Hadfield steel nta: muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov kev siv

Lub steel kev lag luam - yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws Cheebtsam ntawm lub GDP ntawm txhua lub teb chaws, raws li nws ua cim thiab pab tau cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis ua steelworks khoom noob neej yuav tsis ua tsis tau. Steel - ib tug ntawm lawv. Muaj ntau hom ntaub ntawv uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau industries. Steel, uas muaj high plasticity thiab hnav nqi, nws - Hadfield steel, - cim hlau. Yuav tsum muaj rau nws yog tswj los ntawm GOST 977-88 thiab txawv teb chaws counterparts (TEB CHAWS USA, England, lub teb chaws Yelemees, Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, Finland, Spain, Kauslim Teb).

Keeb kwm Hadfield steel

Raws li lub npe no qhia, nws yuav sib cav hais tias nws yog Robert Hadfield tau txais no alloy. Leej twg yog tus tsim tawm? Robert Hadfield - English metallurgist uas tau txais ib tug hlau nrog ntau dua lub zog nyob rau hauv 1882. Heev sai sai no, qhov no steel tau kis thiab yog heev tshwj xeeb khoom.

Tom qab Hadfield Steel tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb, xav nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob los ntawm cov tub rog. Qhov no yog vim li, txij li thaum xws li ib alloy yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov creation ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov khoom rau cov tub rog.

Infantry kaus mom hlau Rugged - tus thawj tiv thaiv cov khoom, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv Hadfield hlau. Cov nyiam raug siv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub British tub rog, ces ua xav nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub US cov tub rog thiab tau pib lawv ntau lawm. Mus txog 80 technology Hadfield steel tsis hloov. Tiam sis nrog lub 80-ies twb tsim organoplastics muaj dag muaj zog yog tsis inferior ntaub ntawv tsim los ntawm lub British metallurgist, tab sis nws yog ntau npaum li cas yooj yim.

Nyiam kev infantry - nws tsis yog tsuas siv cov Hadfield hlau. Lub British lub tuam txhab "Vickers" yog tus thawj yuav tsum tau siv rau lwm yam hom phiaj lub high-qib hlau. Tracked armored tsheb pib ua Hadfield ntawm lub alloy nyob rau hauv lub 20s. Steel tank cov tsheb thauj khoom nce nqi kev los ntawm 500 mus 4800 kilometers. Thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej tsov rog, ib tug zoo li nce nyob rau hauv roj yog suav tias yog yuav luag ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb. Hadfield steel tau ua indispensable rau tank txoj kev loj hlob. Tsis ntev, qhov no alloy yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub tank tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm yam industries. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, thaum pib ntawm Hadfield steel smelted nyob rau hauv 1936.

Hadfield Steel: Muaj pes tsawg leeg

Cais tshuaj nyob tus yeees, nyob rau hauv particular qhov feem pua ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab manganese yuav pom tias nws yog austenitic hlau. Xws li ib tug qauv pab txoj kev coj kuj thiab hardens lub alloy. Yog li, cov hlau yog resistant rau deformation txheej txheem, muaj ib tug high degree ntawm ductility thiab toughness. Steelmakers hais tias qhov no yog tus thawj hlau stainless steel, uas tau pib loj-khoom.

Thaj chaw ntawm Hadfield steel

Vim nws cov khoom austenitic steel yuav tsis tau los ntawm tej cuab yeej, vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug high viscosity. Tsuas yog molding tej zaum yuav haum rau qhov siv thiab ua cov khoom ua los ntawm cov khoom no.

Hadfield hlau muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm rau kev ua hauj lwm hardening, uas yog ho siab tshaj uas zoo xws li steel alloys. Austenitic steel muaj tsawg hardness, siab coj kuj tab sis kuj raws li qhov feem, kev kub siab thiab kub ncos. Raws li cov kev yam ntxwv, peb yuav hais tias cov British metallurgist steel haum rau siv nyob rau hauv corrosive tej kev kawm.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vuam tshuab Hadfield steel

Lub thermal conductivity ntawm lub austenite yog ho qis dua cov lwm yam steels, 4-6 lub sij hawm. Lub thermal expansion coefficient yog muaj ntau lub sij hawm ntau tshaj li hais tias ntawm lub tsawg-carbon steels - nyob rau hauv 1,9 lub sij hawm. Cov no yog cov tseem ceeb heev cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau, li ntawd, cov nyhuv rau tau txias cracking nyob rau hauv lub kub raug.

Muaj yog ib tug tseem ceeb yuav tshwm thiab kub cracking vim shrinkage ntawm lub casting hlau, uas yog 1.6 lub sij hawm ntau tsawg-carbon hlau. Lub siab kub pauv tau ib austenitic qauv rau cov martensitic, uas tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm tawg nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev kub muaj peevxwm.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov Hadfield steel

Vim nws tshuaj nyob tus yeees, yam ntxwv thiab nta ntawm lub austenite yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau industries. Siv steel khoom, koj yuav tau nco ntsoov ntawm lawv cia siab rau thiab lub siab tshaj plaws durability.

