Fighter La-5FN: kev ua tau zoo yam ntxwv

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, ib tug tseem ceeb pab los yeej ua fighter dav hlau. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov German cua quab yuam tau nruab nrog xws li haib tsov rog machines zoo li "Messerschmitt" Bf 109G thiab "Focke-Wulf" FW 190A, yeej lub ntuj Soviet aircraft. Cua tshuab Wehrmacht ho ua tsis tau zoo khoom designers USSR, uas yog ib tug fighter La-5FN.

Yuav ua li cas yog tsis tau zoo tus Luftwaffe?

Soviet fighter La-5FN Maneuvering rau lub verticals thiab horizontals twb ho zoo dua lub ntsiab German fighter "Messerschmitt" Bf 109G, vim hais tias tom qab ib tug ob peb khoov rau ob sab yuav mus rau tus Tsov tus tw ntawm tus yeeb ncuab thiab yuav tsim meej hluav taws. Nws yog ua tau txawm nyob rau hauv yuav luag tib yam ceev yam ntxwv muaj los ntawm cov ob qauv-rival.

Fighter La-5FN tsis tawm muaj sij hawm los yeej muaj cov tsheb, thiab lub German "Focke-Wulf" FW 190A. Cov qauv no yog txawm ua tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv ceev. Nkag tau rau hauv cov tub rog fighter Wehrmacht FW190A-8 twb tsis muaj maneuverability zoo dua La 5FN uas muaj kev kub ceev cov yam ntxwv thiab zoo maneuverability, uas ua ke nrog tus tsav yaam puab paub muab yeej Soviet aircraft nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sib ntaus sib tua. Raws li cov lus qhia muab los ntawm tus German hais kom ua sib ntaus crews, ib tug Soviet fighter La-5FN mas suav hais tias lub feem ntau txaus ntshai tus yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua uas pilots Wehrmacht sab rau exceptional mob thiab kev qhuab qhia.

pib tsim

Nyob rau hauv 1941, lub designer ntawm SA Lavochkin aircraft Modernization LaGT-3 twb nqa tawm - ib tug dav hlau tua rog, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm tau ceased kom tau raws li tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau. Muaj yog ib qho mob ceev heev yuav tsum tau rau ib tug tshiab qauv muaj peev xwm ntawm tiv niaj hnub huab cua sib ntaus los. Lub hauv paus raug coj LaGG-3.

Nws tau txiav txim siab siv cov tshiab tshuab Kiv cua tshuab AL-82FN nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 1700 hp thiab synchronous dvadtsatimillimetrovye ShVAK rab phom. Nyob rau ntawm ib lub sij hawm, rau equip nws aircraft no engine designers tau sim xws li AI Mikoyan, SV Ilyushin, V. Petlyakov thiab AS Yakovlev. Tab sis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, nws ntes tau SA aviation tsheb Lavochkin.

Chiv lub cav AL-82FN tsis nce mus rau hauv lub fuselage ntawm lub aircraft raws li nws tau tsim rau cov qauv M-105. Tab sis lub designers tau tswj kom equip nws ob-kab radial engine khoom, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub txais hauv paus rau LaGG-3 airframe tseem unchanged tsim, geometry thiab qhov ntev.

Tsaug rau lub engine AL-82FN fighter La 5FN twb khees me ntsis lawm maneuverability yam ntxwv thiab ceev, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm raws li ib tug sib sib zog nqus khoov thiab ntsug Maneuvering. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub Soviet La-5 dvadtsatimillimetrovyh phom ShVAK enabled lub pilots nyob rau hauv cov huab cua battles nrog German tshuab yuav tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab offensive.

Cov kev siv nyob rau hauv tshiab engine tsim

Shvetsova yuam induction engine AL-82F twb siv nyob rau hauv xws fighters li La-5F (uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub aircraft tsiaj ntawv) thiab cov La-5FN. lub tom kawg tsiaj ntawv, uas nws belongs rau ib souped-up qauv nrog lawv txhaj tshuaj.

Raws li cov lus dab neeg, cov khoom siv ntawm lub Soviet fighter haib lub cev muaj zog yog tshwm sim los dissatisfaction nrog Stalin tus kev muaj peev xwm ntawm DB-82 nyob rau hauv afterburner hom. Lawv muaj txaus rau ib tug ob peb feeb. Thaum cov kev taw qhia ntawm Stalin yog ib tug xws li cav twb tau pib nyob rau hauv no hom, thiab ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum tsis tawm ntawm kev txiav txim. Nplawm lub sij hawm pom ib tug ntev lub neej - nws zoo tshaj 50 teev.

