Lub biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mis nyuj

Mammary caj pas - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb kabmob nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov pojniam ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj. Qhov no caj pas synthesizes mis nyuj, uas yog ib lub xwb zaub mov rau lawv cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob postnatal. Mammary caj pas nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj yog feem ntau hu ua lub lub mis nyuj. Lub mis nyuj ntawm tus nyuj muaj plaub cais qog. Txhua faib hlau tswg (lawv nyuj - 5-20), txhua feem - mus rau hauv slices. Cov yooj yim yam ntxwv thiab tej chav tsev ntawm lub caj pas yog lub alveolus, uas yog shrouded nyob rau hauv ib tug tuab network ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Mis - polydisperse system muaj tseeb thiab colloidal kev daws teeb meem, kev rho tawm thiab emulsions. Nyuj cov kua mis yog ib tug dawb kua nrog ib tug yellowish ntxoov ntxoo, sweetish saj thiab nrog ib tug tsis hnov tsw.

Mis synthesized nyob rau hauv lub alveoli, tej - nyob rau hauv me me thiab medium-qhov loj qhov excretory ducts. Cov uas ua daim card los nyob rau hauv loj ducts, thiab ces accumulates nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj thawv. Ntxiv thauj mus rau hauv lub txiv mis kwj dej thiab tso tawm rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Mammary caj pas zog lactation lub sij hawm, uas kav txog 300 hnub.

Mis - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab khoom noj khoom haus rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov nqaijrog, lipids, carbohydrates. Cov nqaijrog mis nyuj nyuj nqis ntawm 96-99%, lipids - 95, carbohydrate - 98%.

Rau cov khoom noj cov neeg feem ntau siv mis nyuj nyuj, tsawg - tshis, mares, ntxhuav, twm, mos lwj maum, zebu thiab yak.

Cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm cov mis nyuj

txog ob puas ib tug neeg tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj. Cov tebchaw yuav tau muab faib ua tsib loj fractions: ntsev, dej, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins. Nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj, dej yuav nyob ua ib ke nyob rau hauv ob lub xeev: free thiab ua txhua yam. Thaum ywm, kom qhuav thiab lwm yam kev kho mob, free dej yog yooj yim muab tshem tawm. Ki uake dej yog ib feem ntawm lub solvate zoo li polydisperse systems. Nyob rau hauv tshiab mis nyuj concentration ntawm bound dej yog hais txog 3.5% mus rau 2.6% mis.

Lub protein muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mis nyuj. Lub concentration ntawm cov proteins nyob rau hauv bovine mis nyuj yuav ua tau mus txog rau 4%. Mis mis nyuj muaj mas alpha-casein. Nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj, nws cov ntaub ntawv caseinate, calcium phosphate complex, uas yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lipid spherules plhaub; thermostable α-lactalbumin, yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub biosynthesis ntawm cov mis nyuj qab zib (lactose) los ntawm lub monosaccharides (galactose, qabzib); β-lactoglobulin denatures nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab nruab nrab (pH = 7) thiab cua sov rau 70 ° C.

Globulins mis nyuj yus siab molecular ceeb thawj (nce txog li 1 Zeb. YOG), nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv qauv muaj xws li ib tug carbohydrate tivthaiv, lawv muaj lub thaj chaw ntawm enzymes (lipooksidaz). Tsis-protein nitrogen tebchaw uas hais nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj urea thiab tsawg kawg yog amino acids, purine bases thiab creatine.

Cov carbohydrate muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mis nyuj. Mas carbohydrates hais mis nyuj lactose (nruab nrab 4.7%), monosaccharides (qabzib, galactose) thiab phosphoric esters ntawm amino qab zib monosaccharides. Qhov siab tshaj plaws concentration ntawm lactose yog sau npe nyob rau hauv lub twjkum mis nyuj.

Lub lipid muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mis nyuj. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm mis nyuj muaj roj muaj triacylglycerols, sterols, sterols, phospholipids thiab glycolipids. Lawv concentration hauv cov mis nyuj ntawm cov tsiaj nyob rau ntau yam (lactation, yug menyuam, noj cov zaub mov, thiab lwm yam). Cov mis nyuj muaj roj residues ntau stearic, palmitic, myristic thiab oleic acids.

Vitamin muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mis nyuj. Nyuj cov kua mis muaj ib tug txaus tus nqi raws li ib tug roj (A, D, E) thiab soluble (PP, B1, B2, C) cov vitamins. Yuav kom nce lub concentration ntawm cov vitamins nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj ntawm cov tsiaj noj raznoobraznyme txau cov uas nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj muab vitamin concentrates A, B los yog E. Cov mis nyuj thiab muaj pigments: carotenes, chlorophylls thiab lactoflavin, nyob ntawm lawv lub concentration cov xim ntawm cov mis nyuj.

Ib tug ntawm cov drawbacks ntawm cov mis nyuj hmoov yog hais tias nws yog haum yooj yim yuav rov qab tau mus rau ib tug kua hauv lub xeev. Cov khoom no yog ua rau ntau tshaj 110 xyoo, txawm li cas los, lub biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hmoov mis nyuj yog txawv los ntawm lub xeev ntuj, yog li ntawd cov kua mis nyuj ntau npaum li cas pab tau.