Kav - dab tsi yog qhov no? Yuav ua li cas rau configure nws?

Muaj ntau yam hais txog qhov pom tau qhov sib puag ncig ntawm niaj hnub tib neeg niaj hnub no yog tsim siv computer graphics cov kev pab cuam. Tsis muaj visualization ua 3D-ntxias, yuav tsis ua tej yam architectural los yog tsim studio los yog producers ntawm ua si lub computer. Cov cuab yeej ntawm kev tsim tej dluab - photorealistic los yog simulating ntau yam art hom kev kawm - muaj ob peb txheej txheem cov kauj ruam. Kav - yog lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv, ib feem ntawm qhov kawg, uas txiav txim zaum kawg tshwm sim.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm

Lo lus "kav" (los yog "rendering") nws yog, ib yam li ntau txuam nrog IP-raws li technologies, los ntawm cov lus Askiv. Nws los ntawm tus Laus Fabkis rendre, lub ntsiab lus "ua", "mus rau", "rov qab", "rov qab". Lub tob hauv paus hniav ntawm qhov qhia txog kev mus rov qab mus rau lub ancient Latin: re - prefix lub ntsiab lus "rov qab", thiab twv - "muab".

Li no - ib tug ntawm cov niaj hnub lub ntsiab ntawm lub sij hawm. Kav - qhov no nrog rau tus txheej txheem ntawm rebuilding ib planar duab raws li nyob rau hauv peb-dimensional qauv uas muaj cov lus qhia txog lub cev thaj chaw ntawm tus kwv - nws zoo, nto kev ntxhib los mos, teeb pom kev zoo thiab thiaj li nyob.

Kav thiab visualization

Mus down thawj rau hauv lub lexicon ntawm cov neeg uas tso koom nyob rau hauv cov yees tsim dluab, lo lus no yog nce siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub siv. Muab npaj kav nug, piv txwv li, thaum ordering rooj tog - ib zaug xwb yam khoom los yog teeb meem ntawm ib chav tsev, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub sab hauv los yog tag nrho rendering ntawm lub tsev - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab txhais tau tias pab qhia rau tus neeg lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub vajtse los yog designer lub tswv yim.

Muaj synonymous, uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ib txwm puag ncig, txawm hais tias ntau cumbersome - visualization. Cov kev architectural lossis gaming computer graphics hnub no txiav txim siab kom muaj ib tug nqaim specialization: muaj cov neeg uas yog koom nyob rau hauv modeling - tsim peb-seem, thiab cov neeg uas muab cov rendering ntawm lub tiav lawm scene - txo nws hwj teeb pom kev zoo, xaiv ib tug taw tes ntawm view thiab poob lawm, thiab ces pib cov rendering kev pab cuam.

txhais

Lo lus no muaj ob peb lub ntsiab:

• Kav los yog rendering, - rendering txoj kev txais kev los yog artistic planar bitmap duab raws li nyob rau hauv peb-dimensional cov qauv tsim siv tshwj xeeb software pob khoom - rab, 3D Max, XINESMAS, Maya li al.
• Kav - yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug txheej txheem - ib tug raster duab, photography, raws li zoo raws li cov duab cim thiab npuas nyob rau hauv video ua si los yog los ntawm trideshnikami yeeb yaj duab siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm films - ib txwm los yog animated.
• Kav los yog renderer - thiaj hu ua tshwj xeeb software, los ntawm txoj kev uas muaj ib tug transformation ntawm 3D qauv nyob rau hauv cov duab. Tej daim ntaub ntawv yuav tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug graphics pob los yog ua ntawv thov li cais daim ntaub ntawv: RenderMan, Mental Ray, V-txoj sab ci, Corona, Brasil, Maxwell, FinalRender, Fryrender, Modo thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Renders, raws li zoo raws li txhua yam kev cob cog rua nrog cov technology, lossi tshiab. Lawv yog cov sib txawv algorithms siv rau cov ntaub ntawv yuav txo tau ntawm yam ntxwv lub cev ntawm cov qauv thiab lawv ncig. Nyob rau lawv lub hauv paus rau tag nrho cov rendering system, tso cai rau koj los mus tsim koj cov ntaub ntawv, teeb, cov koob yees duab, thiab hais txog. N.

