Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet: pes tsawg leeg thiab daim ntawv teev cov ships

Tom qab tus txheej xwm ntawm 2014 lub Crimea dua attracted tus mloog ntawm tsis tsuas yog Russians, tab sis kuj, tej zaum, lub ntiaj teb no. Thiab nws tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug nom tswv scandal nruab nrab ntawm ob lub teb chaws - Russia thiab Ukraine. Thiab nws tsis yog hais tias lub swiftness uas Russia tau tuav Crimean lag luam. Thiab hais tias tom qab rov qab los ntawm lub Crimean Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet tau pom ib tug thib ob lub neej.

Nws yog tsis muaj daim card uas thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo ntawm cov tswv cuab los ntawm Ukraine Crimean ntug dej hiav txwv Crimean txoj kev loj hlob zoo heev slowed down, thiab nyiaj txiag kev pab los ntawm lub xeev txhab rau tus txij nkawm ntawm lub ceg av qab teb faib heev me ntsis. Qhov no kuj cuam tshuam lub naval bases nyob rau hauv Crimea. Qhov tsab xov xwm sim piav qhia txog dab tsi rau hauv lub zeem muag ntawm Russia muaj los tsim lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet nyob rau hauv lub Crimean ceg av qab teb.

Balaklava bay. Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Peb paub los ntawm keeb kwm uas lub teb thiaj li lub Crimea tuaj nyob rau hauv cov tswv cuab ntawm Russia, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Balaklava Bay nkoj Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet tau deployed. Txij li thaum 1776 Balaklava Greek infantry battalion yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw no. Lub hauv paus ntawm no battalion yog neeg txawv teb chaws, koom protivoosmanskogo revolt rau lub Islands tuaj ntawm lub hiav txwv Aegean. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias feem ntau cov Tsarina Catherine lub Great, nws tau sau lawv haum lub siab tawv Greeks.

Los ntawm 1853 mus 1856, thaum lub sij hawm lub Crimean tsov ua rog, Balaklava bay thiab tau yuav los ntawm British pab tub rog. Lawv muab nyob rau hauv lub Balaklava Bay tub rog puag thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, twb ua tawm assaults thiab cov tub rog kev pab txhawb nqa yog nyob rau hauv lub siege ntawm Sebastopol.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas cov fleet ntawm Ukraine thiab Russia raws li ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 1994 Dub hiav txwv Fleet nyob rau hauv Crimea muaj ib tug tag nrho 153rd thiab 155th Brigade ntawm lub 14th Division.

Nyob rau hauv no 475 th cov kev faib muaj 14 th loj thiab 9 nruab nrab submarines thiab floating puag submarines.

Tab sis kuv yuav tsum hais tias lub submarine "Zaporizhia" (Project 641), ceded rau Ukraine thaum lub sij hawm lub division ntawm lub fleet, cov kev tsis rau lub database yog tsis tsim nyog.

Thiab tom qab uas lub division ntawm lub fleet, nws twb raug xa mus rau lub docks rau kho, uas yog tseem sim los tuav lub Ukrainian Navy.

Tom qab lub xyoo 1995 Lavxias teb sab Navy thaum kawg tshuav cov dej Ukraine, Balaklava puag tau tso tseg. Thiab nws tiag tiag "tswv" muaj zoov ntawm ferrous thiab nonferrous co, lub hauv paus muaj ib tug lossis loj cov lus nug ntawm cov khoom thiab cov cav tov.

Thiab tom qab ib nyuag lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm thaum lub Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet sab laug lub hwv dej ntawm Ukraine, Balaklava puag yog ib tug heartbreaking pom.

Nws tseem yog ib qho khoom uas kawm rau hauv lub nroog thiab lub bay los ua ib tug underground cog rau lub restoration thiab kho ntawm submarines Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Top-daim card puag tau nquag siv los ntawm tus Soviet Union thaum lub sij hawm tus mob khaub thuas ua tsov ua rog thiab raws li ib tug khw ntawm nuclear riam phom.

Zoo siv daim card puag, tab sis mus nqa tawm mus ncig tebchaws tours ntawm cov tub rog submarine puag, rau Ukrainian cov tub ceev xwm tsis tau pom.

