Ib suam ntawm kev kho hniav caries. Hom thiab cais kho hniav caries nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam

Caries - ib tug kab mob paub nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ces kaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thiab nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau nrhiav ib tug neeg uas yuav tsis tau kev nyuaj siab qhov teeb meem no tsawg kawg ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub neej. Tus kab mob muaj feem xyuam rau ib qho nyuaj kho hniav ntaub so ntswg, thinned txha hniav laus thiab txeem mus rau hauv lub tob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm dentin, tsim nyob rau hauv lawv ib tug kab noj hniav. Feem ntau cov feem ntau puas visually hnov tshwj tsis yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj yog tas rau cov ntxaum khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.

Cov ua rau tus kab mob

Cov kws kho hniav emit ib tug ntau ntawm theories, qhov tshwm sim ntawm carious txhab, tab sis cov tub ntxhais tseem tib yam:

• Kev Tsim Txom excessively qab ntsev los yog qab zib zaub mov.
• Lub disadvantage ntawm kev noj haus ntawm carbohydrates thiab vitamins.
• Qhov tsawg cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv fluorine restorative kho hniav enamel.
• Cov kev tsis saib xyuas qhov ncauj.
• Kis kab mob.
• Caj predisposition.
• Properties ntawm tus hniav qauv, cov muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm tus txha hniav laus ntawm tej yam ntuj tso borozdochek nyob rau hauv uas noog kab mob raug rau tom ntej lwj.

Tag nrho cov saum toj no yam, rau ib co raws li muaj feem xyuam rau lub acid-puag nqi koj tshuav ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tsim ib tug kho hniav txha hniav laus paaj ib puag ncig rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo leaching ntawm calcium los ntawm txha hniav laus nqaij yog puas lawm thiab tsim muaj kab noj hniav. Kev Cai uas yog raws li lub faib kho hniav caries, muaj ntau ntau yam, thiab rightly li ntawd. Kev ncua kev faib los ntawm ob peb tsis tso cai rau muab tso rau lub feem ntau txhim khu kev qha mob, los mus txiav txim cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm khiav dab thiab kab mob kev kho mob.

Classification los ntawm Blake

Qhov tseem siv yog lub cais ntawm kev kho hniav caries los ntawm dub. Nws qhia tsis tau tsuas yog qhov chaw ntawm lub carious kev puas tsuaj rau ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis kuj ntawm qhov tob ntawm lub xeem tsis ua hauj lwm. Designations tom kawg hom tshwm sim los ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv - ntau dua qhov lub qib, cov kev tsis saib xyuas ntawm tus kab mob:

1. Kuv cov chav kawm ntawv. Thawj zaug rau theem - ib tug heev muaj zog caries kis tus kab mob occlusal nto hniav enamel. Puas yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm lub tapered grooves ntawm tus hniav. Nrog los ntawm lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo puas tsuaj ntawm enamel, dentin thiab tom qab. Nrog raws sij hawm kev kho mob rau cov kws kho hniav nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm theem 1 yuav tau nres thiab tag kho hniav, tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm ib tug xyaum.
2. Class II. Ntsis kab noj hniav tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw hu lub Upper thiab qis posterior hniav. Txha hniav laus nyob rau hauv no qhov chaw sib zog, feem ntau hloov qhov chaw zoo li me me cov vajvoos peb sab. Tej kev raug mob muab zais ntawm cov hniav, thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau yuav tsis qhia tau txawm tej.
3. Class III. Raws li txoj kev sib ncaim li caries kev faib tawm, qhov no yeej loj tsawv, nyob rau cov kab noj hniav tsim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej saum npoo ntawm cov hniav. Lub tej ntug ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm no theem tseem lawm. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov no zoo ntawm cov hniav lwj muaj feem xyuam rau cov neeg uas tsim txom lawv cov khoom qab zib thiab tsis tshua muaj siv kho hniav pas dig hniav.
4. Class IV. Loj hniav lwj, uas yog ib tug hnyav kauj ruam nyob rau hauv lub yeej ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv III. Yog hais tias nto puas tsuaj cutters tsis kho, pib mus ua txhaum down nyob rau hauv lub dentin ntawm tus hniav tej ntug.
5. V chav kawm ntawv. Heev heev degree. Classification caries characterizes no hom ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau tus hniav qhov tob raws gingival cheeb tsam. Kab noj hniav zoo li cov ntawv no hu ua lub tsev me nyuam, nws yog lub feem ntau txaus ntshai, raws li cov carious kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv lub tam sim ntawd cheeb tsam ntawm cov keeb kwm. Thaum thawj zaug rau theem, tus ciam ntawm cov pos hniav thiab cov hniav lub cev yog them nrog luag tsis pom dawb sawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov hauv paus hniav caries muaj feem xyuam rau ob peb nruab nrog cev, yog tej zaum kis tau kab mob txhua yam. Uas raug nqi ntau cov kev kho mob ntawm "dawb kab noj hniav" tsim teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv foci carious kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, loj teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob tej zaum yuav ib lo lus nug hais txog qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub puas hniav.

