Arts thiab lom ze, Ntaub ntawv
Literary pab kiag li lawm, los yog tsis zoo li cas lawv yuav tsis ua sau ntawv
Literary pab kiag li lawm lug siv txhua lub sij hawm, thiab tsis tsuas cov classics, los yog tus sau phau ntawv ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv li, paj huam, thiab txawm zoo tib yam neeg rau ib tug zog recreate zaj dab neeg tau hais. Yog tsis muaj lawv tsis tig ntxiv liveliness nyob rau hauv prose, paj huam los yog ib tug txheej txheem kev, lawv kho thiab tso cai rau koj kom meej xav tias yog dab tsi nws xav qhia rau peb lub cev.
Tej yam khoom, hais txog ntawm nws cov me me los yog artistic, yog tsis muaj xwb raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus, tab sis kuj ncaj qha mus rau lub poetic suab. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias tej ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau kis tau mus rau lub sib dhos. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias nws yog mos mos thiab zoo nkauj, ntws zoo li paj huam.
Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kev sau ntawv artistic hom kev kawm yog txawv heev los ntawm cov neeg hais tias cov neeg siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Ib tug dog dig tus neeg, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yuav tsis khaws cov lus, nws yuav muab tawm xws li ib tug kev sib piv, ua piv txwv qhia, los yog, piv txwv li, ib tug epithet uas yuav pab tau nws sai sai mus piav qhia txog dab tsi. Nrog hais txog tus sau phau ntawv, lawv ua rau nws zoo nkauj, tej zaum txawm heev pretentious, tiam sis tsuas yog thaum yuav tsum tau los ntawm cov khoom raws li ib tug tag nrho los yog nws ib tug neeg ua cim nyob rau hauv particular.
| receptions | meej | piv txwv |
| epithet | Cov lo lus uas txhais lub yam khoom los yog qhov kev txiav txim, thaum stressing nws cov yam ntxwv cov cuab yeej. | "Ntseeg-cuav zaj dab neeg" (AK Tolstoy) |
| kev sib piv | Paj lug kab zauv, uas txuas ob tug sib txawv kev kawm rau tej qho nta. | "Tsis nyom khoov rau ob sab mus rau hauv av - leej niam longs rau cov neeg tuag tus tub" |
| ua piv txwv qhia | Ib qho kev qhia uas yog kis los ntawm ib yam khoom mus rau lwm rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev zoo sib thooj. Thaum zoo li no ob kwv yog txawv txawv rau ib tug txiav txim los yog ib qho chaw. | "Cov snow lus dag," "hli ywg kiag rau lub teeb" |
| impersonation | Lub attribution ntawm tej yam tib neeg txoj kev xav, cwj pwm txawv los yog ua hauj lwm ntawm kev kawm, uas lawv tsis muab. | "Quaj Ntuj", "Cov nag ntog" |
| irony | Ridicule, uas feem ntau yuav qhib ib lub ntsiab lus tsis tooj mus rau cov tiag tiag. | Zoo meej piv txwv - "tuag Souls" (Gogol) |
| npaum nkaus | Siv cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov khoom, uas taw tes rau lwm phau ntawv, txiav txim los yog keeb kwm tseeb. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv. | Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv feem ntau muaj kev vam meej kev siv npaum nkaus Akunin. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Lub ntiaj teb no - ua yeeb yam" los ua ib tug siv rau qhov theatrical lawm "Tsis Liza" (Karamzin) |
| repetition | Ib lo lus los yog kab lus hais tias yog rov qab ob peb lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv tib kab lus. | "Sib ntaus, kuv tus tub, sib ntaus, thiab ua cov txiv neej" (Lawrence) |
| pun | Ob peb lo lus nyob rau hauv tib kab lus, uas yog zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv suab. | "Nws - tus Thwj Tim, thiab kuv - mutt" (Vysotsky) |
| aphorism | Ib tug nyuag kab lus hais tias muaj ib tug generalization ntawm philosophical kev xav. | Thaum lub caij, steel aphorisms nqe lus los ntawm cov ntau tej hauj lwm ntawm classical ntaub ntawv. "Rose tsw ib tug rose, sawv txawm lub npe nws, tab sis yog tsis muaj" (Shakespeare) |
| thaum uas tig mus lug | Cumbersome taub Tawvv, uas tso cai rau cov txawj nyeem ntawv mus rau daim ntawv ib lub koom haum. | Cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm advertising slogans. "Mars. Nws yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv chocolate" |
| streamlined qhia | Universal epigraphs, uas yog siv los ntawm schoolchildren sau tsab ntawv. | Cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm advertising slogans. "Peb yuav hloov lub neej rau qhov zoo dua" |
| kab mob sib kis | Yog nqus tau los ntawm ib lo lus los ntawm ob tug sib txawv. | Cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm advertising slogans. "Zoo heev raj mis" |
Yog li, kev sau ntawv pab kiag li lawm yog li miv uas tus sau phau ntawv tshwm sim ntau tau rau lawv siv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias overreliance rau cov ntsiab yuav tsis ua ib tug zoo nkauj khoom. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj nyob rau hauv kev siv lawv ua kev nyeem ntawv du thiab mos mos.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog lwm muaj nuj nqi, uas muaj kev sau ntawv kiag li lawm. Nws tsuas yog los siv rau lawv feem ntau tsis mus rau revive lub cim tsim nyog los tsim ib qho chaw uas yog haum yooj yim tsis muaj yeeb yam zoo. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsis txhob tuav mus, vim hais tias thaum lub yi yog loj hlob, tab sis cov kev rho tawm thiab tsis nyob ze, tus nyeem ntawv yuav yeej pib khiav dhau ob lub qhov muag rau pem hauv ntej kom zoo ntaug koj tus kheej. Yuav kom kawm tau li cas rau masterfully siv kev sau ntawv pab kiag li lawm, koj yuav tsum tau muaj cuab kav nrog tej hauj lwm ntawm tus sau phau ntawv uas twb paub yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nws.
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