Lub Khoos Loos Tsev isomers - yog hais tias

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm uas peb yuav tham txog yam ntxwv isomers, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv cov qauv thiab cov isomerism. Peb tsom xam nyob rau hauv kom meej lub phenomenon ntawm isomerism, thiab yuav tsum muab nrog cov piv txwv ntawm lawv cov kev siv nyob rau hauv lub neej.

Cov tshwm sim ntawm isomerism

Isomerism - ib tug tshwj xeeb kev tshwm sim, predetermining lub hav zoov ntawm cov tshuaj. tebchaw, cov neeg feem ntau - isomer tebchaw nrog tib yam compositions thiab molecular tes taw hnyav li ntawm atoms muaj ib tug txawv nyob rau hauv lub atomic kev kho nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv, ua rau ib tug kev hloov thiab nrhiav tau ntawm sib txawv, tshiab zog. Lub Khoos Loos Tsev isomers - yog tshuaj tsim vim li ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm lawv atoms nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, uas yuav tsum tau los sib tham li hauv qab no nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Hais txog isomerism, nws yog ib nqi nco ntsoov lub hav zoov ntawm xws li ib tug txheej txheem, raws li cov isomerization, uas yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev hloov los ntawm ib tug isomer mus rau lwm raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj. transformations.

hom isomerism

Isomerism valence - ib hom isomer qauv, nyob rau translation isomers lawv tus kheej (ib tug mus rau lwm) yog tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm redistribution ntawm valence bonds.

Isomerism yog qhov teeb meem no nrog cov tib hom tshuaj carbon lub cev pob txha tab sis txawv functionalities txoj hauj lwm. Ib tug piv txwv yog lub 2 thiab 4-chlorobutane acid.

Interclass isomerism conceals nws txawv ntawm qhov isomers nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntawm lub functional pawg.

Metamerism - lub tsev ntawm txaus qhia ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm cov pa roj carbon radicals, heteroatom molecules ua hauj lwm pab separator. Qhov no hom ntawm isomerism cov yam ntxwv ntawm amines, thioalcohols, esters, ob qho tib si yooj yooj yim thiab complex.

Isomerism carbon lub cev pob txha - yog txwv txoj hauj lwm carbon atoms, thiab ntau precisely lawv txiav txim. Piv txwv li: phenanthrene thiab anthracene muaj cov kev mis S14N10, tab sis ib tug txawv hom ntawm redistribution ntawm valence bonds.

yam ntxwv isomers

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev isomers - yog tshuaj muaj ib tug zoo li tus qauv ntawm lub compound ntawm mis, tab sis txawv nyob rau hauv molecular mis. Lub Khoos Loos Tsev isomers - qhov no hom ntawm tshuaj, uas yog zoo tib yam rau txhua tus lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub quantitative thiab zoo compositions, tab sis qhov kev txiav txim ntawm atomic tsevneeg (tshuaj qauv) muaj sib txawv.

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev isomers yog txwv kom muab zais los ntawm hom isometric qauv, cov hom ntawm cov uas tau muab saum toj no nyob rau hauv lub pawg lus rau lub hom isomerism.

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev mis isomer tshuaj muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov kev hloov kho. Ib co piv txwv ntawm isomerism yuav ua tau tej yam xws li butanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, methyl propionate, dioxane, ethyl acetate, isopropyl formate muaj zoo tib yam pes tsawg leeg ntawm tag nrho cov peb hom atoms muaj li ntawm tshuaj, tiam sis txawv nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv lub compound.

Lwm piv txwv ntawm isomerism - yog lub hav zoov ntawm pentane, neopentane thiab isopentane.

cov npe ntawm cov isomers

Raws li hais ua ntej lawm, yam ntxwv isomers - yog tshuaj muaj ib tug zoo li tus qauv ntawm lub compound ntawm mis, tab sis txawv nyob rau hauv molecular mis. Tej tebchaw muaj ib tug kev faib uas raws nkaus Ii nta ntawm lawv lub zog, qauv thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug molecule isomer, txawv nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov functional pawg valence bonds, muaj cov atoms ntawm ib tug caij nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj, thiab lwm yam Npe yam ntxwv isomers tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Cia peb xav txog cov piv txwv ntawm 3-methylbutanol 1 raws li tus neeg sawv cev alcohols.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub alcohols nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm alcohols ntawm tag nrho cov npe pib nrog cov xaiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon saw uas yog hom, lub numbering yog nqa tawm, lub hom phiaj ntawm cov uas - cov hauj lwm ntawm OH pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tsawg tshaj plaws, tau tus xov tooj muab kev txiav txim. Lub npe nws tus kheej pib yuav tsum tau pawg nrog ib tug carbon saw, ua raws li los ntawm lub npe ntawm lub ntsiab Circuit Court, thiab ces ntxiv cov tom qab-ol, thiab cov zauv qhia cov pa roj carbon atom sib raug zoo rau lub OH pab pawg neeg.