Lub melting point ntawm xibtes roj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawm, kev siv thiab kev puas tsuaj

Qhov ntau yam ntaub ntawv qhov chaw "xibtes" lub npe tham yog tsis meej xwm. Cov kev kawm teeb meem - yuav pab tau los yog teeb meem rau tib neeg lub cev xibtes roj, vim hais tias nws yog mas nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau (txog 500 tonnes ib xyoo) nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub melting point ntawm xibtes roj? Qhov twg cov khoom siv? Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev pab cuam? Qhov no, raws li zoo raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm ntau lawm thiab lwm yam lus nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Xibtes roj: daim ntawv thov hauj lwm muaj pes tsawg leeg

xibtes roj qhov twg los - fleshy ib feem ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov roj xibtes (Elaeis guineensis). Nyob rau hauv nws cov nqaij nyoos daim ntawv nws yog ib tug liab-txiv kab ntxwv nqaij daim tawv, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm carotenoids. Muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob, cov khoom yuav liab los yog daj. Liab peculiar preservation khaws cov as-ham (80%) nyob rau hauv ib tug daj lawv ho poob. Daj ntau ntau yam yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv roj nyeem fatty acids (50%), ua kom lub cev. Cov liab ntau ntau yam lawv 38%, Ntxiv nws yog nto moo tocotrienol (hloov vitamin E), vitamin A thiab resistant mus oxidative tshua.

Yuav ua li cas yog xibtes roj? Los ntawm tej yam ua cov khoom no? Rau xibtes ntsiav roj yog coj nyuaj cov tub ntxhais (cov noob) ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug yellowness theem ntawm nyeem fatty acids, raws li ntau li ntau 80% (i.e. carotenoids zoo tsis tuaj kawm ntawv). Yav tag los refining khoom yuav lub teeb.

Rau lub ntsiab khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li nyeem fatty palmitic thiab stearic acid. Qhov feem pua ntawm oleic (monounsaturated fatty) acid, 40% linoleic (polyunsaturated) - mus txog rau 10%. Tsis ntev los no txhawb zoo metabolism thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob. Muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xibtes roj thiab lauric myristic acid, oleic acid thiab linoleic acid nyob rau hauv nws hais txog 33%. Lub refined cov khoom no yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov as-ham poob thaum lub sij hawm ua.

Cov zaub mov thiab muaj roj xibtes, daim ntawv thov

Lub ntsiab lwm tus neeg uas xibtes roj yog cov teb chaws Asia (South East), Latin America. Tua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub hli cia sov ua ntej pib ntawm fermentation. Tom qab lub rwj, separating lub sis plawv hniav, lub resulting compressed loj. Lub nyoos cov khoom no yog hu ua industrial roj thiab yog tsis haum rau tib neeg noj. Lub ntsiab cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov - tshuab, tshuab cuab tam (raws li lubricant aggregates).

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, purification ntawm siav roj yog tau, ywj siab khoom noj khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm, nws faib ua feem yog txog li 50%. Qhov no yog piav los ntawm tus nce coob rau zaub roj nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub tsawg natural resources ntawm khoom thiab semi-khoom cov rog. Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam ntawm xibtes khoom yog lug siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua bakery thiab confectionery khoom, ua ke khoom noj siv mis, yooj yim cov zaub mov, me nyuam mos liab mis.
Xibtes roj thiab yam nyob rau hauv loj tagnrho yog cosmetology (xab npum, cream, thiab lwm yam), manufacturers ntawm detergents, tsev neeg taws tswm ciab. Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog siv nyob rau hauv pharmacology thiab zus tau tej cov feed rau ua liaj ua teb cov tsiaj thiab nqaij qaib.

ntau lawm nta

Yuav ua li cas yog lub melting point ntawm xibtes roj? Ua ntej teb lo lus nug no, peb tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm zus tau tej cov no cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas tej yam kev mob pawg ntoo yog kho nrog qhuav chav nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cais tawm. Ces, ib tug nyoos molding muab nws kev hom.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm cov zaub mov qib raw khoom yog sterilized, ces dhau refining (tu). Refining yuav ob peb kauj ruam:

• thaum lub sij hawm lub spinning ntawm lub pib cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub crude roj;
• Centrifuge lim cov dej thiab khib nyiab;
• co (dej purification) yog nqa tawm nrog extraction ntawm phospholipids;
• los ntawm cov neutralization raug muab tshem tawm free fatty acids;
• cov khoom yog bleached thiab deodorized.

Lub hydrogenation (hydrogen txuas mus rau tshuaj) yog ua kom tshem tawm polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).