Nws muab faib cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet

Ib daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv lub caij thiab tej yam kev mob ntawm Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet nyob rau hauv lub hwv dej thiab ports ntawm Ukraine tau kos npe rau hauv Kiev rau 28 Tej zaum 1997, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug intergovernmental daim ntawv cog lus. Tsis tas li ntawd teev cov tej yam kev mob ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet thiab kev koom hais txog qhov no faib. Cov ntaub ntawv tau raug ratified los ntawm lub Xeev Duma thiab lub Ukrainian Parliament nyob rau hauv 1999

Qhov kev pom zoo ua rau nws tau mus rau faib lub Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet thiab lub Ukrainian Navy. Lub ntsiab puag thiab lub tsev hauv paus, nws twb txiav txim siab mus rau tawm Sevastopol. Ib tug vaj tse tsis sib haum yuav tsum tau muab coj mus rau hauv tus account daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv lub division ntawm vaj tse. Zog ntawm Guj kuj yog li ncaim mus 87,7% thiab Ukraine - 12.3% ntawm tag nrho cov hlab ntsha.

Thoob plaws hauv lub sij hawm no harmonize kev cai lij choj raws li txoj cai ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet thiab nws cov tom ntej txoj hmoo, ntawm chav kawm, tsis zoo rau lawv tej kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm ua. Muaj ntau los ntawm 1991 mus 1997. qho kev tshwm sim pom raws li ib tug qhov tseeb hais tias cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet Russia yog maj mam tab sis muaj tseeb tuag.

Dub hiav txwv Fleet ib nrais muag

Kev sib piv ntawm cov zauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no lub sij hawm yuav tsis ntxiv dag zog rau morale ntawm lub neeg.

Yog li ntawd, sib piv cov zauv.

1. Cov Dub hiav txwv fleet nyob rau hauv 1991:

- Cov neeg ua - 100 txhiab tus neeg ..

- Cov ships - 835 ntawm tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm cov chav kawm:

• submarines - 28;
• missile cruiser - 6;
• anti cruisers - 2;
• BOD II plaws, ncuab thiab saib xyuas ships II qib - 20;
• TFR - 40 units;
• me me missile tej nkoj nquam thiab ships - 30;
• trawlers - 70;
• amphibious ships - 50;
• Naval Aviation - ntau tshaj plaub units.

2.Chernomorsky Lavxias teb sab fleet nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1997:

• Tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg ua - 25 txhiab tus neeg .. (Nrog 2 txhiab. Txiv neej nyob rau hauv nqe ntaus rog aircraft thiab Marine Corps).
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov ships - 33.
• Ntawm aircraft nyob rau hauv lub fleet - 106 (uas 22 tauj).
• Armored tsheb - 132.
• Hais kom posts - 16 (yog 80).
• Kev sib txuas lus chaw - 11 (los ntawm 39).
• Hauv kev pab cuam chaw - 11 (nws yog 40).
• Khoom rear - 9 (50).
• Nkoj kho chaw - 3 (7).

Nyob rau hauv seem 1997 ntawm lub Ukrainian Navy yog:

• Warships - 30.
• Submarines - 1.
• Combat aircraft - 90.
• Tshwj xeeb cov hom phiaj ships - 6.
• kom ntseeg tau tsev hais plaub - 28 units.

Tus tam sim no lub xeev ntawm cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet

Dub hiav txwv tub rog Fleet ntawm Russia yeej ib txwm tau thiab tseem raug nyob ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb ntawm stability thiab kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb hiav txwv-mus qhia. Dub hiav txwv Fleet warships cia li ua txhua yam kom los xyuas kom meej tias cov kev pab raws qib yog nyob rau hauv tus ciam teb ntawm lub hiav txwv dub thiab lub Mediterranean.

Tab sis lub Dub hiav txwv fleet yog tau ua kev sib ntaus los paub tab thiab tseem nyob rau hauv sib txawv thaj tsam ntawm lub dej hiav txwv.

Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet ships ntse ua paub tab nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv ntawm Nyiv, kev koom tes nrog rau lub Baltic Fleet. Tsev hais plaub ntawm lub pab neeg uas koom nyob rau hauv lub thauj fleet txij nkawm ua hauj lwm los mus thauj Syrian tshuaj riam phom nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Mediterranean.

Nyob rau ib tug tsis tu ncua kom Dub hiav txwv Fleet ships ntse lub rooj sib tham txoj kev sib tw ntawm combating piracy.

Ua rau theem ntawm kev sib ntaus los

Crimea Rov qab mus rau cov qauv ntawm cov zog ntawm Guj kuj yuav undoubtedly txhim kho lub kev sib ntaus los hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Russia nyob rau hauv ib tug npaj paus muaj lub sij hawm kom zoo zoo tsim lub Navy rau lub Crimean ceg av qab teb.

Cov tub rog hiav txwv rog yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv lub Crimea, ib tug kev system, uas muaj xws li thiab av bases. Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet lawm mas lub ntsiab puag rau kev pab ntawm ships - Sevastopol.

Basic ntsiab cai ntawm kev pab raws li systems thiab naval infrastructure - self-sufficiency thiab functionality. Koj yuav tsum tau rov equip lub chaw raws li nto ships thiab submarines, nqaum tiv thaiv pab tub rog ntawm tag nrho cov tsim nyog muab ib tug ua tiav kev pab cuam thiab lub neej.

