm tag nrho cov thoob teb chaws Europe, thiab Prof. aco yuav tsum tau qhuab qhia rau lub cheeb tsam, ces nws yog ib tug ntau ntawm listeners.

Maj mam nyob rau hauv ntau lub zos pib tshwm European universities, thiab nyob rau hauv 1500 muaj txog 80, txawm hais tias lub xov tooj ntawm tub ntxhais kawm ntawv sib txawv: qhov chaw thwj tim txog ib txhiab, tab sis qhov chaw tshaj peb txhiab.

Yog nws tau ua hnub no

Muaj ntau ntawm nws lub contemporaries, uas yuav npaj kom tau ib txoj kev, wondering seb nws puas yuav tau mus kawm nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, Yog hais tias koj tsis them ib tug ntau ntawm cov nyiaj thiab tsis muaj "kev sib txuas" nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Lo lus nug no yuav tsum teb unequivocally: European universities yog qhib rau txhua tus tsis muaj kev zam. Tab sis ib co tsev kawm ntawv ua tsis yooj yim vim hais tias ntawm lub high school yuav tsum tau rau cov kev kawm ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub lwm yam nws yog yooj yim, tab sis muaj tej yam tej yam kev mob uas yuav tsum tau ua li cas.

Firstly, lub European kev kawm ntawv yog sib txawv dog dig los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab thiab tsis paub txog lub Lavxias teb sab ntawv pov thawj ntawm Secondary Education. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej koj nkag mus rau Bachelor yuav tsum ua kom tiav ib chav kawm nyob rau hauv ntau dua tsev nyob rau hauv Russia los yog kawm tiav kev kawm cob qhia rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Secondly, koj yuav tsum paub ib tug txawv teb chaws hais lus, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv uas cov kev cob qhia yog npaj. Thirdly, nws yog tsim nyog los npaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab dhau piab rau kev txais neeg kawm (kuv cov qauv yog rau txhua lub teb chaws).