Kev automation tswvyim. Yog vim li cas yog nws tsim nyog?

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub automation dab nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov hlau yog incredibly yam uas muaj ntau thiab ntau tswvcuab tshiab txoj kev, pab kiag li lawm thiab tshuab uas txo lub load rau ntawm cov tib neeg, hloov nws mus rau tus txheej txheem. Thaum muaj ntau yam nroj tsuag tshwm sim tsis siv neeg machine uas ua rau tag nrho cov tib zog, tab sis ntau ntau dua cov neeg thiab nyob rau hauv tsawg lub sij hawm. Ntxiv mus, nyias muaj nqis ntsoov teev qhov tseeb hais tias automation yuav txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg uas yav tas los yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg yooj yim thiab tej yam teeb meem. Tam sim no lawv yuav tsis tau yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub midst ntawm dab tsi tshwm sim - tshuab tswv tswj lawv los ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg chav tsev.

Yog li, peb yuav xyuam xim hais tias automation - qhov no nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, zoo kawg kev kawm uas yog tsuas yog rau cov kev pab ntawm tib neeg. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav tsis tham txog automation raws li ib tug tag nrho, thiab hais tias yog automation ntawm lub tswvyim, raws li nws yog ua thiab yuav ua li cas rau koj siv. cov tswvyim no yuav zoo li coj txawv txawv rau muaj coob tus neeg. Yuav luag tsis muaj ib tug yuav cia li coj thiab twv nws yog dab tsi rau los yog hais tias nws sawv cev rau. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv kom meej hauv qab no, tab sis ua ntej, koj yuav tsum to taub hais tias lub automation tswvyim - qhov no yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev tshaj plaws, tsis muaj uas nws automate txoj kev yuav tau tsis yooj yim sua.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib txoj kev haumxeeb thaiv daim duab?

Ua ntej peb yuav nrog lub ntsiab tswvyim ntawm no tsab xov xwm, uas yog lub automation ntawm lub tswvyim, yog tsim nyog hmoog rau lub fact tias feem ntau ntawm no lub npe ntxiv thiab cov chaw "tej". Tab sis nws tsis luaj li - txhua yam yuav tsuas ntau ruam tag. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug ua hauj thaiv daim duab? Yog li ntawd hu ua daim ntawv uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hais thiab piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv kom meej tej yam dab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev xwb los yog nyob rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv. Yog li, nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg los xaus hais tias cov automation circuitry nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav ua tau ib tug piav qhia (txawm cov pictorial) rau automating tus txheej txheem ntawm tej kev enterprise. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog nej ib tug ntau txhais, thiab yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum delve rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv no tsab xov xwm, vim hais tias nws yuav ua tau ntau npaum li cas nthuav dav piav txhua yam uas yog kev cob cog rua nrog cov tswvyim no, nws yuav siv thiab daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv xyaum.

Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los

Needless hais tias txhua yam nws muaj nws tus kheej txheem. Muaj nws thiab tsis muaj ib yam raws li lub automation tswvyim: GOST. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias cov kev cai tsis txhob sawv ntsug tseem, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv xws li high-tech dab. Nyob rau lub xyoo caum kawg tau hloov dramatically teem ntawm kev txhais tau tias siv nyob rau hauv lub automation txheej txheem, vim li ntawd ntau npaum li cas tau hloov thiab cov qauv.

Tam sim no cia li systems raws li nyob rau hauv niaj hnub super-computers uas yuav qhia ntau npaum li cas impressive xam hwj chim tshaj tib kaum xyoo dhau los. Uas yog vim li cas tam sim no ua muaj ntau npaum li cas uas nws kim heev zog rau cia systems, xws li lub preservation ntawm cov kev tshwm sim rau tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, tso zis rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau txhua lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim yam, lub tsev lag luam ntawm tshwj xeeb ncauj lus kom ntxaws uas, uas yuav cia tau siv tej kev xaiv rau ib tug heev kawg leej tswj txhua tau tshuab.

Tam sim no lub inspectors tau ua ntau npaum li cas succinct, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob ze sib thooj mus rau ib qho cia li, thiab cov chaw taws teeb deb, uas tso cai rau ib tug ntau npaum li cas saj zawg zog tswj system. Yog li ntawd koj yuav tau yooj yim xav txog tej yam li cas nws yuav sib txawv heev los ntawm kaum xyoo dhau los niaj hnub daim ntawv automation tswvyim. GOST 2006 yuav muaj kiag li tsis muaj tseeb niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, raws li yog lub automated systems uas yuav tam sim no yuav hloov los ntawm ib tug ntau npaum li cas zoo.

