Koj puas paub lub npe menyuam yaus Pushkin?

Aliases pab kom to taub kev ua hauj lwm ntawm paj huam thiab sau ntawv, nyeem ntxiv txog lawv biography. Muaj ntau sau ntawv yog paub los ntawm cov npe uas yog tsis tau muab rau lawv thaum yug: Maxim Gorky (AM Peshkov), Anatole France (Anatol Tibo). Cov tsab xov xwm no mob siab mus teb cov lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe menyuam yaus Pushkin?"

Ib me ntsis ntawm kev tshawb xav

Ceev nws lub npe nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm neeg sau ntawv thiab paj huam los ntawm lub kos npe rau ntawm ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm tseem siv cuav npe - Aliases. Yog vim li cas yog no ua li cas?

• Nrog ib tug saib kom dag censorship.
• Vim hais tias ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv prejudices.
• Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tus naas ej namesakes.
• Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau ib tug comic nyhuv.
• Yuav kom muab lub npe ntawm sonority thiab cov koom haum ua teb.
• Thaum ib tug qauv ntawm tus cwj mem. Nthuav paub lub alias ntawm Pushkin nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, thaum nws tsis tau paub yuav ua li cas nws ua hauj lwm zoo li cov txawj nyeem ntawv.

Dmitriev sau tau ib monograph mob siab rau "cuav npe" - "nkaum nws lub npe." Nyob rau hauv nws, nws pom tias 57 hom ntawm Aliases siv los ntawm tus sau phau ntawv. Piv txwv li, qhia npe, thaum cov npe yog nyeem nyob rau hauv rov qab txiav txim: Ivan Krylov - Navi Volyrk; cryptonyms thaum siv npe los yog lwm yam abbreviations: K. Batyushkov - B-s.

li ntawd, cov tsev neeg

Lub legacy ntawm Pushkin yog tseem qhov kev kawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, ua tag nrho cov tshiab discoveries thiab sim piav qhia siv ib qho kev kos npe rau uas cov ntaub ntawv ntse heev. Nws lub npe yog cluttered nrog myths xwb thiab legends, ib tug ntawm cov uas muaj feem xyuam rau lub fact tias nws twb tua nyob rau hauv ib tug duel, thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Dumas. Yuav kom to taub uas nws yog rau Russia, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ntau ntsib nrog cov hauv paus hniav. Alexander Pushkin - los ntawm ib tsev neeg nrog ib tug nplua nuj pedigree. Nws tus yawg koob - Anplahas Hannibal, yog ib tug "me nyuam kawm ntawv" ntawm Peter I. Nws txiv, Sergey Lvovich, sab laug cov tub rog kev pab cuam, kom paub nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov zajlus ua hauj lwm. Yog ib tug naas ej kws sau paj lug thiab tus txiv ntxawm Vasiliy Lvovich, yog ib tus thawj kom paub txog cov txuj ci ntawm nws lawm tub.

Aristocratic hauv paus pib thiab respected npe, uas xav noj peb caug, tau coj mus rau lub fact tias tus sau tsis tau ib tug mus tas npe menyuam yaus. Pushkin twb yuam kom muab ib tug neeg lwm tus kos npe rau ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm lwm yam. lub kws sau paj lug tsev neeg yog tsis muaj nyiaj, tab sis los ntawm tus ntawm A. I. Turgeneva tus tub hluas yog cov zoo tshaj plaws cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm noble tsev neeg, tswj ib tug tshiab tsev kawm ntawv - Lyceum uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tis ntawm lub Palace ntawm Tsarskoye selo, uas yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm siab haum.

Lyceum lub sij hawm

Nws yog ib tug ntawm 30 feemxyuam hluas cov txiv neej cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv thawj chav kawm ntawm 10/19/1811, mus txuas ntxiv mus ua qhov zoo ntawm cov Fatherland nyob rau hauv lub departments, nyob rau hauv cov tub rog thiab rog. Rau xyoo, lub neej yav tom ntej zoo kws sau paj lug yog cov finest xib fwb ntawm lub sij hawm uas los txhob nyeem ntawv thiab them sai sai mus rau lub ncaj ncees, lub cev thiab aesthetic kev kawm ntawv. Tag nrho cov menyuam kawm ntawv txig muaj nqe ntawm ib tug ntawm lawv - A. Delvig - twb teem rau suab paj nruag thiab tau los ua tus anthem ntawm lub Lyceum. Nws yog ntawm no blossomed poetic txuj ci ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej ntse heev.

Nws twb tsis muaj kev vam meej nyob rau hauv lej disciplines, tab sis nws yog ib tus thawj rau tej zaj lus kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Nws txuj ci taw tes qhia tawm: tus poj G.Derzhavin historian Karamzin, ib tug zoo heev kws sau paj lug Vasily Zhukovsky. Username Pushkin nyob rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm ntawv twb nyob rau hauv lub lyceum xyoo. Cov no yog cov phau ntawv Magazine "Herald ntawm cov teb chaws Europe", "Leej Tub ntawm tus Fatherland" thiab "Lavxias teb sab Muzeum".