Muaj cov muaj peev xwm mus sai sai oxidize PZHNK tsis conducive mus sij hawm ntev cia ntawm cov khoom (tsis ntau tshaj li rau lub hlis), yog li ntawd los ntawm lawv, thiab tau tshem ntawm. Tias tom qab uas hydrogenation twb tsis muaj txawv lwm qhov qab, laj siab cov roj (deodorized). Nyob rau hauv nqa tawm txhij txhua tu yog tau ua kom zoo zoo cov khoom uas yog lug siv vim muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj txaus nqi, tab sis tsis tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho mob.

Xibtes roj: melting point zog

Lub xibtes thiab lwm yam zaub roj muaj triatsilglitseroidy (compound glycerol esters ntawm fatty acids). Txhua sib tov tus kheej peculiar chemico lub cev tus yam ntxwv thiab degree ntawm melting. Raws li qhov tseeb, yog dab tsi lub melting point ntawm xibtes roj, hais peb fractions (hom) ntawm cov khoom.

1. txheem khoom fractions tau yus ib tug melting sov li ntawm 36 ° C - 39 ° C. Thaum ci, nws tsis haus luam yeeb, tsis lo. Txawm li cas los, sai sai hardens, li ntawd, khoom noj khoom haus siav rau nws yog pom zoo kom siv kub los sov so.
2. Feem ntau cov khoom feem - stearin - muaj xws li Cheebtsam ntawm margarine. Xibtes roj melting kub yog - 48 ° C - 52 ° C.
3. Rau xibtes olein ob lub kua remelt hom degrees - 16 ° C - 24 ° C. Taub hau zoo ib yam li khov, khov nyob rau hauv lub tub yees.

Stearin thiab olein ntse siv cosmetology.

Yuav ua li cas cov zaub mov muaj xibtes roj

"Palm" cov khoom uas siab refractoriness, ntev txee lub neej.

1. Xibtes roj li ib tug muaj nyob rau hauv khoom noj siv mis: mis nyuj replacers (xws li qhuav), margarines, nyuaj cheese, kev cheese, butter thiab margarine, kis, ntau hom ntawm cheese thiab ice cream, yogurt.
2. Hmoov Nplej, confectionery khoom nrog xibtes roj (derivatives) tsis tig qaub, thiab tsis yog nquag fermentation. Noj tag nrho cov hom ntawm pastries, ncuav, biscuits nrog creamy txheej, tus neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug degree los yog lwm siv nws. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv khoom qab zib rau cov ntsaws, qhob noom xim kasfes.
3. Olein yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv kib khoom, qos yaj ywm chips, roasted ceev, pob kws flakes, instant mij. Muaj nws yog nyob rau hauv pre-fej khoom noj txom ncauj, kua zaub hmoov sib tov, mayonnaise.

Yog li, feem ntau ntawm cov muas cov khoom uas nyob rau hauv zoo kawg thov ntawm cov pejxeem, muaj xibtes roj.

Yuav ua li cas los mus txiav txim hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm xibtes roj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov

Tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias cov roj xibtes qab ntxiag saj, pab txoj kev ntau lawm considerably cheaper tshaj tej yam ntuj tso khoom. Cov khoom siv nrog nws txheem no khaws cia rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Nws haum producers thiab attracts buyers. Thaum twg koj yuav yog tsim nyog them sai sai tsis tsuas yog nyob rau tus nqi tag, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cia: zoo siab-nrhiav yim-yob ntsees muaj xibtes roj.

Ceeb toom: Cov ntawv "zaub rog" feem ntau yuav siv ntawm nws yog xibtes roj. Hais txog hloov lub teeb liab divergent "cheese khoom", "curds", "qaub kua", "cheese loj", "mayonnaise", "condensed mis nyuj". Lub neej (raws li GOST) cov khoom manufacturers yog tsis feem ntau xa mus rau raws li "khoom."

Feem ntau cov khoom xyaw yog hloov los ntawm xibtes khoom los ntawm cov mis nyuj. Feem ntau "fake" yog muag nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm butter. Ntuj product (20 hom), yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txawv roj cov ntsiab lus thiab ntau pab nta. Ib tug ntawm qhov zoo - tsis muaj butter melting kub (24 mus rau 37 degrees). Paub: qis degree ntawm kev, qhov ntau yooj yim assimilated nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj roj.

Yog lub melting kub ntawm lub butter thiab xibtes roj? Yog, differing siab melting point, cov khoom no ho ua tsis tau zoo rau palm roj creamy, ua trudnousvaivaemym. Nyob rau ib tug seem ntawm lub tiag tiag cov khoom muaj tus yam ntxwv ci, khov lawm daim. Spurious phem roj solidified nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, muaj ntau qaim xim, nws tsis tawg. Lub melting point ntawm xibtes roj - 48 ° C - 52 ° C.