Yuav ua li cas puas lub tswvyim ntawm automation?

Nws yog tsis muaj daim card hais tias xws li ib tug tswvyim yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv rau tus tsim ntawm lub Hoobkas automation, kav los yog muaj lwm yam ntau lawm units. Nws piav nyob rau hauv feeb meej txhua yam uas yuav muaj xws li automation, nrog rau cov kev siv technology tshiab khoom, ntawm lwm yam uas ntawm cov khoom no, kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntsiab, thiab hais txog.

Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas ib qho tseem ceeb yog xaiv nyob rau hauv lub automation circuits - thiab lawv tig ib tug yooj yim daim ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug succinct thiab meej tswvyim. Ib tug saib nyob rau ntawm nws txaus rau feem ntau soj ntsuam tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev automation thiab to taub dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas nws yuav muab los siv. Cim rau cov automation ntawm lub schemes yuav tsum tau kom meej raws li ua tau, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm daim duab yuav tau tsim twb lwm cov ntaub ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no tswvyim yog raws li koj paub, yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov ntsiab ntawm cov tag nrho cov txheej txheem automation, thiab nws siv yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws qib - down mus rau lub me tshaj kom meej.

Yuav ua li cas yog xwm nyob rau hauv daim duab?

Kev tswvyim ntawm automation - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws daim duab ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab ntawm ntau lawm thiab kev sib txuas lus nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Firstly, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias kiag li tag nrho cov khoom muaj tso tawm rau lub tswvyim yog zwj ceeb, uas yog, lawv tsis sib haum los zoo li nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Ob, lub scale yog tsis pom, yog li ntawd lub tswvyim muaj dab tsi ua li cas tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub tiag tiag proportions thiab ratios. Yuav kom nrog no cov tswvyim, koj yuav tsum to taub hais tias nws yog xwb zwj ceeb sketch, uas muab tus tuav ib lub tswv yim ntawm yuav ua li cas lub operating ntsiab ntawm lub ntau lawm, thiab lawv yuav ces nrog lub automation system.

Kev tswvyim ntawm automation, nyob rau hauv tus, ib qho kev hom ntawv, thiaj li hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov tej yam tshwm sim yog standardized. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov qhua yuav tsum mus depict cov khoom thiab kev sib txuas lus nyias kab, thaum tus txheej txheem ntws yog xaiv fatter. Muaj ntau ntau txawv designations, thiab? nrhiav tau tag nrho, koj yuav tsum tau muaj cuab kav nrog cov qhua.

tib hom li

Scheme ntawm automation dab yuav ua tau heev heev heev. Nyob ntawm seb dab tsi zoo ntawm cov khoom no muaj nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj, ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khw thiab outlets yog kev, nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog optimizing txoj kev npaj. Thiab tus thawj txoj cai siv rau zoo xws li pab kiag li lawm. Lub fact tias cov tswvyim feem ntau yuav ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab, raws li txawv departments yuav tsum tau txawv le caag. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias nws tshwm sim hais tias muaj yog tib hom li los yog hais, lawv yuav tsum tau piav los ntawm ib tug tswvyim, muab rau nws qhov link lwm qhov.

Cia hais tias koj muaj tsib tib yam li uas koj xav mus tso saib nyob rau hauv lub explanatory ntawv. Yog hais tias lawv ua tib yam, siv tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov automation. Hais tias yog, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug schema rau cov thawj ntawm cov pab kiag li lawm, thiab ces qhia kom meej hais tias cov tib tswvyim yog muaj feem xyuam rau cov seem plaub seev. Raws li koj tau pom, automation tswj Circuit Court muaj ntau nthuav thiab tseem ceeb uas muaj nqi kawm, raws li lawv zoo heev pab txhawb koj lub neej thiab yuav ua rau txoj kev ntau npaum li cas yooj yim thiab npaum.