Tus thawj ntawv

Paj Huam "Yuav kom ib tug phooj ywg lub kws sau paj lug" twb sau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob rau hauv 14 lub xyoos. Raws li ib tug version, nyob rau hauv 1814 nws tau xa mus rau ib tug magazine luam tawm los ntawm AV Izmailov, ib tug neeg uas coj phooj ywg tsev neeg ntawm Pushkin, Aleksandr Delvig. Frenchman thiab concertina (npe menyuam yaus Pushkin) cov phooj ywg suav hais tias yog feem ntau feemxyuam, tab sis nws yog tseem tsis tau muaj ib zaug xwb ntawv, txawm hais tias ib co ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv twb muaj kev tswj kom paub qhov txawv lawv tus kheej. editors nyiam paj huam, tab sis lawv tsis tau kos npe, thiab tus sau tau txais ib tsab ntawv hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau los daws kom tau qhov teeb meem no. Kos npe, uas nws siv - qhov no yog thawj alias Pushkin nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas. Deciphering nws tsis ua teeb meem, txawm hais tias nws thov ib txhij anonymous thiab Krypton: Alexander N.k.sh.p. Nws muab tshem tawm nws lub npe los ntawm lub niam ntawv, sau ntawv nws rau lwm txoj kev nyob ib ncig ntawm.

Nws yog lub npe hu: nws tus txiv ntxawm Vasiliy Lvovich yog feem ntau siv es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug kos npe rau lub npe tsis vowels, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug tib neeg yam: P.sh.k.n. Hluas Pushkin, nyob rau hauv ib tes, tau qhia kev ywj siab, nyob rau lwm yam - pom hais tias nws yuav txuam nrog nws tus txiv ntxawm-txawj sau ntawv.

lwm pseudonyms

Thaum lub sij hawm hauv lub xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm lub Lyceum kws sau paj lug sau txog ib puas kwv huam muaj nyob rau hauv tus sau los ntawm tej hauj lwm. Plaub lub sij hawm nws twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub "Phau ntawv Journal ntawm cov teb chaws Europe", kos npe ua hauj lwm tsis tau tsuas yog N.k.sh.p, tab sis tsab ntawv P. thiab tsifronimami, rau piv txwv, 1 ... 14-16. Yog hais tias es tsis txhob ntawm tus xov tooj rau tus cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, peb yuav pom cov thawj lub npe, lub xeem lub npe thiab cov thawj tsab ntawv. Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe menyuam yaus Pushkin txawv fundamentally ntawm no mus kom ze? Twb nrog "Memoirs nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye selo" ( "Lavxias teb sab Muzeum"), nws txo nws hwj nws lub npe. Nws yog nrog no zaj paj huam los rau nws kawm tau zoo.

Nws nqa mus nyob rau hauv lub poetic vajvoog "Arzamas", uas muaj xws li V. Zhukovsky. Tom qab, lub cim xeeb ntawm lub sij hawm no, nws kos npe rau ib co ntawm nws tsim yaam tshab: Arz. (Arzamasets) Cm. al. (Laus arzamasets), St ... ch.k (Kab civliv - npe menyuam yaus cov vajvoog neeg). Nws kos npe cuav npe. Yog li ntawd, ob pamphlets tau sau rau sawv cev Feofilakt Kosichkina. Pom kev soj ntsuam thiab lwm yam kos npe ntawm tus poj poet Yehuda chlamydia, Fabkis, D. Davydov, Igor Ivanov, thiab txawm Pushkin J. no alias siv los mus paj huam yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi Yazykovo. Tom qab retiring los ntawm kev pab cuam, thiab ua ib tug publisher, tej zaum Pushkin xav sib cav tswv yim nrog cov neeg sau rau qhov no thiab siv tag nrho cov npe no. Sawv tawm "Belkin", qhov twg nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia, tus sau txawm tuaj nrog cov biography ntawm lub caij Belkin, yog supposedly tus sau.

Los yav tom ntej NM Karamzin

Qhov zoo Lavxias teb sab historian, yog tsis muaj Hmoob mus rau lub lyrics thiab nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm 1799 sau paj huam "Lub Prophecy." Qhov kawg kab nyob rau hauv nws yog ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov kev yug nyob rau hauv 1799 ntawm ib tug tshiab Pindar (Greek kws sau paj lug V-IV caug xyoo. BC. E., tus tsim ntawm odic paj huam). Nws twv ua ntej tuaj yeej muaj tseeb. Xyoo yug ib tug ntse heev ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, uas tau npaj rau ib tug zoo destiny. Thiab cia nws yeej tsis kos npe rau lawv tej hauj lwm ntawm lub ancient Greek lub npe ntawm tus sau, peb muaj peev xwm hais tias: Pindar - yog ib tug pseudonym ntawm Pushkin, muab rau nws los ntawm txoj cai lij choj, NM Karamzin.