Ib suam ntawm lub LEEJ TWG / ICD 10

Caries kev faib los ntawm lub LEEJ TWG (World Health Organization) yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov cim ntawm ib lub Cuam tshuam cheeb tsam thiab tseem ceeb lub ntsiab lus nram qab hais tias cov lis dej num:

• K02.0. Pib kev puas tsuaj ntawm enamel, qhia tsim los ntawm cov dawb me ntsis rau ntawm qhov chaw.
• K02.1. Code qhia kev puas tsuaj kauj ruam cov dentin - cov ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv lub enamel.
• K02.2. Maas carious kev puas tsuaj los yog cov hauv paus hniav caries. Qhov no code yog siv los qhia tias cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus hniav hauv paus.
• K02.3. Los kauj ruam nyob rau hauv uas lub tshem tawm carious kev puas tsuaj.
• K02.4. Nws muaj xws li odontoklaziyu, cov me nyuam thiab melanodentiyu melanodontoklaziyu.
• K02.8. Lwm yam ntau ntau yam uas tsis muaj npe nyob rau hauv lub ntej paragraphs.

caries kev faib ICD (International ib suam ntawm kab mob) yog suav tias yog lub feem ntau nrov nyob rau hauv txoj kev xyaum ntawm cov niaj hnub kho hniav. Nws yog yooj yim vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug paub kev cai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus, rau rau siab muab ncua tseg nws kev mob nkees thiab lwm hom.

Ib suam ntawm thawj kab mob

Kab noj hniav kev qhia los ntawm cov zaus ntawm tshwm sim:

• Thawj - tsis yav tas los raug rau cov kab mob tsim hniav caries, etiology, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev faib thiab tsom xam txog ib tug kev qeb.
• Secondary los yog relapse - zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub cev nto, yav tas los raug rau kev sib khi. Nws tshwm sim vim hais tias ntawm ua txhaum cai haum cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj rau ntawm tus hniav, li no txoj kev ua ib kis, uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug dej siab ib puag ncig rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob.

topographic kev faib

Qhov no kawm tiav, pom qhov txawv hom ntawm caries txhab raws li cov neeg kawm ntawv raws. Nws yog raws li ntau nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim mob raws li caries kev faib ICD 10. Txiav txim puas nram qab no cov kauj ruam:

1. chaw tsim. Cov thawj zaug rau theem, uas excludes kev puas tsuaj ntawm enamel. Rau ntawm no theem, nyob rau ntawm tus hniav qhov chaw zoo nkaus li kaj los yog tsaus chaw. Kev puas tsuaj rau tus txha hniav laus qauv yog tsis - nws yog ib tug smooth, mob tsis looj koov. Thaum lub sij hawm no, qhov uas yooj yim los kho cov hniav lwj, vim hais tias nws los nrog tsawg heev pab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus hniav - lub stain yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov chaw, ua los ntawm cov txha hniav laus remineralization.
2. Deg caries. Qhov no kauj ruam yuav ua puas lub hearth uas yog tsis teem cheeb tsam ntxaum hniav enamel. Nws yus muaj los ntawm periodic mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kub thiab txias. Kev kho mob yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv thawj zaug rau theem.
3. Middle caries. Cov txheej txheem tau mus dhau rau ib thaj tsam ntawm txha hniav laus thiab loj zuj zus nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm nto dentin mob tshwm sim ntau mob siab heev thiab ntau heev. Cov txheej txheem yuav lub purification kev kho mob kab noj hniav thiab muab installation.
4. Sib sib zog nqus caries. Cov ntaub so ntswg kev puas tsuaj yog heev loj heev, sis plawv hniav tiv thaiv xwb ib tug nyias txheej ntawm dentin fwm, tus neeg mob yaam puab paub mob heev. Yog hais tias lub sij hawm tsis muaj rau tsiaj hiav txwv installation, tus kab mob no yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam sis plawv hniav thiab cov hniav extraction yuav tsis yuav zam tau.