nrog cim Ntxhuav

Nws yuav zoo li hais tias xws li ib tug trifle li cov cim ntawm automation schemes yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug kuj free yam, tab sis nws yog ua tau deb ntawm lub rooj, thiab nws yog heev nruj nreem tswj. Koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib daim rooj rau cov cim, uas yuav tsum muaj ob tug kab - ib tug yuav muaj lub npe ntawm ib tug ntaus ntawv, ib lub kev sib txuas lus thiab thiaj li nyob, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau qhia ncaj qha rau heev cim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov tej yam kev mob yog heev nyuaj - txawm muab los ntawm ib tug kev kem dav nyob rau hauv lub rooj, yog li ntawd yog koj tsis muab qhov chaw rau lub tswv yim.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj muaj peev xwm txua koj tus kheej cov cim, tiam sis ntawm no, dua, nws muaj nws cov kev cai, uas feem ntau yog ua raws li tag nrho cov. Uas yog, yog tsis muaj kev los, piv txwv li, mus cuag cov kav dej los yog lawv kev tshuam, tab sis nyob rau hauv feem ntau coj los sawv cev rau lawv raws li congruent nrog txhua lwm yam kab, raws li zoo raws li los ntawm ib tug tas mus li thiab lwm yam discontinuous los yog nrog ob tug kab, ib tug ntawm uas ua ib tug semicircular khoov ntawm cov kev tshuam. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias txawm hais tias koj siv cov cim, koj tseem yuav tau hais nws nyob rau hauv lub rooj ntawm lub cim. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv no txoj kev ua ib tug haumxeeb tswvyim ntawm automation.

tsab ntawv cim

Ib yam ntawm cov loj cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub automation schemes, tsis hais seb nws yog ib tug ua hauj schematic daim duab los yog lub rooj automation yog tsab ntawv designations. Lawv ua si ib qho tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm thiab nqa ib qho impressive nyiaj ntawm lub ntsiab lus, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum twv yuav raug hu kawm tau dab tsi tej zaum yuav sawv cev rau ib tug los yog lwm yam ntawv, uas yog sau ntawv nyob rau hauv tej yam tej yam kev mob. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nco ntsoov hais tias tus tib daim ntawv no yuav muaj ob peb lub ntsiab. Piv txwv li, tej zaum nws yuav siv tau los txhais lub ntsuas nqi thiab ib txhij tej ntaus yam ntxwv. Yog, feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv muaj ib tug ntawm ob tug designations saum toj no. Piv txwv li, "A" nruab nrab taw, thiab "E" qhia ib qho hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqis. Tab sis muaj cov tsiaj ntawv uas muaj peev xwm yuav piav raws li ib tug los yog lwm yam seem. Piv txwv li, "H" - thiab nws yuav manually effect thiab lub Upper txwv ntawm lub measurand.

Ntxiv mus, ib co ntawv qhia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub measured nqi, tiam sis tej zaum nws yuav tseem noj ob qhov tseem ceeb - thawj thiab. Ntau precisely, qhov no yuav yog lub ntsiab measurand los thiab ntxiv mus, uas qhia txog cov measured nqi. Yuav kom pab tau koj to taub, koj yuav tau muab ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug "D" tsab ntawv. Lub ntsiab muaj nqis hais tias nws sawv cev rau rau ntawm lub drawings - lub ceev. Tab sis tej zaum nws yuav tseem muaj ib tug ntxiv los rau lwm tus qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, nws yuav qhia tau qhov txawv los yog differential. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tsab ntawv cim yuav tsum tau them tshwj xeeb xim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab qhov tseeb hais tias lawv kuj siv cov saum toj no-hais hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab thaiv daim duab ntawm lub automation.

Ob txoj kev ntawm kev tsim circuits

automation tswvyim yuav muaj ob txoj kev cim, thiab qhov no yog tseem ceeb heev. Lawv muaj ib tug muaj zog cawv rau qhov uas nws yog nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau tag nrho cov tswvyim yuav kos mus txog. Yog li, txoj kev muaj peev xwm yuav yooj yim zog thiab nthuav. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, rau hauv Circuit Court yog yooj yim zog rau ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus. Tshwj xeeb, qhov no yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub fact tias tag nrho cov ntawm cov automation cov cuab yeej uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj yog sawv cev sib npaug, piv txwv li lawv tsis muaj kev cim. Raws li rau lub thib ob hom, txhua yam yog ntau npaum li cas complex thiab ntau haiv neeg. Txhua automation txhais tau tias yog thov mus rau nws tus kheej tswvyim los, uas, lawm, yog kaw nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub rooj, uas peb twb hais saum toj no.

Lug siv ob qho tib si le caag, cia li txhua yam uas lawv yuav siv nyob rau hauv lub qhov teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, yooj yim npaum li mus ua ib tug sketch, nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov automation cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau qhia raws li ib tug tib caij. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau ib tug nkag siab txog ntawm lub system raws li ib tug tag nrho. Tab sis tej zaum nws yog tseem ceeb yog ib tug sib sib zog nqus to taub ntawm txheej txheem automation, li ntawd, txhua yam ntawm lub tswvyim nyias looms. Txawm li cas los, nws yog ib nqi recalling tias txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub scale yog tsis hwm. Rau txhua hom ntawm schemes yuav zoo yuav nqa tawm tag nrho automation. Technological schemes yuav ua tau heev npaum li cas, tab sis lawv tsis muaj ib co zoo ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Txhua txhia tus yog ib tug me ntsis txawv, txawm noj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias ib tug zoo deal ntawm nws yuav tsum yoog mus lees qauv.

