Lub melting point ntawm txhuas

Aluminium - khaub-ncaws nyias hlau nrog ib tug silvery dawb Hawj txawm, mos mos (yuav tsum khoov duav nrog nws ob txhais tes), nws daws zoo, thaum nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj zog txaus. Nws yog ib qho zoo heev neeg xyuas pib ntawm tshav kub thiab hluav taws xob. Ntshiab txhuas yog tsis yog siv, nws daim ntawv thov yog xyaum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov alloys nrog tooj liab, carbon, tin, titanium, manganese thiab zinc. Rau hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity txhuas zaum ob tsuas yog mus nyiaj, thiab tooj liab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, impurities vanadium, chromium thiab manganese txo cov tsis.

Aluminium reacts nrog acids thiab alkalis tsim chlorides, sulfates, aluminates, thiab lwm yam sib txuas. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua tam sim ntawd coated hlau oxide zaj duab xis uas tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ntxiv oxidation. Lub melting point ntawm txhuas yog nyob rau hauv 660,1 degrees, cov hlau nyob rau hauv molten daim ntawv muaj ib tug zoo castability. Rau no hlau yog yus muaj los ntawm siab ductility, txias kuj, ua hauj xeb los ntawm reacting nrog distilled dej thiab tshiab.

Kws txawj tau sau tseg hais tias xeb kuj yog nyob ntawm lub purity ntawm txhuas - lub siab nws yog, ntau dua qhov lub kuj. xeb ua tej zaum yuav nto puas ntawm cov oxide zaj duab xis. Muaj pov thawj hais tias txhuas melting kub nce nrog ua kev coj dawb huv. Nrog zoo heev castability, hlau thaum lub sij hawm crystallization muab ntau dua shrinkage, qhov ntsuas no yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua castings nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm no hlau.

Lub melting point ntawm txhuas yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb siv cov ntaub ntawv uas raws li ib tug impurity. txhuas ntau lawm cov thawj coj uas tam sim no Russia, teb chaws United States nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, Canada, Australia. txhuas siv ib tug txaus loj ntau yam, peb pog koob yawg koob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov txhuas tebchaw (alum) yog siv raws li ib tug astringent rau hauv cov tshuaj, rau qhov tanning ntawm hides rau txuas rau lub txee lub neej ntawm cov xim tsev.

Txaus tsawg melting kub txhuas tso cai rau yaj nws nyob rau hauv txheej thaum ub tej yam kev mob.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tshwm sim txhuas oxide (Corundum), nws yog siv raws li ib tug abrasive, thiab nws cov variants - sapphire thiab ruby - yuav mus rau hauv qeb ntawm precious pob zeb. Txij li thaum ntshiab txhuas yog ib yam uas me me siv rau kev siv, feem ntau nws yog siv raws li ib tug raw khoom rau cov sib txawv alloys. Ntau yam txhuas alloys yog heev uas nws kim heev, nws yog tas li tshiab (siv ntau technologies).

Tam sim no, ntawm no alloys ua zaub mov ntim, cov kaus poom, chav ua noj lauj kaub tais diav thiab ntau yam khoom hauv tsev. Tseem ceeb tau txais kev pab txhuas alloys yog cov tsheb, hluav taws xob, kev ntsuas, tshuaj, kev tiv thaiv, metallurgical industries. Thaum dab tsi kub yaj txhuas, yog muab rau tus account nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm tivthaiv qhov chaw rau tus tiv thaiv, khoos kas aerospace thiab nuclear industries.

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau uas tsis yog-ferrous alloys yog duralumin, nws tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem los ntawm tus German engineer A. Wilma. Melting point duralumin yog hais txog 650 degrees. Nws essence ntawm lub invention lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lub txhuas raws li alloys tom qab thaum tshav kub kub kho mob yuav ntau zog thiab hardness. Qhov no tam sim ntawd tau siv tshwj xeeb thiab qhia rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov aeronautics. Tus tshiab hlau kuj yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv aircraft.

Tam sim no, lub sij hawm yog meant duralumin loj ntau yam ntawm txhuas hlau yus siab zog. Niaj hnub nimno tsuas yog tooj liab alloys muaj manganese, pob zeb ntais, magnesium, thiab lwm yam, lawv mus kev rau lub zog ntawm me me hlau. Niaj hnub no, cov alloys yog lug siv nyob rau hauv lub aircraft lag luam, nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua high-ceev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab nyob rau hauv ib co lwm tus neeg mob.