Hom rendering: online thiab prerendering

Muaj ob theem pib hom rendering, nyob ntawm seb cov kev ceev ntawm uas yuav tsum tshwm sim tau rau hauv lub tiav lawm daim duab. Thawj - real-time Rendering yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev sib tham sib daim ntawv, feem ntau nyob rau hauv computer ua si. Ntawm no yog peb xav tau ib tug ceev kav, cov duab yuav tsum tau tso tawm instantly, heev npaum li cas ntawm cov scene yog xam nyob rau hauv ua ntej thiab muab nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug neeg cov ntaub ntawv. Cov no yog cov textures uas txhais tau lub tsos ntawm cov khoom thiab teeb pom kev zoo. Programs siv rau hauv internet rendering, siv mas cov kev pab cov graphics card thiab lub computer lub cim xeeb, thiab mus rau ib tug tsawg raws li - lub processor.

Yuav kom kav scenes ntau visually, raws li zoo raws li qhov chaw uas tus ceev qhov teeb meem tsis yog li ntawd yam li tseem ceeb tshaj qhov zoo ntawm cov rendering, thiab lwm txoj kev yuav siv los kav qhov kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov hwj chim ntawm tej tub ntxhais processors, tshaaj lub siab tshaj plaws kev daws teeb meem kev xaiv, textures, teeb pom kev zoo cov ntaub ntawv yuav txo tau. Feem ntau siv thiab postprocessing rendering, uas tso cai rau ib tug high degree ntawm photorealism los yog xav artistic cov nyhuv.

Txoj kev rau rendering lub scene

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev rau qhov kev npaj ntawm cov duab nyob rau cov teeb meem thiab feem ntau los ntawm tus kheej nyiam thiab kev ntawm lub visualizer. Tsim tshiab thiab txoj kev rendering system - los yog heev tshwj xeeb los yog universal. Niaj hnub no, nyob hauv plawv ntawm feem ntau software renderer yog raws li nyob rau hauv peb tej computational txoj kev:

• Rasterization (Scanline) - ib txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas ib tug duab yog tsim miscalculation tsis ib tug neeg tsuas me me, pixels, thiab tag nrho cov ntsej muag, uas thiab tej chaw ntawm loj cheeb tsam. Textures defining khoom zog raws li lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub scene, raws li sau tseg nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv unchanged. Cov uas ua cov duab feem ntau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov foundations hauv illumination hloov, qhov tob ntawm daim teb , thiab hais txog. D. Feem ntau siv rau hauv kav scenes nyob rau hauv kev ua si thiab tshuab nyob rau hauv videoprodakshene.
• Ray tracing (Raytracing) - physics scene xam rau lub hauv paus ntawm rays emanating los ntawm lub virtual lub koob yees duab lens ntawm txhua beam thiab tsom xam kev sis raug zoo nrog cov khoom uas nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub scene. Nyob rau kom muaj nuj nqis thiab zoo tshaj ntawm "bounces" simulates rau thiaj yuav los refraction ntawm lub teeb, cov xim, saturation thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm lub resulting duab piv rau lub rasterization yog considerably ntau dua, tab sis rau nws cov realism tau them tus muaj zog noj ntawm cov kev pab.
• Muab xam los ntawm reflected lub teeb (Radiosity) - txhua taw tes ntawm ib cov duab pixel yog muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog cov xim uas yog kev ywj siab ntawm lub koob yees duab. Nws yog los ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab lub zos qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb thiab ib puag ncig. Xws li ib tug txoj kev tso cai xam ntawm cov tsos rau ntawm qhov chaw qauv thiab cov xim ntawm lub teeb reflections ntawm nyob ib sab yam khoom.

Xyaum qhia tau hais tias lub feem ntau tshaj thiab nrov rendering system siv ib tug ua ke ntawm tag nrho los yog lub loj txoj kev. Qhov no pub rau rau siab tshaj plaws yees duab-realism thiab authenticity nyob rau hauv lub kuas ntawm lub cev dab nyob rau hauv ib tug muab scene.

ib theem zuj zus rendering

Txawm tias niaj hnub mus kom ze nyob rau hauv computer graphics, xav kom faib los kav cais theem, uas yuav tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog inseparable los ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov visualization. Yog hais tias, piv txwv li, npaj sab hauv rendering yuav nyob ntawm seb hom khoom uas siv, thiab txhua tus qauv system cov algorithm simulating kev ntxhib los mos thiab nto kev ntxhib los mos.

Tib yam siv rau txoj kev scene teeb pom kev zoo. Teem ntuj thiab dag lub teeb, thiab lub thaj chaw ntawm nws tus kheej nco tus duab ntxoov ntxoo, reflexes, lub dag lub zog, tus kheej-illumination los - lub kauj ruam tom ntej nyob rau hauv kev tsim ib tug scene visualization. Yuav ua li cas teem ib lub kav nws nyob rau hauv lub siv software thiab lub system kawm ntawv. Txhua pob thiab kev pab cuam-visualizer nws muaj nws subtleties thiab nuances.

