Lermontov tej hauj lwm. Lermontov Mihail Yurevich: creativity

M. Yu. Lermontov - tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab classic uas yog ib tug ntawm cov brightest thiab feem ntau feemxyuam paj huam, luag sau ntawv, playwrights, romantic destinations. Tag nrho cov kos duab ua hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov unusually lyrical, paug tais thiab yooj yim ntaus nqi los ntawm tus nyeem ntawv. Nws txawj ua hauj lwm yog heev npaum li cas los ntawm tej ntiaj teb no magnitude li D. G. Bayron thiab A. S. Pushkin.

kev nrhiav caj ceg

Npe menyuam yaus Lermontov muaj cov hauv paus hniav ntawm ib tug neeg uas Scotland, George Lermontov, uas tau ua hauj lwm rau huab tais ntawm Poland, uas thaum lub siege dawb Lavxias teb sab yuav. Nws tuaj koom lub troops ntawm lub Moscow pab tub rog. Thiab txij li thaum 1613 nws tau sau npe nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm lub Emperor ntawm Russia, thiab rau kev ncaj ncees kev pab cuam tau txais av chaw nyob rau hauv Galichsky County (Kostroma).

Npe menyuam yaus Learmonth thiab coj qhws tus naas ej Scottish kws sau paj lug ntawm lub XIII xyoo pua - Thomas. Npe menyuam yaus Lerma kuj yog ib tug Mev duke. Li ntawd, kuv saib rau kev twb kev txuas nrog cov pog koob yawg koob-Scots, tiam sis feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov rau nws yog captivating kev sib raug zoo nrog tus Mev Duke - minister of King Philip III. Lermontov muaj txawm tias ib tug 'Mev' voj voog nyob rau hauv lub fine arts, vim hais tias nws kuj yog zoo heev artist.

Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm tus me nyuam yug ntawm kws sau paj lug Lermontov yug ntau poorer. Leej Txiv Yuri Petrovich twb cim nrog ib tug zoo nraug teb thiab ib tug zoo siab, tab sis heev luv luv-tempered thiab tej zaum kuj heev frivolous. Nws qub txeeg qub tes Kropotovka nyob rau hauv Efremov county bordered nrog lub npe S. A. Arsenevoy (nee Stolypin). Nws tus ntxhais - Maria M. romantic - yuav tsis pab tab sis lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog no charming neeg nyob ze thiab, txawm nws niam lub tawm tsam, yuav nws. Tab sis domestic kev zoo siab yog short-lived, sab sab los ntawm tuberculosis thiab tshee breakdowns vim hais tias ntawm lub qhov infidelities ntawm nws tus txiv, nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1817.

Mihaila Lermontova thaum yau

Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Lub kaum hli ntuj 3, 1814 yug Mikhail Lermontov. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, nws yog sickly, chim thiab tshee me nyuam tub. Nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm diathesis, scrofula, thiab qhua pias. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm kuv twb tawm tsis tau mus pw vim rickets, uas coj mus rau lub curvature ntawm ob txhais ceg. Tom qab rau hauv thaum ntxov tuag ntawm niam Lermontov sab laug tsuas yog vague, tab sis heev zoo rau nws lub siab dluab. Pog Elizabeth Arsenyev coj kev kho mob ntawm tag nrho cov haujlwm nyob rau hauv nws upbringing thiab tus so ntawm nws lub neej ua tib zoo tu nws. Tab sis tus tub-nws cia li yuav tsis sawv ntsug nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig. Yuri Petrovich vim ua yeebncuab nrog leej niam twb yuam kom khiav tawm nws qub txeeg qub tes thiab tawm nws tus tub. Txawm li cas los, nws tseem poob rau hauv ob peb lub sij hawm mus rau nws niam nrog rau cov tswv yim mus khaws rau nws tus kheej Michael, tab sis tag nrho cov yog nyob rau hauv vain. Tus tub pom cov kev sib ntxub, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj heev los ua tim nws tag nrho. Nws lossi raug kev txom nyem thiab wavered nruab nrab ntawm nws pog thiab txiv. Nyob rau hauv tus yeebyam Menschen und Leidenschaften Lermontov reflected tag nrho cov yaam puab paub nyob rau hauv no hais txog. Ces lawv tsiv mus nws pog lub qub txeeg qub tes hu ua Tarkhany (Penza xeev). Muaj yog yuav luag ploj mus, thiab tag nrho cov kws sau paj lug lub thaum yau.

