Khoom txaus nyob rau hauv logistics: ib tug txheej txheem cej luam, yam ntxwv, hom thiab schemes

Khoom txaus - ib tug yooj yim cov kwv ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev tswj thiab optimization ntawm logistics. Nws yog ib tug zog ntawm cov khoom cuab tam nyob rau hauv lub enterprise thiab tshaj.

Logistics khoom txaus - ib txoj kev ntawm Workers thiab tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm tej theem ntawm ntau lawm nyob rau hauv yuav ua kom cov profits.

Hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus logistics

Muaj ntau ntau classifications ntawm lub turnover ntawm cov khoom. Tus thawj yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm piv rau lub logistic system. Nws muaj xws li peb hom tsev:

• tswv yim;
• tso zis;
• sab hauv;
• tsos.

Tus thawj yog cov kwj uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub mov system los ntawm cov sab nraud ib puag ncig. Nws yog txhais los ntawm cov hauv qab no mis: sum ntawm cov khoom txaus, muab faib los ntawm lub unloading lub lag luam.

Lub tso zis khoom kwj, conversely, nkag mus rau rau hauv lwm ib puag ncig ntawm lub enterprise. Yuav kom txiav txim nws tus nqi, nws yog tsim nyog los nteg cia tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xa los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom thiab warehouses.

Internal txaus yog tsim los ntawm kev ua tej yam haujlwm rau lub industrial zaub mov xa tuaj tsis pub dhau ib lub koom haum los yog logistics system. Sab nraud cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus yog hais txog cov dej num ntawm lub koom haum, raws li zoo raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom los ntawm cov khoom los yog chaw hauj lwm qhov chaw ua hauj.

Cov kev faib ntawm cov khoom ndlwg ntawm lub ntau yam thiab assortment

Qhov no cov yam ntxwv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab uas muaj ib yam khoom ntau. Cov khoom txaus tej zaum yuav muaj ib zaug xwb-product thiab multiproduct. Tus thawj hom hais txog zus tau tej cov ib hom, thiab lub thib ob - mus rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom.

Assortment ntws dlhos li odnoassortimentnye thiab multiproduct. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov khoom los yog cov khoom xa.

Suam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas ndlwg ntawm lub physicochemical zog

Tej cargoes yog mineral loads los yog roob hauv paus chiv keeb. Cov no muaj xws xuab zeb, ore, thee, tej yam ntuj tso agglomerates thiab tshaj.

Tej cargo - khoom uas hais tias yog thauj nyob rau hauv tej. Qhov no grain thiab cereals, raws li zoo li lwm yam zoo xws li cov.

Tej cargoes thauj nyob rau hauv tankers, tej hlab ntsha. Tus txheej txheem ntawm shipping thiab tsheb thauj mus los yog tsis tau tsis muaj tshwj xeeb kev kho vajtse.

Unitized cargo - cov khoom muaj sib txawv lub cev thiab tshuaj zog thiab tsis. Nws yog thauj nyob rau hauv ntim, hnab, thawv, tsis muaj tus pob.

Lwm yam classifications ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsev

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsheb khiav classifiers khoom cuab tam yuav pab kom accounting cov ntaub ntawv kom zoo.

Khoom logistic flows raug muab faib los ntawm cov nram qab no:

• Los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Pawg - zoo nkaus li thaum muaj ib tug loj zaub mov xa tuaj ntawm ib tug consignment ntawm cov khoom. Me - shipping ntawm me me consignments nrog ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus load ntawm lub tsheb. Close - zaub mov xa tuaj los ntawm cov khoom yog nqa tawm los ntawm ob peb lub tsheb los yog tshuab. Middle - cov khoom uas yog los ntawm thauj me me lub tsheb los yog ib lub tsheb.
• Kev ceeb thawj. Hnav tsev ua rau nws tsis yooj yim sua rau siab siv lub peev xwm ntawm lub tsheb. Thaum hnyav muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv thauj lub tsheb permissible load peev xwm.
• Raws li cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm compatibility. Nws yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account lub compatibility thiab incompatibility ntawm cov khoom thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los, tuav thiab cia.