Graphics automation khoom

Kev txheej txheem automation tswvyim yuav muaj xws li ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov cim, tab sis muaj cov neeg uas koj pom muaj ntau heev. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub cim uas yog khi rau tej cuab yeej thiab automation pab kiag li lawm, dav siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub systems. Lawm, lawv hom tshwm sim ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas thiab tam sim no ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau sau rau lawv tag nrho. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm xav txog tej yam ib tug ob peb yooj yim, xws li cov thawj transmitter, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm yooj yim heev - nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lub voj voog. Tab sis yog tias koj pom ib lub voj voog, uas yog muab faib nyob rau hauv ob kab, nws yuav tsum yog ib tug txawv kiag li ntaus ntawv - ib tug ntaus ntawv uas yog ntsia tau rau tej thaj chaw deb tswj.

Yog hais tias koj pom ib lub voj voog, uas ncaim los ntawm ib tug ncaj kab, nws txhais tau tias koj tab tom nrhiav Actuator - tab sis nws yog ib tug generic lub sij hawm. Muaj ob peb hom actuators, txhua tus uas lub cim yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau ntxiv hais, xws li ib tug xub nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub kab ncaj nraim nrog ib tug Ode rau cov neeg sab nrauv, nrog ob tug luv luv kab ncaj nraim, crosses perpendicular mus rau ib tug ntev txoj kab ncaj nraim, tsab ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub vajvoog thiab thiaj li nyob. Lub regulator yog xws li ib tug tsi ntawm "nyo hau" - ob cov vajvoos peb sab uas kov ib tug ntawm cov vertices. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nqis ntsoov teev, thiab ib qho ntaus ntawv uas tsis yog tas mus li uas txuas mus rau nws lub twj paj nruag. Nws yog denoted los ntawm ib tug semi-kos lub voj voog uas muaj ib tug ncaj kab txuas rau los ntawm nws.

Cov zauv nyob rau hauv daim duab

Thaum nws twb tham tsis tau txog lub graphical cim hais tias koj yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv tej daim duab ntawm automation, thiab peb tham txog cov tsiaj ntawv, uas muaj peev xwm thiab yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv cov schemes. Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov nuj nqis tej zaum kuj yuav siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm xws duab. Koj yuav tsum to taub hais tias tej daim duab nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg txhua yam, thiab cov ntau txoj kev muaj yog ib tug los, qhov zoo thiab qhov ntau luaj lub tswvyim yuav raug tso tawm. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau twv yuav raug hu siv tus xov tooj raws li lawv cov kom zoo dua yog qhov tseeb hais tias tom qab lawv tsis enshrined tej qhov tseem ceeb. Koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug tag nrho cov lus nyob rau hauv uas koj piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb uas txuas mus rau qhov no los yog hais tias daim duab. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau muab cov cim ntawm tej zoo sib xws, txog qhov tseem ceeb.

Raws li ib qho piv txwv pipeline automation tswvyim. Cov zauv rau nws yog ua tau kom paub tias tag nrho cov tshuaj, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam feem ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Daim duab 1 - nws yog dej, daim duab 2 - khub niam txiv 3 - huab cua thiab thiaj li nyob. Lawm, txhua Circuit Court nws muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb, txawm li cas los los cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog ib qho piv txwv. Koj yog kev ywj siab xaiv yuav ua li cas nws txhais ib qho kev caij ntawm koj cov tswvyim nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm cov nuj nqis.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, peb yuav hais tias automation - qhov no yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev thiab ntau cov txheej txheem hnub no, uas plays ib tug tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub lag luam, nyob rau hauv ntau lawm thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau nyob rau hauv tej tshav pob ntawm kev ua si. Yog li ntawd yog nqus tau ib competent thiab yog haumxeeb automation tswvyim - nws tseem yog ib tug tseem ceeb kev txawj, txij thaum xws ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub automation txheej txheem yog nqa tawm ntau npaum li cas sai sai thiab nraaj. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab leej automation tswvyim - ib tug guarantee ntawm zoo tiav ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab lub txuas ntxiv hauj lwm ntawm lub automated ntau lawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem niaj hnub no yog them xws ze mloog.