Hluas thiab cov hluas

Nyob rau hauv 1828, Lermontov tau pib kawm nyob rau ntawm lub nce tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau ntawm lub Moscow University. Tom qab ntawd nws hais ntxiv hais nws cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov zajlus department ntawm tib lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tab sis nws thiaj li nws twb yuam kom muab nws li vim hais tias ntawm ib tug sib cav sib ceg nrog ib tug loj reactionary professors. Nws cov hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv tsis ntseeg. Thiab kuv pog hais tias nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv nkag mus hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv lub khwb warrant tub ceev xwm thiab cavalry Kawm ua tub rog. Hluas Lermontov tsis heev tshwm sim tub rog ua hauj lwm, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws ua npau suav kuj zoo kawg thiab feats uas tau ua rau nws pog koob yawg koob, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv nws lub siab paub tias nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog tos rau tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus.

Nyob rau hauv 1834 nws kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab mus ua hauj lwm rau ib tug cornet nyob rau hauv Nizhny Novgorod Hussars. Tus thawj ua hauj lwm, uas nyob rau hauv luam nyob rau hauv 1835, tsis muaj nws kev txawj ntse, yog tus paj huam "Haji Abrek".

Links mus rau lub Caucasus

Lermontov tej hauj lwm twb feem ntau cov yaj saub. Nyob rau hauv 1837 nws mob siab A. S. Pushkinu nws fateful paj huam "Kev tuag ntawm ib tug Poet", uas kaw rau tus tuag ntawm tag nrho cov high-theem hwj chim nyob rau hauv Russia, coj los ntawm Tsar Nicholas I. Tom qab ntawd nws twb raug xa mus rau hauv exile rau lub Caucasus. Ib xyoo tom qab ntawd nws rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg, tab sis vim lub duel nrog lub Frenchman Ernest de Barant dua xa mus rau lub Caucasus nyob rau hauv ib tug infantry tso kom muaj kab muaj kev. Nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua, nws pom unprecedented ua siab loj thiab ua siab loj, tab sis cov huab tais yog tsis muab nqi zog nws yeej tsis hais tias. Lermontov txawm tu ncua ib tug so nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab kom ob hnub rau tawm hauv lub nroog.

Thaum rov qab mus rau tso kom muaj kab muaj kev, Lermontov nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk nres mus kho tau ib tug me ntsis, tab sis muaj nws muaj tus absurd sib cav sib ceg vim hais tias ntawm nws ridicule, txawm tshaj Natalia Solomonovna - tus muam Martynov, ib tug classmate thaum cov tub rog lub tsev kawm ntawv, los ntawm uas nws yeej tsis tshua tau sib cav. Nws xav hais tias Lermontov yog nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws, thiab nws ua cim Mary nyob rau hauv lub "Hero of Our sij hawm," nws piav rau nws. Lub Xya hli ntuj 15, 1841 coj qhov chaw ib duel. Nws M. Yu. Lermontov raug tua instantly N. S. Martynovym. Cov mos txwv mus cai los ntawm nws los ntawm nws lub siab.

Rau tag nrho cov no ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm allotted los ntawm Vajtswv, tsim xws nto moo tej hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov, uas tau los ua tiag tiag masterpieces ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Qhov no thiab "Song ntawm lub lag luam Kalashnikov" thiab "novice" thiab "Dab", raws li zoo raws li ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm lyrical kwv huam, ua yeeb yam "Masquerade" thiab cov uas tsis txawj tuag tshiab "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm".

