Lub hauv paus txawm pejxeem ntawm Siberia. Cov pejxeem ntawm Western thiab Eastern Siberia

Siberia npog ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm Russia. Thaum nws muaj xws neighboring lub teb chaws raws li Mongolia, Kazakhstan thiab Tuam Tshoj. Niaj hnub no qhov no lub teb chaws belongs rau lub purely Lavxias teb sab Federation. Dua li ntawm qhov lossis loj cheeb tsam ntawm kev koom nyob rau hauv Siberia tsawg. Ntau ntau lub cheeb tsam yog nyob los ntawm cov tundra thiab steppe.

hauj lwm Siberia

Tag nrho cov chaw uas zoo heev yog muab faib mus rau hauv sab hnub tuaj thiab hnub poob cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv tsawg tus neeg mob, theologians txhais thiab South cheeb tsam, uas yog ib tug mountainous thaj tsam ntawm lub Altai. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia yog hais txog 12.6 lab square meters. km. Qhov no yog hais txog 73,5% ntawm tag nrho cov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Interestingly, lub cheeb tsam Siberia yog ntau dua qhov tib Canada.

Ntawm tus loj tej yam ntuj tso chaw, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob cheeb tsam, faib Baikal thiab roob ntawm Altai. Qhov loj tshaj plaws dej ntws yog Yenisei, Irtysh, Angara, OB, Lena thiab Amur. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj lub pas dej dej yog pom tau hais tias Taimyr, Baikal thiab Uvs Nuur.

Los ntawm ib qho nyiaj txiag taw tes ntawm view chaw ntawm lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau hu ua xws lub zos raws li Novosibirsk, Tyumen, Omsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Ulan-ude, Tomsk, thiab lwm tus neeg. Qhov siab tshaj plaws taw tes nyob rau hauv Siberia yog suav tias yog Belukha - ntau tshaj 4.5 txhiab meters.

pejxeem History

Tus thawj inhabitants ntawm lub cheeb tsam historians hu rau Samoyed pab pawg neeg. Cov neeg nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ib feem. Vim hais tias ntawm qhov hnyav kev nyab xeeb xwb txoj hauj lwm twb herding. Nws tau pub mov rau tsuas yog nyob rau cov ntses los ntawm ib ncig lub pas dej thiab cov niam dej. Nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm Siberia nyob Mansi neeg. Lawv nyiam tshaj plaws yog yos hav zoov. Muncie hloov pauv furs, uas yog heev ntshai nyob rau hauv Western tub txawj tub ntse.

Turks - yog lwm tseem ceeb nyob ntawm Siberia. Peb nyob rau hauv lub Upper nce mus txog ntawm lub ob River. Koom nyob rau hauv forging nuv ntses thiab cov tsiaj husbandry. Muaj ntau Turks twb nomadic pab pawg neeg. Cia li sab hnub poob ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus OB nyob Buryats. Lawv yog cov nto moo rau tus extraction thiab ua cov hlau.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws ancient cov pej xeem ntawm Siberia twb Tungus pab pawg neeg. Lawv tsawm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub hiav txwv ntawm Okhotsk mus rau lub Yenisei. Nyob rau lub neej khwv tau reindeer herding, yos hav zoov thiab nuv ntses. Wealthier koom nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Chukchi Hiav txwv tau nyob txhiab ntawm Eskimos. Cov pab pawg neeg rau ib ntev lub sij hawm yog tus qeeb lis kev cai thiab kev sib raug zoo kev loj hlob. Lawv yog cov tsuas seev ntawm zog - ib lub pob zeb taus thiab hmuv. Advantageously koom saib xyuas? Gatherers.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, muaj ib tug ntse leap nyob rau hauv Yakuts thiab drilled, raws li zoo raws li lub sab qaum teb Tatar.

hauv paus txawm cov neeg

Cov pejxeem ntawm Siberia hnub no yog kaum ntawm cov neeg. Txhua yam ntawm lawv, raws li lub Lavxias teb sab Constitution, muaj txoj cai rau lub teb chaws yog leej twg. Ntau haiv neeg ntawm sab qaum teb cheeb tsam txawm muaj autonomy nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Federation nrog rau tag nrho cov attendant ceg ntawm tsoom fwv. Qhov no tau pab tsis tau tsuas yog xob laim-ceev txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub kab lis kev cai thiab kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm lub cheeb tsam, tiam sis kuj lub preservation ntawm lub zos cov kev cai thiab kev lis kev cai.

Siberian hauv paus txawm pejxeem nyob muaj lub Yakuts. Lawv tus xov tooj mas nws txawv ntawm 480.000 neeg. Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Yakutsk - lub peev ntawm Yakutia.