Coj-resistant steel yog ib tug nrov khoom. Ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm industries uas tsim high-zog cov khoom, siv Hadfield hlau. Cov nram qab no cov khoom ua los ntawm no alloy:

• Engineering khoom.
• Truckee tso tsheb hlau luam kab lia.
• Tractors.
• Railway hla kev.
• Turnouts, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm nyob rau hauv hnyav tej yam load thiab abrasion tej yam kev mob.
• Tsev loj cuj tuav rau ntawm lub qhov rais.
• crusher Cheebtsam.

Entertaining yog raug tsev rau txim lattices ntawm austenite. Muaj coob tus ntseeg hais tias nws yog zoo li tus mockery ntawm neeg raug kaw uas yog sim khiav. Raws li cov classics ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, neeg txheeb ze ntau sneaked ib tug hacksaw rau neeg raug kaw uas nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej pib mus txiav qhov rais tuav.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm zoo tib yam hlau yog tam txoj kev khiav. Tab sis Hadfield hlau - nws yog hnav-resistant hlau, uas yog feem ntau yog ib tug hacksaw rau pom tsis yooj yim sua. Yog hais tias koj pib pom cov ntxaij ntoo ntawm lub alloy Hadfield, nws pib hardening ntawm qhov chaw, uas ua rau yus hardening ntawm lub austenite. Hacksaw lattice tsub kom lub hardness thiab hardness handsaw saum toj no. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tham txog cov unreality ntawm txoj kev khiav.

steel 110G13L

Steel qib 110G13L - alloy, uas yog siv rau castings thiab muaj khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov no steel muaj ib tug high coj kuj nyob hauv blows los yog siab differentials.

Daim ntawv thov steels 110G13L

Qhov no hom ntawm steel siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov nram qab no ntaub ntawv:

• Hnyav plaub ntug qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau check.
• Lub khob hliav qab crusher.
• Cov hniav ntawm excavators phab ntsa.
• Housing pob, dav hlau mills.

analogs steels

Xws li ib tug steel ua los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws.

Thaj chaw ntawm lub steel qib 110G13L

Technological thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm cov khoom yog nyob rau hauv lub rooj.

Txhua yam khoom nyob rau ntawm lub T = 20 ^o C hom steel 110G13L

Thaum tshav kub kub kev kho mob

Thaum tshav kub kub kev kho mob Hadfield steel nyob nyob rau theem ntawm cov pa roj carbon cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub hlau. Lub siab dua theem ntawm cov pa roj carbon, lub siab dua qhov kub thiab txias. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hlau nws yog 1%, cov kub yuav tsum hauv qab no 900 degrees. Yog hais tias 1.5% carbon, lub ua yog tau ntawm 1000 degrees. Yog hais tias cov pa roj carbon yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub hlau ntawm 1.6%, lub kub yuav tsum saum toj no 1050 degrees. Qhov no yog ua raws li los ntawm dej txias.

High kub yog yuav tsum tau rau tag xaus ntawm carbides, thuam qhov zoo ntawm cov casting, thiab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm austenite nplej. casting raug lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nws cov thickness. Yog li, ib tug 30-hli thickness yuav tsum tau soaking nyob rau hauv 4 teev, thiab 125 mm - 24 teev.

Puas kuj Hadfield steel nyob rau hauv lub as-cam khwb cia rau mob yog tib yam li tom qab quenching. austenite qauv yog surrounded los ntawm cov carbide thiab mesh behaves hnav tej yam kev mob raws li tau zoo raws li homogeneous hardened hlau. Nws muaj peev xwm li ntawd yuav tsum sib cav hais tias nyob rau hauv ib co molten austenite microvolumes muaj tib lub dag lub zog thiab durability li tawv hlau. Nws nce fragility vim qhov tus ntawm cov carbide daim phiaj, uas ua rau ib tug muaj zog concentration ntawm Internal stresses.

Hadfield steel twb tsim ob peb xyoo dhau los. Niaj hnub no, hlau steel - yog ib feem ntawm zus tau tej cov ntau cov khoom nyob rau hauv txawv industries. Tsis zoo li industries li tshuab lub tsev, roj thiab cov nkev, tshuaj, khoom noj khoom haus ua, lub zog kev lag luam yuav tsis ua kom zoo. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tsim kho, tank raug thiab cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab hom riam phom uas siv tshiab tau steel kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los, engineers thiab metallurgists tsis nkag siab tag nrho ntawm cov khoom, nta thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau steels.