Qhov no kev kawm zoo rau kev sib ntaus los fighters. Cov tsim ntawm lub aircraft La-5FN no cav muab hwj chim 1750-1850 hp thiab txhawb cov afterburner hom rau yam tsawg kawg kaum feeb. Nrog ib tug loj Tshuag ntawm cov roj thaum lub sij hawm xws li ib tug tsoom fwv yuav tsum ncua.

kev soj ntsuam

La-5FN fighter yog ib tug ntawm cov kev hloov kho ntawm aircraft La-5. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1942 nyob rau hauv Lyubertsy lawv tau kom huv si mus kuaj, tom qab uas lawv tsim tau pom zoo. Xeem sawv cev impromptu Dogfight ntawm La-5FN thiab yuav Bf 109G-2. Tom qab lub sib ntaus sib tua twb xaus lus: Soviet fighter yog zoo tagnrho rau cov ua hauj lwm rau me me thiab medium qhov siab, uas yog tseem ceeb rau lub Eastern Pem hauv ntej aircraft.

Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, lub xeev kws muaj txuj ci Committee muab kev tso cai rau pib ntawm series ntau lawm, qhov tshwm sim ntawm uas twb tso tawm ib tug ob peb hloov ntawm lub La-5, ib tug neeg uas yog ib tug fighter La-5FN. Cov duab, nyob rau hauv qab, yog tus tsim nta ntawm lub aircraft tshuab.

Uas davhlau twb npaj?

Huab cua kev sib ntaus los ntawm tsawg qhov chaw siab tshaj yog pom tau hais tias lub ntsiab hauj lwm, uas yog tsim los rau fighter La-5FN, ntaus ntawv thiab tswj uas ua rau nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws qauv nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Cua Dag Zog Yuam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Cov hauj lwm zoo rau hauv lub ailerons thiab nce lub La-5FN surpassed qhov kev kawm ntawm cov German FW 190A-8, uas yog ho hnyav zog thiab muaj ib tug tsis tshua muaj acceleration tuition. Tab sis tus yeeb ncuab fighter muaj lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm maneuvers dhia dej nyob speeds siab mus ua ib tug sib ntaus sib tua tig mus tua fighter La-5FN.

Manageability Soviet tshuab muab hais tias nws yog los ntawm ib tug dhia dej nyob speeds siab maim nws tus kheej dhau mus rau hauv nres txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug maj mam nce. Qhov no yog ua tau vim hais tias cov La-5FN piv rau FW 190A-8 muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus nqi ntawm nce, uas tso cai rau mus ntes rau ib tug ntseg nqes hav ntawm ib tug German fighter. Ntawm cov tswv yim pom zoo uas tau muab lub davhlau xibfwb davhlau tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug kev sib tsoo nyob rau hauv lub ntuj uas muaj lub FW 190A-8, yog ib tug txiav npluav on ntev maneuvers thiab ceev yuav txo tau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, pilots yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug ntev lub dav hlau afterburner tsis yog raws li lub cav fais fab yog xam nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li plaub caug feeb.

tso cai ceev

Lub dav hlau mus txog lub ceev ntawm cruise lub hwj chim thiab afterburner. Lawv muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm siv tau cov kev xaiv thiab sib txawv rau cov av thiab hiav txwv theem.

• La-5FN fighter altitude afterburner yuav mus txog speeds txog li 520 km / h.
• Thaum lub hwj chim no theem Cruising ceev yog 409 km / h.
• AGL twb mus nyob hauv lub afterburner km deb. Ceev yog 540 km / h. Nws yog permissible rau cruising lub hwj chim, tab sis nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 2400 meters.
• Rau ib tug deb ntawm 5 txhiab. Meters cruising hwj chim twb tau nce mus 560 km / h.

Tsim ntawm lub engine, uas yog txawm peem rau nrog fighter La-5FN twb tsis nruj heev heev rau tus afterburner ntawm ib tug deb tshaj ob kilometers. Qhov no yog vim peculiarities ntawm huab cua channel ib throttle orifice uas tsis muab nyiaj pab ntau tshaj cav fais fab.

Fighter La-5 FN. yam ntxwv ntawm

Lub dav hlau twb co menyuam los ntawm ob Soviet thiab German, thiab British aviation tshwj xeeb. Fighter La-5FN twb xam tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau tag nrho cov counterparts ntawm lub Eastern Pem hauv ntej.

• Aircraft alarm tau tsim rau tsuas yog ib tsav;
• fighter hnyav yog 3.290 kg;
• qhov ntev (ntev thiab tis loj) - 8,67 x 9.8 meters;
• Koojtis Area - 17.5 sq. m;
• lub load rau ntawm ib tis ib square meter yog 191 kg;
• tsim nruab nrog ib tug hluas lub cev muaj zog M nrog lub hwj chim-82FN HP 1750.;
• nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 6250 meters ntawm lub tshuab tsim ib tug sib ntaus ceev txog li 634 km / h;
• kev pab cuam qab nthab (nyiaj pab ntau tshaj qhov siab) rau cov dav hlau tua rog - 10750 meters;
• nruab nrab climb - 16,6 m / s;
• Tso Tsheb Hlau Luam no yog tsim rau 460 litres;
• roj hnyav - 46 kg;
• ob phom dvadtsatimillimetrovye ShVAK yuav tsum tau equip La-5FN;
• fighter muaj peev xwm ntawm tiv foob pob load txog li 100 kg;
• aviamashina npaj rau mus tsis tau siab tshaj 930 km.

