Monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty (Kostroma): hauj lwm, chaw nyob

Monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty - lub tsev nrog ib tug amazing destiny. Chiv nws twb npaj los ua ib tug monument uas yuav tau koob meej qhov kev txiav txim dynasty, piv txwv li lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws xwm txheej uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Tab sis lub hom phiaj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig intervened, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas tus monument tau ua tsis tau dab tsi twb npaj. Yuav ua li cas yog paub txog lub tsev?

zaj dabneeg

Monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty - ib lub tswv yim uas sawv nyob rau hauv 1903. Nws muaj niam Kostroma Duma, uas xav kom qhia tau muab siab npuab qhov kev txiav txim dynasty. Lub monument yuav tsum npog tag nrho cov tseem ceeb keeb kwm xwm txheej uas coj qhov chaw tshaj 300 xyoo ntawm lub Romanov dynasty.

Ib tug ntau ntawm cov sij hawm tau coj cov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw rau cov monument, nyob rau qhov no qhov teeb meem yog txawm tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb pawg ntawm ntxias, uas muaj xws zoo-paub nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tus neeg raws li Benoit Opekushin, Beklemishev. Tom qab ib tug ntev sib cav tswv yim, nws twb txiav txim siab los nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov chaw, nyob rau lub Volga dej, qhov twg ib zaug yog nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin. Cov neeg koom ntawm lub commission yog qhov chaw attracted vim lub fact tias tag nrho Volga yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho saib.

Monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty twb npaj raws li ib tug khoom kim heev tsev. Nws yog tsis xav tsis thoob hais tias ib tug ob peb xyoos coj mus sau nyiaj rau nws siv.

Lub monument project: Sib txeeb

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kev tshawb fawb qhov chaw rau lub erection ntawm lub monument - tsis yog teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua tub txib. Yuav pib lub tsev xav tau kev pab tau cov thawj tsim ntawm lub monument, mus nrhiav tau hais tias cov kev sib tw tau raug tsa. Xub thawj, lub Commission kos cov xim uas tus sculptor Adamson project. Tab sis lub tswv yim ntawm Adamson meant heev tseem ceeb cov nqi.

Tom qab simplifying peb tes num, uas coj mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv nws cov nqi, nws tau pom zoo, nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1912. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub vajtse twb tau entrusted rau Sergei Vlaseva lub npe hu ua tus creator ntawm lub stela, obelisk, nyob rau hauv lub Alexander vaj. Ua hauj lwm pib nrog qhov siv thiab ua cov pedestal, raws li zoo raws li lub creation ntawm ib tug neeg cov nuj nqis.

Nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub monument thiab sculptor Adamson, uas twb muab rau noj lub artistic thiab sculptural tej hauj lwm. Lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov kev siv yog cov engineer Bolshakov, casting nuj nqis nyob rau hauv bronze coj lub tuam txhab "K. V. Verfel."

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Ntawm chav kawm, ib monument rau lub 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty yuav tsis tau npaj los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub hnub tseem ceeb ua koob tsheej, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntsib ib tug laborious thiab lengthy nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, rau lub ceremony, nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm Tej zaum 1913, nws yog nplooj siab tab.

Nws yog nthuav tias thaum lub tab yog tam sim no huab tais Nicholas II, thiab nws tus poj niam thiab cov me nyuam tau caw. Lub ceremony twb muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug festive cua, ib tug neeg pej xeem nrog parade tau raug tsa los ntawm lub zos pab tub rog. Incidentally, nws yog muab sau 760th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Kostroma, yog li cov nyiaj so koobtsheej tau muab ob nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1913.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm lub monument

Lub creators ntawm kev npaj lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog intervened, ho qeeb tus txheej txheem ntawm erection ntawm lub monument. By pib ntawm 1916 nws twb ua tiav rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub pedestal. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub nroog coj 20 bronze nuj nqis (ntawm peb tes num yuav lub installation ntawm 28).

Los ntawm cov creators ntawm cov chaw twb ntsia tsuas coj ob daim. Qhov seem sculptures tau tos nyob rau hauv lub tis nyob rau hauv lub thawv nyob rau hauv uas lawv tau coj mus rau hauv lub nroog.

tom qab lub kiv puag ncig

Kostroma, zoo li tag nrho cov lwm yam txoj kev Russia twb engulfed los ntawm hluav taws ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Tom qab nws kawm tiav lub creation ntawm monument, ntawm chav kawm, nres, sculptor Adamson tshuav rau nws lub teb chaws. Ntau tshaj ib xyoo rau kev tsim kho yog nyob rau hauv ib tug derelict lub xeev, surrounded los ntawm scaffolding.

Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm 1918, lub monument tau attracted tus mloog ntawm tus thawj pawg neeg. Nws tau txiav txim siab mus hloov siab los ntseeg cov vaj tse, uas yeej tsis tau ua kom tiav. Nws yog Ameslikas los tig nws mus rau hauv ib tug monument ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej, cov lus qhib ntawm uas yuav tsum tau raws xuab moos mus rau lub hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig.

