Lub txheej txheem tshiab raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam

Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, lub tswvyim ntawm kev txhim kho cov ntau lawm txheej txheem ntawm innovation yog suav tias yog raws li ib tug sib lawv liag ntawm cov kauj ruam:

1) pib thiab pib siv (R. Normann);

2) kev luj xyuas, pib, pib siv, niaj hnub ua haujlwm (J. Hagee, M. Aiken);

3) to taub qhov teeb meem, ua ib lub tswv yim, nrhiav kev daws, daws, siv thiab siv (AS Myers thiab D. Margis).

Nyob hauv lub koom haum cov haujlwm, cov theem ua haujlwm yog:

1) conceptualization, tswv yim tsim, txais (adoption) thiab siv (J. Wilson);

2) tshawb nrhiav "lub hauv paus" ntawm qhov teeb meem, tsim lwm cov tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas lwm txoj hauv kev, xaiv thiab pib qhov kev txiav txim siab, kev pom zoo thiab kev niaj hnub ua (L. Cummings thiab M. O'Connell). Kev txhim kho cov koom haum ntawm ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm lub tshiab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub enterprise, nws tso cai rau kom faib 3 theem:

1. Tau txais innovation yog ib lub tswv yim thiab kev kho kom haum rau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim kom muaj ib qho tshiab.

2. Tshem tawm thiab kev tsim kho ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab;

3. Siv cov kev tsim tshiab - kev pab hauv daim ntawv thov, kev kho; Recycle tom qab siv.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov kev cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov theem ntawm lub innovation txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub hom innovation thiab qhov xwm ntawm lub nce qib ntawm innovation nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam.

Cov theem ntawm innovation innovation lub neej muaj xws li:

1. Tshawb nrhiav.

2. Keeb kwm - lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam yog ib txwm tshwm sim raws li lub tswv yim tshiab.

3. Kev tsim cov khoom.

4. Mastering tus txheej txheem tshiab.

5. Txhim Kho ntawm lub koom haum ntawm ntau lawm hauv cov nroj tsuag - ntau lawm npaj, checking, kom ua raws li cov ntau lawm.

6. Diffusion - kev qhia txog kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm ib qho chaw.

7. Kev siv - kev siv ntawm innovation.

8. Routinization - qhov hloov ntawm innovation rau txhua hnub tshwm sim ntawm kev ua ub ua no.

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam raws li cov txheej txheem innovation, xav tias nws, raws li ib co subprocesses, npog:

1) Lub ntsiab innovation txheej txheem nrhav thiab noj (txoj kev loj hlob tej yaam num peev txheej txheem) ;

2) txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm (kev lag luam, kev cai lij choj thiab kev tsim dej num, kev qhia thiab kev tsim txuj ci thiab kev kawm, nyiaj txiag thiab khoom, kev sab laj, kev nrhiav neeg thiab kev cob qhia);

3) txheej txheem cai (lub xeev, sectoral, lub regional, kiag, neeg).

Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev hloov tshiab nws tus kheej, raws li lub tswvyim ntawm kev txhim kho khoom, noogenesis (creation ntawm kev paub tshiab), yog xam cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tswv yim neeg muaj tswv yim. Nws "implantation" nyob rau hauv ib lub hauv paus ntawm lwm qhov chaw sab nraud yog tsim los, los ntawm cov infrastructure ntawm sab nrauv ib puag ncig, uas muaj peev xwm sawv kev paub txog kev tsim kho tshiab.

Cov theem ntawm cov txheej txheem innovation yuav tsum tau sib txawv:

1) lub tswv yim tsim;

2) kev pom zoo ntawm lub tswv yim nrog kev muaj;

3) siv tau - kev tsim cov qauv pov thawj;

4) kev siv lub tswv yim nrog nws cov "degeneration";

5) exploitation ntawm innovation nrog tshem tawm kev tsis txaus, uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav lub hom phiaj;

6) kev ua lag luam kev tsim txom - poob ntawm ntau yam khoom siv thiab kev tshaj tawm, nrog rau kev ua kom tau zoo tshaj plaws rau nws, kev hloov ntawm kev siv ntawm innovation tshiab rau nws txoj kev siv dav.

Qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev coj ua thiab kev lag luam ntawm innovation kuj nce qib hauv kev paub. Nyob rau theem ntawm no, lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho yog tsim los ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv kawg, thiab kev hloov tshiab yog hloov mus ua ib qho haujlwm zoo tib yam.

Yog li, cov txheej txheem innovation, txawm nyob ntawm theoretical theem ntawm kev saib xyuas, yog ib qho txawv ntau lub phenomenon, thiab yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv scientific ntaub ntawv no lub sij hawm muaj ntau txhais.