Fighter La-5FN. ntaus ntawv

• No tsim yam ntxwv aviamashiny ncaj qha txhaj roj rau hauv lub thooj voos kheej kheej.
• Es tsis txhob tso manifolds rau lub dav hlau siv ib tug neeg nozzles, uas muaj xya daim ib sab.

• Lub sab qaum kev ib lub hood muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb hood.
• fuselage Fairing tau nws txo qis, raws li hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb (lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau AS Yakovlev Yak-9) tau hloov lawm.
• Siv cov dashboard muab lub sijhawm mus nqa tawm sorties thaum hmo ntuj thiab nyob rau hauv huab cua tej yam kev mob.
• ib tug xov tooj ntawm enhancements tau ua, uas cuam tshuam rau hauv kev sib khi thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub alarm La-5FN. Fighter tau txais ib tug tag nrho kev txhim kho ntawm aerodynamics.
• Yuav kom txhim kho txoj kev saib dav hlau twb nruab nrog ib tug tshiab teeb, uas yog rau thaum muaj xwm ceev rau lub sijhawm twb supplemented legkosbrasyvaemoy zawv zawg ib feem.
• Cov kev siv ntawm Mans tus Tsov tus tw log. Nws yuav tau tawm thaum lub sij hawm lub davhlau, thiab thaum samoorientirovatsya rulezhe.
• Dvuhlonzhernye tis tau lub plywood sheathing thiab khaws cia duralumin automatic slats, uas los ntawm txoj kev tsaws flaps yuav sib txawv li 60 degrees, yog tias tsim nyog.
• Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov fuselage thiab cov keel siv birch veneer. Nws yog ib tug ntawm ob peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, uas yog Document plaws lub Web site.
• Rau mounting ib tug muab ob npaug rau-kab radial engine 82FN AL-tsim lub cev muaj zog-welded steel kav. Cav nws tus kheej twb nyob rau hauv cov hlab, uas twb ua tau lub tsev ntawm duralumin legkosemnyh panels. Qhov no yog qhia dawb nkag tau mus rau hauv lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv nws kho los ua txij nkawm.

Lub trimmed nrog ib tug dav hlau?

Feem ntau cov ntau ntau yam ntawm La-5 tauj aircraft qauv muaj khoom ntoo siv, uas tau raug tsis tu ncua lawm. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov ntoo muaj hluav taws kuj, lub dag lub zog ntawm cov khoom nws yog tsis txaus. Nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm La-5FN tshwj xeeb mloog yog them rau developers tiv thaiv tus tsav thiab lub engine. Ntoo twb hloov los ntawm duraluminium thiab hlau, uas xyuas kom meej teeb meem-dawb thiab txhim khu kev qha lub cev muaj zog lub lag luam txawm thaum fragmentation tau. Roj tso tsheb hlau luam twb tsis armored, thiab qhov no ua rau lawv heev lam tau lam ua mus tua. Ntoo tis spar twb hloov los ntawm ib tug hlau. Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus tsav thiab cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv dav hlau tua rog lawm pib siv armored iav, lub thickness ntawm uas rau pem hauv ntej ib feem ntawm lub alarm yog 57 hli. Vim hais tias cov khoom no twb manufactured bronezagolovnik (68 hli). Bronespinka raug ua los ntawm 0.7 cm tuab hlau.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm lub cockpit

Lub sab sauv hemisphere ntawm lub tsheb tav xis muab zoo visibility thiab all-round visibility. Pem hauv ntej visibility tau luag. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj-slung tsav. Khiav lub cav rau lub dav hlau tshuav ib tug loj tso plume. Tus tsav siv ib tug high-altitude oxygen system, uas yog ib tug ncaj-los ntawm diaphragm economizer (lub tswv yim npaum li cas los ntawm lub German economizer system).

Yog hais tias ua ntej lub kiv cua suab, dab, shutters, trims thiab lwm yam phau ntawv ntawm lwm yam uas ntau yam drafts - caj npab uas yog ib tug disadvantage, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua rau leeb tus tsav twb distracted thaum tsiv lub rods, lub La-5FN twb tag nrho cov caw kaw lus. Pilot tag nrho cov chav yuav yooj yim tswj lub kiv cua pab pawg neeg, firing cannons thiab tswj lub chaw ua hauj lwm, tsis nrhiav los ntawm kev sib tua. Control qib tsuas fais fab nroj tsuag, tus so tau txais kev pab raws li automatics.