Daim ntawv teev cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet ships

Cov phau ntawv pib ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntaub ntawv uas peb yuav kwv yees li cas lub Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet niaj hnub no.

Nyiaj nto ships thirtieth division:

• Tiv thaiv missile cruiser "Moskva".
• "Kerch" - loj antisubmarine nkoj.
• Watchdog nkoj "Ntse-witted".
• Patrol nkoj "OK".
• Patrol nkoj "inquisitive".

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub tsaws ships 197th Brigade:

Loj amphibious ships:

• "Nikolai Phylchenkov".
• "Orsk".
• "Saratov".
• "Azov".
• "Novocherkassk".
• "Caesar Kunikov".
• "Yamal".

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub 68 th Brigade khwb ships:

Me antisubmarine ships:

• "Aleksandrovets".
• "Muromets".
• "Suzdalets".

Hiav txwv trawlers:

• "Kovrovets".
• "Ivan Holubec."
• "Turbinist".
• "Vice-Admiral Zhukov."

submarines:

• "Rostov-on-Don" - B237.
• "Novorossiysk" - B261.
• (EX- "Zaporozhye") - B435.
• "Alrosa" - B871.

Missile tej nkoj nquam 41st Brigade:

• "Bora".
• "Sandstorm".
• "Nqig".
• "Ua zaim muag".

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 295-th division Sulina:

Missile tej nkoj nquam:

• "P-60".
• "P-71".
• "P-109".
• "P-239".
• "Ivanovets".

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub 184th Brigade (Novorossiysk)

Antisubmarine ships:

• "Povorino".
• "Yeisk".
• "Kasimov".

trawlers:

• "Zheleznyakov".
• "Valentin Pikul".
• "Vice Admiral Zakhar'in".
• "Mineral Dej".
• "Lieutenant Ilyin."
• "RT-46".
• "PT-278".
• "D-144".
• "D-199".
• "D-106".

Nws tsis muaj mus nrhiav ib qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub tsev hauv paus ntawm Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet yuav muab tso rau. Sevastopol yog tus tshaj plaws haum rau no (nyob rau hauv tib lub qhov chaw nyob qhov twg, mus txog rau thaum lub peb hlis ntuj 19, 2014 tau raug muab tso rau thiab lub tsev hauv paus ntawm lub Ukrainian Navy).

Zeem muag rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub submarine fleet

Tom qab tsev hais plaub nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv seem yog armed nrog ib tug submarine - diesel "Alrosa".

Rau hnub tim, Zog ntawm Guj kuj muaj ib tug kev pab cuam mus rau theem peev xwm submarine armed forces ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Tej yam uas qhov kev siv ntawm cov kev siv zog, Russia lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet submarine yuav pom twb nyob rau hauv 2016.

By lub sij hawm no cov kev tsim ua kom tiav rau tshiab diesel submarines. Qhov no replenishment ntawm lub submarine fleet yuav radically hloov qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm rog nyob rau hauv lub dub hiav txwv.

BSF yuav tam sim no yuav tau daws ntau yam teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub underwater depths thiab cov ua pawg mus cuag kev sib ntaus los hom phiaj.

Ceev faj cov hnub rau nkag mus rau submarines yog cov sib txawv. Piv txwv li, twb 22 Lub yim hli ntuj 2015 nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg twb tsa los ntawm St. Andrew tus chij nyob rau hauv diesel-hluav taws xob submarine "Novorossiysk". Tom qab ib tug tag nrho-scale kev ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv ntau yam ntawm sab qaum teb Fleet, nws yuav undoubtedly tau raws kev coj mus rau lub site ntawm ib tug ntev-lub sij hawm lub tsev.

Qhov thib peb submarine ntawm lub series ntawm cov hlab ntsha rau Dub hiav txwv Fleet ntawm qhov kev pab cuam 636 - "Stary Oskol" - yog launched rau lub yim hli ntuj 28, 2015 Tom qab qhov kev kawm thiab lub xeev ntawm cov complex xeem "Stary Oskol" yuav muab nws qhov chaw raws li ib feem ntawm cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet.

Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua. Ntxiv tiav ntawm lub submarine hull, "Krasnodar" thiab raug ua kom tiav launched "Rostov-on-Don".

Lawv yuav tsum tso ob lub submarines ntawm peb tes num ntxiv dag zog rau Dub hiav txwv Fleet submarine - "Kolpino" thiab "The Great Novgorod".