Tus tom ntej loj tshaj cov neeg yog Buryats. Muaj ntau tshaj li 460 txhiab tus neeg. Cov peev ntawm Buryatia, yog lub nroog ntawm Ulan-ude. Lub ntsiab khoom vaj khoom tsev ntawm cov koom pheej yog pom tias yuav Lake Baikal. Nws yog nthuav tias cov cheeb tsam no yog pom tau hais tias raws li ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws Tug hauj chaw zov me nyuam nyob rau hauv Russia.

Tuva - cov pej xeem ntawm Siberia, uas muaj txog 264 txhiab tus neeg nyob rau hauv lub kawg census. Cov koom pheej Tyva tseem Revered neeb.

Yuav luag ib yam li ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm tej tus neeg raws li Altai thiab Khakassia: 72 txhiab tus neeg. Lub hauv paus txawm cov neeg ntawm tsev kawm ntawv yog adherents ntawm Buddhism. Nyob rau hauv lub Nenets pejxeem xwb 45 txhiab tus neeg. Lawv nyob rau lub Kola ceg av qab teb. Thoob plaws hauv nws cov keeb kwm cov Nenets nomads twb paub. Niaj hnub no, lawv feem yog ua haujlwm tau nyiaj reindeer.

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Siberia, muaj xws li cov neeg raws li Evenki, Chukchi, Khanty, Shor, Mansi, Koryak, Selkup, Nanai, Tatars, Chuvans, Teleuts, Kets, Aleuts, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nws muaj nws centuries-laus kev cai thiab legends.

pejxeem

Lub zog ntawm cov pej xeem feem ntawm cov cheeb tsam mas nws txawv ho txhua txhua ob peb lub xyoos. Qhov no yog vim tus loj heev nyaj ntawm cov hluas nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb lub zos ntawm Guj kuj thiab tus ntse jumps nyob rau hauv fertility thiab lub neej no. Cov neeg tsiv teb nyob rau hauv Siberia tsawg. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov hnyav kev nyab xeeb thiab cov kev mob ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub zos.

Raws li tsis ntev los no cov ntaub ntawv, cov pej xeem ntawm Siberia yog hais txog 40 vam tus neeg. Qhov no yog ntau tshaj 27% ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia. Los ntawm cheeb tsam pejxeem yog faib tusyees. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm Siberia, loj coob yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv vim cov neeg pluag tej yam kev mob rau lub neej. Nyob rau nruab nrab, ib tug neeg muaj 0.5 square ntawm no. kilometers ntawm thaj av.

Cov feem ntau populous lub zos yog Novosibirsk thiab Omsk - 1,57 thiab 1.05 lab inhabitants feem. Ntxiv mus, raws li qhov no txog kev paub nyob Krasnoyarsk, Barnaul thiab Tyumen.

Cov neeg ntawm Western Siberia

Nyob rau lub nroog nyiaj rau txog 71% ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub Kemerovo thiab cov Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Cuaj kaum, tus ua liaj ua teb chaw ntawm lub Western Thaj av yog xav tau Respublika Altay. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov Kemerovo Thaj av muaj lub siab tshaj plaws pejxeem ceev - 32 cov neeg / sq. Km. km. Cov pejxeem ntawm Western Siberia yog 50% ntawm cov muaj peev xwm-bodied neeg. Feem ntau ntawm cov kev ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab ua liaj ua teb.

Lub cheeb tsam muaj ib qho ntawm tus nqi qis ntawm nyiaj poob hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm cov Tomsk cheeb tsam thiab Khanty-Mansiysk.

Niaj hnub no, cov pej xeem ntawm Western Siberia - ib tug Lavxias teb sab, Khanty, Nenets, Turks. Los ntawm kev ntseeg muaj yog Orthodox, Muslims, thiab Buddhists.

Cov pejxeem ntawm Eastern Siberia

Cov kev faib ua feem ntawm lub nroog cov neeg nyob mas nws txawv tsis pub dhau 72%. Qhov tseem kev lag kev luam tsim yog lub Krasnoyarsk ib ncig thiab cov Irkutsk Region. Ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm ua liaj ua teb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws taw tes ntawm lub cheeb tsam yog suav tias yog Buryat koog tsev kawm ntawv. Nrog cov pej xeem ntawm Eastern Siberia txhua txhua xyoo yuav tau txais me me thiab. Tsis ntev los no muaj ib tug ntse tsis zoo muaj zog ntawm tsiv teb tsaws thiab fertility. Muaj kuj yog qis tshaj pejxeem ceev nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv ib co chaw nws yog 33 sq. km rau ib tug neeg. Nyiaj Poob Hauj Lwm yog high school.

Cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li xws haiv neeg raws li cov Mongols, Turks, Lavxias teb sab, Buryat, Evenki, Dolgan, Chum, etc. Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem -. Orthodox ntseeg thiab Buddhists.