Yuav ua li cas yog tus sawv?

Thaum lub sij hawm startup fighter pub hwj chim hloov mus hloov los muaj cai nyob rau hauv nws cov engine. Nyob rau aircraft khiav-up muab ib tug me ntsis kev ncua deb. Thaum lub sij hawm takeoff fighter tus Tsov tus tw nce maj mam. Piloting yog tam sim no tsis yooj yim vim hais tias cov kis los ntawm lub tsheb mus rau hauv av ntsia hlau yog me me.

Yog vim li cas stalling

Tej aircraft tshuab nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv thiab kev qaug zog thaum lub sij hawm lub davhlau. Ib tug ntawm qhov tseeb yog stalling. Yog tsis devoid ntawm no shortcoming thiab fighter La-5FN. Nta Tub Ntsuag kws txawj analyzed thiab npaum li cas mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim lub tom ntej no, paub tiam ntawm aircraft. Yog vim li cas rau hauv tej nkuaj nyug:

• Qeeb. Thaum retracted, lub tsaws iav thiab nrov plig plawg slats yog ua nrog ib tug ceev ntawm 200-210 km / h. Nrog zuj zus lawm ceev txo efficiency aileron. Slipping fighter los yog nws inhibition ntawm 180 km / h tau nyob rau hauv ib tug txos ntawm nws cov tis vim hais tias nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug ceev tsav dempfinirovat nyuaj yob. Stalling yuav tshwm sim thaum lub tsaws iav thiab flaps nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias tus tsav tseem yuav rub nyob rau hauv lub pas nws tus kheej, raws li fighter mus rau lub siab tshaj plaws attainable ces kaum rau nws.
• Executing ntxhab lem. Nrog ceev txiag La 5FN tshwm sim Tub Ntsuag pa txaus nyob rau tis. Los ntawm nce lub ceev yuav txo tau efficiency yog muaj zog aileron. Nyob rau hauv lub dispersal ntawm fighters mus txog 320 km / h thiab ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 2400 meters, nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov lem nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm 30 vib nas this, tus tsim ntawm lub tshuab tau txais ib qho overload 2,6G. Yog hais tias nws yuav tsim nyog mus nqa tawm ailerons cia li taw, nws yog ib tug natural mob pob qhov rooj nyob rau hauv lub cockpit nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib hloov.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub txos ntawm lub aircraft, muaj tsim nyog cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas ntev nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug tag nrho tig ntawm ib tug tej yam siab. Yog li ntawd, rau 2400 meters muab 28 vib nas this, thiab nyob rau qhov siab ntawm kilometer tig yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv 25 vib nas this.

stability davhlau

Rau lub fighter yog yus muaj los ntawm siab stability nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw ntawm cov iav, flaps thiab thaum lub sij hawm qhov siab ntawm typesetting. Cov kev siv zog los mus daws muaj hnub nyoog. Lawv kom raws li aircraft kev kawm sib sib zog nqus khoov. Thaum uas tig kauj cov kev taw qhia yog hais tias yuav zoo siab, tab sis nws yuav txo tau - raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj kev ceev uas lub dav hlau tua rog La-5FN tsiv. phom tswj nyob rau hauv cov tej yam kev mob yog yooj yim. Thaum ib tug txawv tshwm sim ko tw nyoob hoom raising los yog tej lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub aircraft. Cov oscillations, kuj hu ua tus Dutch kauj ruam, kho nrog kev pab los ntawm phau ntawv no log taw.

Cov kawm tiav ntawm lub davhlau

Tus nqi ntawm 200 km / h yog suav tias yog noj rau tus nqi uas tus tsis fighter La 5FN. Cog tau ua li cas rau peb cov ntsiab lus. Nws yuav ua raws li yog straightforward rau ib tug ca saum npoo. Txwv tsis pub, kom lub tsheb rau cov mus dhia yog tsis yooj yim. Ua kom muaj qhov teeb meem yog sis tsis ncaj braking log. Heev feem ntau, ib tug fighter thaum lub sij hawm tsaws nodding tawm, ua rau cov ntsia hlau yuav yuav puas ntsoog, raws li qhov no aircraft tshuab muaj ib tug tsawg deb nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab hauv av. Heev complicates tus tuav ntawm ib tug dav hlau tua rog tsav, thiab muaj zog gusts ntawm crosswind. Nyob rau hauv tej lub sijhawm, los puag siv tsuas yog ib qho log, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua. Yog li ntawd, thaum cog yog feem ntau resorted mus rau lub log braking.

Txawm tias cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub tsim, La-5FN fighter yog ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov qauv ntawm cov Soviet aircraft, uas nyob rau hauv ib co ntawm nws analogues uas domestic aircraft hom txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntuj wartime thiab ua ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau lub yeej.