Gas condensate

Kua hydrocarbon sib tov (tag nrho cov ntawm ntau yam sib txawv molecular qauv thiab boil nyob rau high school kub) uas yog tso tawm raws li by-product condensate, roj thiab roj teb koom nyob rau hauv lub dav dav lub npe - gas condensates. Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm lawv nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw nyob thiab tej yam kev mob ntawm extraction, txawm li cas los txawv tsis pub dhau dav txwv. Txawm li cas los, lawv yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob hom:

• ruaj khov roj condensate nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov roj av-kerosene fractions (thiab tej zaum kuj yooj yim dua molecular yuag cov kua roj tivthaiv)
• tsis ruaj tsis khov khoom, uas, tsuas yog rau C5 thiab ntau dua hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov methane-butane feem.

Hws yuav tuaj los ntawm peb hom kev dej, uas ua:

1. Lub crude roj (nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov mob roj, uas tej zaum yuav pw hauv qab no av nyias los ntawm crude roj (khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg) los yog yuav yaj nyob rau ntawd).
2. Qhuav natural gas (yus los tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm yaj hydrocarbons therein, ib tug tsis tshua muaj tawm los ntawm lub condensate).
3. Ntub natural gas (los ntawm cov pa roj-condensate deposits thiab yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv roj condensate).

Tus nqi ntawm cov kua Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub natural gases mas nws txawv ntawm 0.000010 rau 0.000700 m³ ib 1 m³ ntawm roj. Piv txwv li, paib ruaj khov roj condensate ntau yam teb:

• Vuktylskoye (Komi) - 352,7 g / m³;
• Urengoiskoye (West Siberia) - 264 g / m³;
• Gazlinskoe (Middle Eastern) - 17 g / m³;
• Shebelinske (Ukraine) - 12 g / m³.

Nkev condensate yog ib tug multicomponent sib tov ntawm ntau yam kua hydrocarbons nrog ib tug tsawg ceev, nyob rau lub gaseous Cheebtsam yog tam sim no. Nws yog condensed los ntawm lub crude roj thaum lub sij hawm kub txo thaum lub sij hawm drilling (hauv qab no lub lwg point ntawm lub hydrocarbons). Nws yog feem ntau xa mus rau cias li "hws" los yog "tej yam ntuj tso roj av".

Scheme nkauj nraug condensate los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso roj los yog roj yog varied thiab nyob ntawm seb cov lo lus uas teb thiab cov khoom siv. Feem ntau, thaum ua chaw nres tsheb tsa nyob ze ntawm lub gas los yog gas condensate teb, lub ua roj yog npaj rau kev thauj: cais dej yog kev dawb huv mus rau ib tug tej yam raws li los ntawm cov leej faj tebchaw yog thauj mus rau lub neeg hydrocarbons C1 thiab C2, lub me me lawv faib ua feem (los ntawm mined) pumped mus rau hauv lub formations rau muaj siab. Lub cais feem (tom qab tshem tawm therefrom C3 Cheebtsam, tab sis nrog ib tug me me cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov lawv) tau roj condensate, uas yog xa raws li ib tug pub kwj rau refineries los yog petrochemical installation synthesis. Yog thauj los ntawm pipeline los yog tank thauj.

Cov pa roj condensate yog siv nyob rau hauv refineries raws li ib tug raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov roj av nrog ib tug tsawg octane tus xov tooj yog yuav ua tau kom lub anti-khob additives siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom muaj ib tug high huab point thiab ncuav point, vim li ntawd nws yog siv rau lub caij ntuj sov roj. Raws li diesel roj condensate tsis tshua muaj siv vim hais tias nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv dewaxing. Qhov no sib siv tsawg tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm cov condensates ua.

Cov feem nthuav hauj daws yog siv ib yam khoom xws li ib tug dav feem ntawm lub teeb hydrocarbons rau petrochemical synthesis. Nrog nws cov kev npaj pib ua cov roj condensate. Ntxaum dab tseem rau pyrolysis sib qhov twg LPG yog siv raws li ib tug raw khoom rau muab tej tseem ceeb monomers xws li ethylene, propylene, thiab ntau lwm yam nrog cov khoom. Ces ethylene yog raws kev coj kom lub polymerization apparatus, nws yog tau los ntawm ntau polyethylene qib. Cov tau polypropylene propylene polymerization. Butylene-butadiene feem yog siv rau qhov siv thiab ua roj hmab. C6 thiab ntau dua hydrocarbons yog cov raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov petrochemical synthesis (npaj benzene), thiab tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub C5, uas yog lub raw khoom rau muab nqi khoom kom txog rau thaum siv inefficiently.