Txawm li cas los, lub monument sawv nyob rau hauv ib tug uas lub xeev ib tug ob peb xyoos raws li nqa tawm lub teem sij hawm ua ub no yog desperately luv luv ntawm cov nyiaj. Saum coj mus rau lub nroog, feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub thawv ntsia tom ntej mus rau lub pedestal. Ib txhia ntawm lawv twb thauj mus rau lub chaw ua si tsev, thaum muaj los ntawm tus tswv xeev.

Vladimir Lenin Monument

Monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty nyob rau hauv Kostroma yeej tsis tau ua. Nyob rau monument dua nco ntsoov hais tias tsuas nyob rau hauv 1924, nws tau tshwm sim tom qab lub farewell rau tus tuag tus thawj coj. Nws tau txiav txim siab mus nrhiav kom tau lub tiav lawm tsim kho ntawm lub pedestal, perpetuating lub cim xeeb ntawm Vladimir Lenin.

Duab puab, tag nrho cov sij hawm yog nyob rau hauv lub thawv, nws twb txiav txim siab rov qhuav. Ua li no, lawv twb thauj mus rau lub Hoobkas, "metalworkers" functioned nyob rau hauv lub nroog. Lub pob zeb ua pej thuam depicting tus thawj coj, tau tsa rau ib tug pedestal nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1928. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tshaj Lenin daim duab sculptor ua hauj lwm xws li Schwartz, Lebedev, Ivanov.

Qhov kawg kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus pej thuam coj qhov chaw los ntawm 1981, nrog rau cov tshwm sim hais tias nws twb hloov los ntawm ntau txhim khu kev qha monument ua los ntawm bronze. Thaum tsim ib daim duab ntawm Lenin siv cov tsoos duab ntawm tus thawj coj. Tus pej thuam depicts Vladimira Ilicha hais ib dag hais lus, pab nws tus kheej nrog ib tug nquag piav tes piav taw.

Hauj lwm ntawm lub monument

Yog hais tias nws tsis tau tshwm sim rau overthrow ntawm lub Romanov dynasty, Kostroma tau txais ib tug tiag tiag grandiose siv. Peb tes num yog hais tias cov pedestal, lub pedestal yog zoo li tus chapel, lub qhov siab ntawm nws yuav yog 36 meters. Nws twb npaj raws li tiered hipped tiav, lub crown ntawm cov uas yuav tsum tau ib tug zoo kawg li ob-taws dav dawb hau.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub teem sij hawm creation ntawm ledges, cov kauj ruam, muaj ib tug annular zoo. Lawv yuav tsum mus ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug qhov chaw rau cov portrait nuj nqis. Cov nuj nqis portrayed yog tsis tsuas cov neeg ntawm qhov kev txiav txim dynasty, tab sis kuj zoo heev personalities, uas tau sau tseg los ntawm ntau yam kev ua thaum lub sij hawm lawv cov cai.

Daim ntawv teev cov nuj nqis

Daim ntawv teev cov nuj nqis rau lub monument muaj 28 units. Ntawm lawv ncaj qha rau ntawm lub pedestal creators npaj kom haum raws li 18. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, muaj portraits ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm cov founders ntawm lub tsev ntawm Romanov. Qhov no yog thawj huab tais Mikhail Fedorovich, nws niam nws txiv, Martha thiab Filaret. Thaum tus taw twb muab tso tsuaj Ivan Susanin, tau txais ib txoj koob hmoov los ntawm lub allegorical nuj nqis uas sawv cev rau lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman.

Peter twb xwm tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nkoj uas yuav tsum allude rau lub pab ntawm tus huab tais nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy. Nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm Alexander II twb nyob nws nto moo manifesto, muab txoj kev ywj pheej rau lub peasants. Tsar Nicholas II thiab nws tus tub Alex twb qhia bent dua hauv daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub xeev. Tsis tas li ntawd tam sim no daim duab ntawm Minin thiab Pozharsky, cov nto moo neeg tau tso rau ntawm lub sab.

Rau elegant reliefs, uas depict nto moo hau kev tau ua los ntawm lub tsev ntawm Romanov twb paub nws sawv Reverend Gennady, twb npaj los tsim nyob rau hauv lub qis ib feem ntawm lub tsev. Muaj kuj yuav tsum tau muab raws li cov cua ntsawj ntshab spectacular scene, piav txog kev uas raug hu Mikhail Romanov, epic battles (Borodino thiab cov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Poltava, Sevastopol kws muaj txuj ci).

Ib co kev pab hais tias cov nuj nqis yuav tsum tau 26. Txawm li cas los, raws li pom tias nyob rau hauv thawj cua ntsawj ntshab, uas tom qab hloov.

Qhov chaw

Yog li ntawd, nyob qhov twg yuav tsum tau ib tug monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty? Chaw nyob: Kostroma, Central Park.