Kom lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas khiav yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub kawg faib. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv. Peb yuav tsum xa khoom noj siv mis los ntawm lub warehouse mus rau lub khw muag khoom outlets. Nrog rau nws yuav tsum tau xa confectionery. Txee lub neej nyob rau hauv cov sib txawv khoom. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsis tau loaded rau hauv lub tsheb.

Principles ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus

Muaj ntau ntau yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov kev npaj ntawm tuaj ntawm cov khoom. Khoom txaus sau raws nkaus Ii cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua yam.

ntaub ntawv kev tswj system yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov yooj yim hauv paus ntsiab lus: obschelogisticheskih thiab meej. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yog dej num raws li nram no:

1. System mus kom ze - yog siv nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg logistics system. Tus aim yog rau optimize cov khoom txaus thiab kom muaj profits.
2. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov nqi - ris ntaub ntawv ntws. Lub hom phiaj yog mus qhia cov kev tswj cov nqi ntawm tus logistics system.
3. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb no optimization - optimization thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev tswj raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm harmonization ntawm lub zos chains.
4. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm nruab nrab lub hom phiaj rau lub redistribution ntawm cov nqi - cov koom haum ntawm lub logistics txheej txheem ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab ntawm lub cev.
5. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm comprehensiveness. Siv los tsim thiab optimize logistics cov kev tswj.
6. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm logistical kom sib haum thiab kev koom ua ke. Qhov no kev kawm tau ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub logistics system ntawm ib tug raug nroj tsuag.
7. tag nrho zoo tswj hauv paus ntsiab lus. Nws muab txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov lag luam ntawm txhua lub caij ntawm lub logistics system.
8. Modeling hauv paus ntsiab lus yog siv los tsim, tsom xam, lub koom haum ntawm logistic dab nyob rau hauv ntau circuits ntawm lub system.
9. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sustainability thiab adaptability. Logistics system yuav tsum khiav lag luam stably. Yuav kom kawm tus ntawm tsis zoo yam tseem ceeb, nws yog tau mus nrhiav kom tau lub logistics ntawm tej enterprise.
10. lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ncaj ncees - muab cov ntaub ntawv kev koom tes ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.

cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus system yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kaum hauv paus ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom nws lag luam, nws yog tsim nyog los siv lwm yam tsis thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub logistics system.

ntaub ntawv los xyuas dua

Ruaj lag luam ntawm lub ntau lawm chaw yog tsis tau tsis muaj ib tug zoo-tsim logistics. Muaj ob txoj kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus tswj: thawb thiab tiag tiag system.

Tus thawj txoj kev assumes uas zus tau tej cov khoom pib, yog ua li cas thiab xaus rau tib lub theem ntawm lub ntau lawm kab, nyob ntawm seb lub logistics system. Txhua qhov kev txiav txim pom zoo. Cov kev hloov ntawm cov khoom yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ntawm kev hais kom los ntawm ib hom kev tswj chaw. Cov zajlus muaj ib tug meej lub hom phiaj thiab ntau lawm cov nuj nqis. Tag nrho cov system Cheebtsam yog ua tau hauj lwm nyias, tab sis yog ua ke.

Tus tam sim no system yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov khoom (raw cov ntaub ntawv, tiav lawm cov khoom, thiab lwm yam) tuaj mus rau qhov chaw raws li yuav tsum tau. Nyob rau hauv no system, muaj yog tsis muaj centralized tswj. Nws muaj txhawb rau ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv cov lus nug, raws li lub zog ntawm cov khoom tsev yog cia li ob peb lub ntsiab ntawm lub logistics system.

QAUV thawb system logistic khoom txaus

Ntawm no yog cov approximate tsheb qauv: ntau lawm - ntim - shipping.

Feem ntau, ib tug raug lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb teev cov ntaub ntawv uas txaus txheej txheem no muaj tshaj li 10 ntsiab:

• kav rau lub workpiece cov khoom;
• kav rau nws ua;
• raug cov nroj tsuag ntawm ntau hom;
• thawj saib xyuas txoj cai;
• tswj rhiav;
• ntim tsev thiab thiaj li nyob.

Nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub hom manufactured khoom, raws li zoo raws li nws tus yam ntxwv.