Suam ntawm cov kev siv

Los ntawm cov kev siv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav 2 yog raug rho tawm hom ntawm tus kab mob:

• Ib tug tib hniav lwj - muaj feem xyuam rau ib tug hniav.
• Multi - kab mob muaj feem xyuam rau ob peb cov hniav.

Ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau hom caries feem ntau raws li cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no muaj feem xyuam rau tus me nyuam cov hniav, feem ntau yuav, nws twb tau mob kub taub hau thiab tonsillitis. Berezhnaya kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ntau yam kab noj hniav rau ib tug me nyuam nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo ntawm thawj cov hniav yog nyiaj plated.

Classification of Education teeb meem

Zoo nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob kom tus kws kho hniav nrog kho hniav kab mob cai ntau heev. Nws tsis yog nyuaj rau twv seb dab tsi fraught nrog uas raug nqi ntau cov teeb meem. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, hnub no muaj ib tug caries kev faib teeb meem. Raws li nws, nws yog:

• Nyuab. Tus kab mob nrog inflammatory dab nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Ib tug variation ntawm ib tug flux.
• Khuav. caries kev faib pub rau peb to taub hais tias qhov no zoo ntawm tus kab mob, ntws los ntawm cov pa kauj ruam, xws li lub teeb, medium thiab sib sib zog nqus.

Tus nqi ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm caries txheej txheem

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua tus neeg uas ua siv nyob rau lwm yam thiab tus neeg tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob. Ob peb cov pawg ntawm caries:

1. Ntse. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim sai sai heev - tsis pub dhau ib mus rau ob lub lim piam.
2. Chronic. Tus kab mob muaj ntau tshaj ib tug ntev lub sij hawm thiab yog yus muaj los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov yellowish los yog xim av me ntsis nyob rau hauv cov nplaim lub enamel.
3. Blooming. Progressive hom, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ntau yam txha hniav laus puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug raug luv luv lub sij hawm.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam

Ib suam ntawm caries nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog nqa tawm raws li cov tib kev raws li nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav xyuas kuj tshwm sim gradation nyob rau hauv kev siv, thawj kab mob, muaj teeb meem, thiab hais txog. D. Cov tsuas pom qhov txawv feature yog kev sib cais ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab caries ruaj khov hniav.

Carious txhab ntawm mammary kabmob tsis ua tsawg tsis xis nyob dua ib tug mus tas tus kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, cov hniav lwj yog pom ntau tshaj li nyob rau hauv cov laus, ces nws yog tsim nyog kom sai li sai li sai tau mus qhia ib tug me nyuam mus rau lub zoo qhov ncauj thiab kom tsis txhob muaj kev siv ntawm qab zib. Muab hais tias cov mis nyuj cov hniav yog tseem muaj ib tug ib ntus kev kho mob zoo tej zaum yuav txawv me ntsis los ntawm cov kev kho mob ntawm mus tas li cov hniav.

Silvering thawj cov hniav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam

Niaj hnub nimno cov niam txiv nyob rau ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kws kho hniav ntsib nrog ib lub sij hawm xws li nyiaj hniav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Qhov no txoj kev yog nqa tawm rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm caries. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hauv tus txheej txheem yog ib tug "khov" ntawm tus kab mob.

Tsis mob txoj kev, thaum lub sij hawm nws tus kws kho hniav twg thiaj li raug rau lub txha hniav laus nrog ib tug paj rwb kua ntswg tshwj xeeb pes tsawg leeg uas muaj nyiaj. Hniav tsim nyob rau kev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis, uas tiv thaiv sedimentation thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem kab mob nyob rau hauv tus txha hniav laus nto.