Lub CPU yog dab tsi?

Lub koos pis tawj yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam khoom siv, koom ua ke hauv ib lub hauv tsev los ntawm kev tsheb npav (sij hawm rau cov khoom sab hauv). Piv txwv, cov qauv ntawm txhua lub computer muaj xws li RAM, CPU, video adapter, lwm yam. Lawv tus cwj pwm txiav txim siab zais zuag qhia tag nrho thiab muaj peev xwm. Ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub hauv paus processor. Qee lub sij hawm koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau lwm lub npe: CPU (Chav Kawm Lus Askiv Chav Ua Haujlwm - cov chav computing basic), feem pua, pob zeb.

Dab tsi yog qhov CPU ntawd qhov nruab nrab siv? Los ntawm qhov sib piv nrog tib neeg lub cev, feem pua yuav muab piv nrog lub hlwb. Nws ua tiav txhua yam kev ua zauv thiab ib tus neeg tau txais kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm lawv tus kheej. Lub cev, tus processor yog cov nti loj tshaj plaws, tau nruab rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm lub motherboard. Inside nws muaj complex logic circuits ntawm ob peb lub hlis transistors. Cov neeg uas xav paub txog lo lus nug "dab tsi yog CPU" tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm tus processor ntawm lwm cov khoom hauv sab hauv. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yeej ib txwm muaj qhov system txias: lub tshuab hlau loj heev thiab lub kiv cua. Qhov xav tau rau lawv yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub hwj huam consumed ntawm chip feem ntau yog kaum ntawm watts. Qhov me me ntom nti ntawm qhov tawg thiab lub hwj chim siab ua rau cua sov ntawm CPU cov ntaub ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau siv cov cua txias.

Cov neeg ua lag luam ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm kev ua kom muaj teeb meem cua sov: Ib txhia ua kom zoo dua qub rau cov qauv, cov tswv yim los txo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov neeg ua kom tsis muaj zog, thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig tshiab ("thin" process technology) Cov computers thiab cov laptops yog ob lub tuam txhab - Intel thiab AMD. Li no, tus so ntawm lub infrastructure yog kho rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov khoom.

Feem ntau ntawm lo lus nug "dab tsi yog CPU" muab cov lus teb tsis haum dav dav. Qhov no yog piav qhia yooj yim: tam sim no lub sij hawm "processor" tau nrhiav ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb dua "ib feem ntawm lub computer." Yog li, nyob rau hauv txhua lub xov tooj txawb xov tooj tam sim no muaj ib chav tsev uas ua cov lej zauv - qhov no kuj yog ib tug processor. Txawm tias cov tswv ntawm cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub tias lub CPU yog dab tsi, vim hais tias lawv kuj muaj ib chav tsev computational.

Obviously, tsis tau xav txog txoj cai ntawm tus processor, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub qhov dav nta ntawm nws cov hauj lwm. Lub lag luam ntawm CPU yog tswj los ntawm cov kev pab cuam. Lawv yog cov lus qhia rau tus processor, uas sau hauv ib co lus programming. Kev hais lus hauv tib neeg lus, qhov kev zov me nyuam qhia meej txog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ua. Txhua leej txhua tus nco los yog tsawg kawg hnov ntawm tus Basic programming lus. Nyob rau hauv nws, kom kos ib lub voj voog ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam, koj yuav tsum tau ua lub voj voog ntawm vajvoog (chaw haujlwm). Niaj hnub cov tswv yim ntawm kev tsim cov kev zov me nyuam tseem zoo li qub: kev paub tab yog tsim los ntawm commands ntawm cov lus programming. Thaum lub program pib ntawm lub computer, ib tug tshwj xeeb software decoder hloov cov lus txib ntawm cov lus siv rau hauv tshuab code rau kev ua haujlwm ncaj qha rau CPU. Cov cai no yog binary, nws yog ib theem ntawm ones thiab zeros. Muaj ntau yuav tsis to taub yog vim li cas nws twb txiav txim siab los siv lub binary system, es li ib txwm lub decimal. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhua yam yog piav qhia yooj yim heev: binary tus lej ua tau yooj yim yuav tuaj ntawm commands rau transistors lawv tus kheej. Piv txwv li, txij thaum peb tab tom hais txog cov cuab yeej siv, peb xav tias "1" yog ib qho hluav taws xob raws li ib lub sijhawm transistor, thiab "0" - nws tsis tuaj yeem. Raws li, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, tus transistor qhib thiab kis tau ib qho tam sim no ntawm nws tus kheej, thiab nyob rau hauv ob - nws tau xauv (ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov yooj yim thiab ntau yam kev tshwj tseg).

Kev ceev ntawm kev khiav ntawm cov txheej txheem kev qhia yuav txiav txim siab ceev ceev ntawm tus processor. Qhov no cuam tshuam txog kev kos duab, lub sijhawm ntawm cov teeb meem sab hauv, kev tsim kho qhov chaws.