"Ashik Kerib"

Lermontov lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Ashik Kerib" yog tsim raws li ib tug romantic oriental taleas txog kev hlub. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov zajlus ua Azerbaijani pej xeem taleas, hnov lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv exile nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus. Qhov no yog zoo thiab kaj ua hauj lwm ntawm txoj kev hlub ntawm ob tug hluas heroes ntawm cov neeg pluag Ashik Kerib thiab nws tus hlub - ib tug ntxhais ntawm ib tug nplua nuj ua lag luam Magul-Mageri. Ashik Kerib yuav ua txhua yam nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua nplua nuj thiab yuav nws tus hlub. Tab sis paub qab hau thiab resourceful Magul-Mageri kuj yuav tsis sawv ib sab thiab pab nws ua lawv poj niam yuam cai. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lawv yuav tag nrho yuav zoo siab ua ke. Qhov no zoo nkauj taleas tau ib zaug xwb nyeem ntawv tsis yog sab laug untouched.

"Hero of Our Lub sij hawm"

Cov dab neeg "Ib tug Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" Lermontov sau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 25, ib xyoo ua ntej nws tragic kev tuag. Qhov no dab neeg tau raug tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug neeg novels, cov dabneeg luv luv, mus ncig teb chaws tsab ntawv thiab chaw muag mis nyuj nkag. Rau cov neeg sau ntawm ib tug loj kev tshwm sim yog cov duab ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab, interspersed tshooj, keeb kwm kev muaj tiag yog tsis tseem ceeb heev. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog nyuab los ntawm lub fact tias nyob rau hauv nws cov dab neeg narrate peb hais dabneeg: mus txawv tebchaws tub ceev xwm, Maksim Maksimych, thiab thaum kawg, lub ntsiab cim - Grigory Pechorin. Duab Pechorin thoob plaws cov khoom qhia tawm nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, nrog rau cov lus ntawm ib tug qhua, tus kheej acquaintance thiab cov phooj ywg ntawm tus hero rau nws tus kheej. Tus nyeem ntawv yuav maj delve rau hauv lub psychology ntawm Pechorin. Ua ntej muaj yuav ces, ces thiab xwb ces ntxaws lub deepest tsom xam thiab introspection. "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" Lermontov twb xub luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1840 nyob rau hauv lub St. Petersburg publishing tsev nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia los sis Glazunova.

"Sail"

Dua li ntawm qhov tsis yooj yim thiab cav ncauj cim, Lermontov - ib tug maj mam romantic lub siab thiab ib tug zoo creator. Indelible tswv yim yuav luag tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov. "Sail" - ib qho ntawm nws kuj zoo kawg masterpieces, sab laug rau yav tom ntej cuab yeej cuab tam. Nws sau nws trembling ntsuj plig, uas sawv ntawm ib tug kev tshuam ua ntej lub fateful kev txiav txim siab, thiab nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd ib tug hluas kws sau paj lug, nkawd yuav npaj txhij rau dab tsi. Nws tsuas yog 17 xyoo. Nws yuav tau los ua ib tug Decembrist los yog revolutionary, tab sis txoj hmoo tau npaj nws lwm lub luag hauj lwm.

Luv luv sib lawv liag rooj Lermontov

Cov me nyuam tej hauj lwm Lermontov

Lub ntsiab ntawm thaum yau yog reflected nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej hauj lwm thiab yeej ib txwm tau ib tug khub ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Cov me nyuam kwv huam ntawm tus naas ej poet unusually maj thiab lyrical. Lawv tau sau nrog tej yam tshwj xeeb ua siab zoo thiab warmth. Cov me nyuam ntawm Lermontov tej hauj lwm xws li zoo kawg li paj huam raws li "tus me nyuam", "Cossack nkauj", "Tus me nyuam ntxim hlub lub hnub yug" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nyuaj tau lub neej nyob rau hauv Lermontov, tab sis txawm tag nrho cov no, nws tseem yog menyuam yaus thiab tag nrho nws cov "golden Springtime" nws yeej ib txwm suav tias yog qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej.

Tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog cim thiab txawv. Yog li ntawd, lawv yeej tseem txaus siab rau tej cim ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv.