Kev paub cov ntsiab lus: kev kawm ntawv thiab kev siv cov

Tej zaum peb yuav nrhiav tau peb tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib haiv neeg ntawm cov neeg, nyob qhov twg peb hnov feem ntau txawv thiab txoj lus. Tsis to taub lawv tseem ceeb, peb xav tias ib tug me ntsis tawm ntawm qhov chaw, thaum cov lus no yog ncaj qha mus txog rau peb. Lo lus piav txog cov tshwj xeeb dab thiab phenomena los ntawm ib tug kev ceg ntawm kev txawj ntse - nws yog ib tug kws paub cov ntsiab lus.

Lus Txhais ntawm kev paub cov ntsiab lus

Qhov no zoo ntawm cov lo lus - nws cov lus tshwj xeeb los yog lem ntawm kev hais lus, kev qhia, uas yog muaj kev koom siv nyob rau hauv tej cheeb ntawm kev ua si ntawm tus txiv neej. Cov lus no yog ib tug me ntsis sib cais, vim hais tias lawv tsis siv ib tug loj loj ntawm cov pejxeem, tsuas ib tug me me ib feem ntawm nws, yuav tau txais kev kawm ntawv. Kev cob qha cov vocabulary lus yog siv los piav qhia txog los yog hais cov dab ntau lawm thiab phenomena, siv ib lub profession, raw cov ntaub ntawv, zaum kawg tshwm sim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab so.

Muab qhov no zoo ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv cov lus system siv los ntawm ib tug kev lub teb chaws

Muaj ntau ntau teeb meem tseem ceeb hais txog ntau yam ntawm professionalism uas tseem kawm linguistics. Ib tug ntawm lawv: "Yuav ua li cas yog lub luag hauj lwm thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev paub cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub system ntawm lub teb chaws hom lus?"

Muaj ntau cam hais tias kev siv ntawm kev paub cov ntsiab lus yog ib yam nkaus xwb tsis pub dhau ib tug muab tshwj xeeb, ces nws yuav tsis tau hu ua lub teb chaws. Txij li thaum lub tsim ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb cov lus, nyob rau hauv feem ntau muaj yog dag, nws yog lawv kev tsis haum cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov lexicon. Nws lub ntsiab feature yog tias nws cov ntaub ntawv xws li ib tug paub cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm tej yam ntuj tso kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus tsim thiab tus tsim ntawm ib lub teb chaws cov lus muaj peev xwm coj ib tug heev lub sij hawm ntev, tsis tau hais tias hais txog cov kev lexical units. Rau hnub tim, linguists thiab linguists pom zoo hais tias cov kev paub cov ntsiab lus tsis yog ib tug txawj hais lus, tab sis nws muaj nws tus kheej qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv.

Qhov txawv ntawm cov kev paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm terminology

Tsis yog txhua txhua tus inhabitants paub lub terminology thiab cov lus uas ib tug tshwj xeeb txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Paub qhov txawv ntawm ob tug no lub tswv yim rau lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov keeb kwm kev loj hlob. Terminology sawv kuj ntev los no, cov tswvyim no yog hais txog cov lus uas niaj hnub science thiab technology. Kev paub cov ntsiab lus raws li nws cov ncov mus txog rau hauv lub hnub ntawm handicraft ntau lawm.

tswv yim kuj txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lawv cov official siv. Lub terminology siv nyob rau hauv scientific ntaub ntawv, ntaub ntawv qhia txog, kev sib tham, tshwj xeeb tsev. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog tus nom lus ntawm ib tug science. professions paub cov ntsiab lus siv "semi-official", uas yog, tsis yog nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb cov khoom los yog kev cov ntaub ntawv. Kws txawj kev profession yuav siv nws nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab to taub txhua lwm yam, thaum lub sij hawm uninitiated yuav tsis yooj yim kom to taub li cas lawv tau hais tias. Kev cob qha cov ntsiab lus, piv txwv ntawm cov uas yuav tsum tau tham rau hauv qab no, yog ib co lus tsis sib xws rau cov terminology.

1. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub siab lub ntsws coloring ntawm kev hais lus thiab imagery - cov tsis muaj kev qhia thiab kev xav, raws li zoo raws li paj lug cov nqe lus.
2. Tshwj xeeb cov lus siv yog tas rau ib tug conversational style - tsis yog nyob ntawm seb cov nqe lus ntawm lub niaj zaus style ntawm kev sib txuas lus.
3. Ib tug tej yam ntau yam ntawm txawv los ntawm cov cai ntawm kev sib txuas lus - nruj ua raws li cov kev hais lus.

Raws li cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov nqe lus thiab kev paub cov ntsiab lus, cov kws txawj yog inclined rau cov kev tshawb xav hais tias cov tom kawg yog hais txog cov kev parlance. Qhov txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm muab piv rau lawv nrog txhua lwm yam (bagel - ib tug kauj log, lub system unit - sistemnik motherboard - motherboard thiab lwm tus).

Ntau hom lus nyob rau hauv kev paub cov ntsiab lus

Kev paub cov ntsiab lus muaj ob peb pab pawg ntawm cov lus:

• professionalism;
• technicism;
• kev thiab ua dog ua dig lus.

Professionalism yog hu ua lexical khoom uas tsis muaj ib tug ncaj qha kev cim. Lawv suav hais tias "semi-official" thiab qhov yuav tsum tau rau xa mus rau tej tswvyim los yog cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv qhuav, Tshuag thiab cov khoom siv, cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv raw thiab thiaj li nyob.

Technicism - nws yog lo lus ntawm kev paub cov ntsiab lus, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub kos duab thiab tsuas yog siv ib tug tsawg vajvoog ntawm cov neeg. Lawv yog cov heev tshwj xeeb, uas yog sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg uas tsis yog nplooj siab mus rau ib tug kev profession, nrog lawv cov kev pab yuav tsis ua hauj lwm.

Vocational thiab ua dog ua dig lus yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txo kev paub qhia lo xim. Tej zaum cov ntsiab lus yog kiag li cov zajlus kom, thiab muaj peev xwm to taub xwb ib tug kws nyob rau hauv ib tug cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, kev paub cov ntsiab lus siv nyob rau hauv cov zajlus hom lus?

Hom ntawm tshwj xeeb cov lus muaj peev xwm feem ntau yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv txhua hnub, hais lus thiab sau ntawv. Tej zaum professionalism technicism thiab jargon yuav hloov phem cov ntsiab lus nrog cov lus txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhob science.

Tab sis muaj ib tug txaus ntshai ntawm thoob plaws siv cov jargon nyob rau hauv periodicals - lub sau yog ib qhov nyuaj rau paub qhov txawv cov nyob ze rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub tswvyim, li ntawd, muaj coob tus neeg yuav ua tau yuam kev nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom ntawm ib tug ntau lawm. Ntev saturation professionalisms ntawv nyeem txwv tsis pub nws mus pom, defeats lub hom phiaj thiab style kom tus nyeem ntawv.

Vocational thiab ua dog ua dig tej lus no tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv tej ntaub ntawv. tsis muaj leej twg ntawm tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem lawv yuav tshwm sim raws li ib tug characterological txhais tau tias. Qhov no hom tsis tau ib tug normative cim.

Raws li ib txoj kev professionalism nyob rau hauv no hom ntawm hom lus?

Cov ntsiab lus uas, raws li txwv mus rau kev paub cov ntsiab lus, tsim nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev:

• Piv - noj lus, tsiaj ntawv ua pib thiab cov hauv paus hniav ntawm Latin, Greek lus thiab ntxiv rau lawv qhov tsim nyog Lavxias teb sab lus. Piv txwv li, "candy bar" - "mono" ( "ib zaug xwb, unitary") ntaus ntawv.
• Rethinking - paub ntau lo lus (tej zaum implying ib tug txawv lub ntsiab lus) adapts rau cov txheej txheem thiab enshrined nyob rau hauv lub terminology.
• Qiv - lo lus los ntawm lwm hom lus siv los txhais tau peb cov nqe lus.

kev paub cov ntsiab lus tsim tshwm sim los ntawm simplifying cov nqe lus, tej zaum lawv yuav raug txiav los ntawm qhov ntev lus txhais cov ntsiab lus tswv yim. Cia li zoo li cov nqe lus, professionalism peev xwm yuav tsim los ntawm kuas, rethinking qiv. Tab sis qhov no poob yuav tsum tau cai stylistic, kev xav los yog kev paub qhia lo (woodpecker - ib tug rauj laum, ib daim ntawm cov hlau - steel qauv).

piv txwv jargon

Qiv thiab redefining - lub ntsiab yooj txoj kev los ntawm cov uas tsim kev cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv ntawm hom ntawm tej lus sib tham hauv qab no.

Professionalism: montazhki - los ua ke seem, cov kis - ib pab pawg neeg uas tshuav rau pem hauv ntej Tyagun - nce toj, hauv qab daus - tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv qab ntawm daim ntawv.

Technicism: dyuymovka - board thickness ntawm ib nti.

Tso-lus dev lus: "vkuril?" - "Kuv tau txais nws?" Noodles - ob-hlau.

Thaum tshwj xeeb cov lo lus yog tsis tsim nyog?

Kev siv cov jargon yog tsis ib txwm stylistically justified. Txij li thaum lawv tau hais nyob rau hauv cov xim, lawv siv yog tsis tsim nyog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv yeej. Vocational thiab ua dog ua dig lus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv general yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Qhov no kev sib tham nyob rau ib lub feature ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm science, yog li ntawd lawv siv nyob rau hauv txhua hnub hais lus.