Xibtes roj: kev siv ntawm

Ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm ntau yam xibtes roj yog xav tau lus tseem ceeb liab, khaws ntau ntawm cov as-ham tom qab kev kho mob.

1. Pab vitamins nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg: A yam ntxwv zoo rau lub nrig txog kev pom nruab nrog cev, E yog yuav tsum tau rau zoo lub zeem muag thiab tsim kho lub kev sib deev qog.
2. Tej roj uas txhaws taus vim oleic, linoleic acids. Xibtes roj yog cai kev ua kua tsib txaus thiab digestive system raws li ib tug tag nrho. Lawv lim qhov ntswg nqe vaj lug kub thaum lub sij hawm congestion.
3. Ib txhia nutritionists khoom pom zoo raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm slimming (2 tsp yoo mov).
4. Thaum kib roj nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug tus kheej burning thiab chadit thiab cov khoom them los ntawm txaus nyiam crisp. Ntxiv rau lub khob noom cookie, nws muab cov khoom crispness thiab ilv aroma.
5. "Palm" qhov ncauj qhov ntswg siv rau gloss, cov plaub hau kev loj hlob thiab rov qab.
6. Nyob rau nws cov hauv paus, kom hniav zoo nkauj cream, soaps yog ua. Vim lom tus nqi yog siv los pab rau cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv, nws rejuvenation thiab anti-aliasing.
7. Chav dej nrog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov roj mob thiaj li muaj kev nyuaj siab, regulates cov kev ua ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
8. Ntxuav cov hmoov uas nws cov ntsiab lus tsis yog teeb meem rau kev noj qab nyob.

Nws yuav tsum paub qhov txawv liab cov khoom noj (kho) cov roj los ntawm kev (yog tias tsis kho) nrog ib tug tib yam Hawj txawm. Siv tshwj xeeb technology thiab fractionation zoo ntawm cov zaub mov muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Zoo, cov neeg siv lub tswv yim yog xav tau cov khoom ntawm "Zlata Palma" thiab "muaj koob muaj npe".

Xibtes roj: raug mob

Yog teeb meem roj hydrogenation yav tag los. Cov kua roj, saturable txheej txheem hydrogen atoms nrog npib tsib xee thiab platinum catalysts yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib tug khoom muaj roj. Nws yog vim lub rov tshwm sim ntawm trans rog los ntawm hydrogenation, ua noj qab haus huv tsis meej:

• neuropsychiatric mob, tsis puas siab puas ntsws neeg ras heev vim lub fact tias cov trans roj slows metabolic kev ntawm lub paj hlwb;
• trans ntxias hlab ntsha sclerosis, ischemic kab mob, lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, mob stroke;
• transzhirovymi molecules zoo implies rau lub tso pa tawm ntawm digestive enzymes, li no digestibility teeb meem nrog ua thiab khoom;
• cov rog no yog provoked los ntawm kev laus thiab cell hloov, uas yog fraught nrog tiv thaiv kab mob mob thiab mob cancer.

Tej pob khoom uas muaj cov hydrogenated khoom yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm ib tug coj quav ( «trans-roj»).

Qhia: tseeb, ntau dua qhov lub degree ntawm qhov kev ntawm, qhov nyuaj nws yog rau cov assimilation ntawm cov khoom tiav. Tab sis qhov tseeb lag luam ntawm lub digestive system yuav tsis nyob ntawm seb xwb nyob rau hauv lub kub: Tsis txhob tso siab rau cov tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm tag nrho cov txhaws ntawm lub cev "xibtes plasticine". Tsis-hydrogenated xibtes roj yuav ua mob rau thaum immoderate siv nws.

Lub essence ntawm lub "xibtes" ntawm cov nqe lus nug

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub "xibtes teeb meem" yog raws li nram no:

• cov khoom uas zoo muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau kev noj;
• noj txawm zoo yam khoom nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau yog undoubtedly raug mob rau kev kho mob;
• kev roj yuav tsum nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev yuav noj tau.

Kev ua txhaum cov kev cai ntawm kev thauj mus los (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov roj av khoom), raw khoom ua yees tsis tooj mus rau Lavxias teb sab kev cai lij choj - tias cov ua rau ntawm cov neeg pluag zoo rau hauv txee ntawm xibtes roj. Tab sis tsis yog tswvyim manufacturers pom tau hais tias qhov nruab nrab neeg nyob rau hauv lawv cov flaws.