Piv txwv li, Corona Renderer muaj adjustable chaw ncaj qha thaum lub sij hawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov duab kawg. hwj chim teeb yuav raug hloov online, kho xim, sharpness.

Post-ua ntawm tau kav

Rau ib cov hauj lwm nws yog ib zajlus kom thov tshwj xeeb imaging hom kev kawm. Lub architecture yuav tsum tau lwm txoj kev qhia tshaj nrog kev piv txwv. Kav tus sab nrauv, piv txwv li, feem ntau yuav tsum tau cov artist muaj graphics tej pob khoom rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog bitmap dluab, feem ntau nrov ntawm uas - Tsev av Photoshop. Thiab tsis yeej ib txwm ua nws yuav txhim khu lub photorealism. Tam sim no tiam sis nyob rau hauv lub ntawv muaj xws li architectural imitation ntawm tes-duab - watercolor, gouache, Number case duab, thiab lwm yam ...

High-zoo rendering postprocessing feem ntau yog pib nrog xaiv cov kev kawm ntaub ntawv hom, ua tom qab qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev pab cuam. Cov zaum kawg duab khaws khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, cycling ib tug neeg xim nqaij daim tawv raws. Qhov no ua rau nws tau mus cuag siab tau nyob rau hauv lub yuav txo tau ntawm tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho duab, siv ntau yog thiab hloov maj mam xim chaw.

Kav thiab system kawm

Ua zoo visualization nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub software txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv cov kab hauv qab muaj feem xyuam rau lub hwj chim siv los ntawm lub "hlau". Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog no tau muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev ceev - tej zaum complex scene yog nws ib tug ob peb hnub, yog hais tias tus computer tsis muaj txaus RAM los yog cov processor muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj productivity.

Yuav ua li cas kom rendering thiab txhim kho zaum kawg tshwm sim, yog tias cov kev pab yog scarce? Koj yuav tau hloov cov kev pab cuam qhov chaw, tig mus ua ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm kev daws teeb meem cov ntaub ntawv uas textures thiab xov cov duab los ntawm kev hloov lub ciaj ciam ntawm lub fixtures yog li ntawd lub teeb thiab ntxoov ntxoo lav loj qhov chaw, tsis muaj ntev li kev nthuav dav thiab hais txog. D. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug network, koj siv tau cov batch renderer, thaum cov ntaub ntawv yuav txo tau duab hwj chim muab kev koom tes lwm computers.

kav ua liaj ua teb

Niaj hnub no nws tseem tau los siv hwj chim tej thaj chaw deb computer pawg uas muab cov kev pab rau batch ua 3D-cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no high-kev ua tau zoo system uas yuav nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv rau lub sij feem ntau complex thiab mob siab heev scenes. Lawv paub daws tej yeeb yam zoo txawm thaum tsim video ntaub ntawv ntawm ntev ntev.

Hu rau tus kws kho mob ntawm cov kev pab, daim ntawv teev cov uas muaj peev xwm ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv Internet, cov pom zoo muaj nuj nqis thiab ntaub ntawv kev npaj tej yam kev mob, koj muaj peev xwm cawm considerably rau cov kev ceev thiab caum cuag lub yuav tsum tau theem ntawm zoo ntawm cov duab kawg. Thaum lub pov tseg ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muag nws yog li ob peb txhiab tus processors thiab pua pua ntawm cov terabytes ntawm RAM. Kav ua liaj ua teb laij cov nqi ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, raws li nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntawm lub qhov ntaub ntawv thiab lub sij hawm rau kev kawm ntawv visualization. Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm ib tug ncej 1920x1080, rau rendering rau standard khoom uas yuav tsum tau 3 teev yog hais txog 100 rubles. Lub scene yog payment rau 8 feeb.

rau txoj kev xaiv

Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas ua rendering ntawm ib tug me me thiab yooj yim zoo ntawm yam khoom los sis tus nplua nuj yeeb yam zoo animation kev nthuav qhia ntawm ib lub tsev lub zos, qhia ib tug txawv mus kom ze. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus neeg ce ntawm xws ua hauj lwm yog tsim nyog kom xaiv cov software thiab xyuas kom meej txaus hwj chim ntawm lub computer cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua hauj lwm - rendering - yuav yog nyob ntawm seb seb koj puas txaus siab nrog zaum kawg tshwm sim.