Tag nrho 6 submarines "636 diesel" kev pab cuam - hluav taws xob thiab kom txog thaum 2016 lawv yuav tsum tau pauv mus rau Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Crews ntawm cov submarines yog tsim thiab kawm nyob rau hauv lub chaw kawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov rog.

lawj-raws li aircraft

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus Dub hiav txwv fleet yog yuam ua hauj lwm kom muaj ib tug tag nrho cov lawj aircraft. Tam sim no nws yog ua tau rau kom tus nqi ntawm fleet daim ntawv rov ntxiv naval aviation. Nws yog npaj los hloov lub Su-24 aircraft nyob rau hauv lub tshiab Su-30 MS.

Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob hnov qab hais tias nyob rau hauv lub Crimea yog ib tug cim txheej ntawm threads. Rau ntau xyoo, aircraft carrier-raws li aircraft ntawm lub sab qaum teb Fleet nyob rau hauv lub Crimea tau honed lawv cov kev txawj nyob rau ntawm no cim complex.

Tsis tas li ntawd ua rau tus nqi ntawm kev kho uas twb muaj lawm fleet nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Tag nrho cov no yuav tso cai rau mus cuag ib tug predetermined qib thiab muab aircraft Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub aircraft npaj txhij mus ua kev sib ntaus los missions yuav tsis pub dhau 80% ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau npaum li cas.

Recreating raws li systems

Nws yuav tsum mus recreate rau lub Crimean ceg av qab teb, ib lub tsev system uas yuav ua tau raws li tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau rau qhov kev kawm ntawm kev sib ntaus los missions nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam.

Tsev puag yog stationed nyob rau hauv Sevastopol, nyob rau hauv tib yam khoom rau lub txiag ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet yuav deployed.

Lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau rau qhov kev tso kawm raws li systems yog lawv ua tiav kev ywj pheej rau lub hauv paus ntawm functionality thiab nws tus kheej-sufficiency. Qhov chaw nres nkoj, qhov twg Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet yuav tsum muab tso rau, nyob tus yeees ntawm cov ships, ob leeg nto thiab underwater, yuav tsum muaj txhua yam koj xav tau mus nqa ib tug tag nrho cov kev pab thiab lub neej.

Yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub Crimea nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm shortest yuav tau teem caij mus xws lawm qhov chaw uas yuav tau raws li niaj hnub yuav tsum tau thiab technologies. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav pab tau cov newest ships, uas tuaj txog rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv fleet, pib ib phased hloov ntawm cov tshiab tshuab cov khoom siv.

Tam sim no, tsoom fwv teb chaws unitary enterprise nyob rau hauv Sevastopol cia tuaj mus rau lub neej. Nws tau raug kho ob tug loj anti-submarine ships ntawm lub sab qaum teb Fleet (lawv yog ib feem ntawm lub task force ntawm cov rog hauv lub Mediterranean Hiav txwv).

Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog ua hauj lwm kho diesel submarine "Alrosa". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias neeg ua hauj lwm 'nyiaj ua hauj lwm tau raug coj tuaj rau lub tag nrho-Lavxias teb sab theem.

Tam sim no lub Lavxias teb sab Dub hiav txwv Fleet nyob rau hauv Sevastopol tau ib tug niaj hnub kho puag.

Cov tib ua hauj lwm yog ua nyob rau hauv Novorossiysk rau tsoom fwv teb chaws tsom kev pab cuam uas yuav kav mus txog 2020. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam, nws muab siv Novorossiysk qhov chaw ntawm cov txiag ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet rog. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, raws li tau zoo raws li Sevastopol, qhov chaw nres nkoj nrog nws cov tsawg fencing pier, muaj tseeb yuav tsum yog lwm sib ntaus sib tua qhov chaw txiag ntawm Lavxias teb sab ships thiab submarines.

equipping ships rau cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet

Yuav ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm navigation nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv cheeb tsam, lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet yuav hydrographers loj ntau yam kev ua ub no. Nws yuav tsim nyog los ua kev cai kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nqaum dej, uas yuav ua rau lub haum ntawm lub navigation maps. Hydrographic daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas ships BSF xyuas hauj lwm ntawm xov tooj cua navigation systems, ua raws li los ntawm kho thiab Modernization.

No tag nrho complex ntawm tej hauj lwm yuav ho cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm navigation nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawd, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav luag Russia lub Dub hiav txwv fleet, ua los ntawm cov ships yog tas li tshiab.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav equip lub complex underwater submarines thiab nto ships Dub hiav txwv Fleet yuav supplemented los ntawm rau cov hlab ntsha, uas yuav undoubtedly muaj ib tug zoo feem nyob rau tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ua thiab tso cai rau ua paub tab tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub luag hauj lwm, uas tso cai rau cov Dub hiav txwv Fleet, tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws.