Naval tsev cia puav pheej complex "Balaklava": hauj lwm, keeb kwm thiab nthuav tseeb

Kaum kilometers ntawm Sevastopol yog ib tug picturesque resort lub zos - Balaklava. Ntau ntev los no, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XX xyoo pua, nws kaw rau tourists. Yog vim li cas rau cov uas yog cov underground naval puag rau hauv Balaklava.

Thaum nyob rau hauv lub fifties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo twb cia li pib tus mob khaub thuas ua tsov ua rog, lub tebchaws United States thiab cov Soviet Union pib ua arsenals ntawm nuclear riam phom thiab raug teeb meem tiv thaiv ntaus rau txhua lwm yam, raws li tau zoo raws li kev ua pauj. Nws yog thaum lub sij hawm nyuab heev no keeb kwm lub sij hawm, Stalin muab ib tug pub leejtwg paub kev txiav txim ntawm Beria: nrhiav ib qho chaw rau ib lub tsev puag Soviet submarines, rau ib tug nuclear strike.

Xaiv tshwj xeeb cov kev pab cuam poob mus rau ib tug muaj kev thaj yeeb thiab nyob ntsiag to Balaklava. Lub nroog tam sim ntawd dej num raws li daim card, nws lub npe zoo los ntawm lub maps ntawm lub Crimea. Lub nroog tau muab rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev Sevastopol, tab sis tsis mus rau li qub, thiab nyob rau hauv particular ntawm daim card: ntawm no koj yuav tau sau xwb los yog tshwj xeeb daim ntawv tso cai. Stalin tau tus kheej soj ntsuam thiab pom zoo ntawm peb tes num ib daim card los luj rau ntawm qhov kho thiab txij nkawm ntawm submarines. Yog li ntawd, muaj ib tus thawj thiab tus xwb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm underground chaw nres nkoj, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nws lub teb chaws ntawm tsob nroj kho submarines, hu ua - tus kwv tooj 825.

Qhov twg yog qhov database?

Thaum daim card underground puag, thiab niaj hnub no cov tub rog hiav txwv complex "Balaklava" yog nyob rau hauv lub homonymous bay, nyob rau lub roob Tavros. Nws muaj ob outputs, thiab nkag mus rau lub channel - los ntawm lub Bay. Nws neeg ua hauj lwm hu ua lub qhov. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug kev hem thawj, nws nkag sim los ntawm ib tug loj loj caisson rooj vag, uas ib puas thiab tsib caug tons.

Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb nqes hav ntawm lub roob ua tau tawm ntawm tej nkoj nquam nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv. Nws kuj kaw caisson. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tag nrho cov qhov nyob rau hauv lub roob tau li expertly them ntau masking pab kiag li lawm hais tias lawv yog heev yooj yim mus pom nws yog txawm nyob rau hauv ze ntau yam.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev

Niaj hnub no lub underground naval tsev cia puav pheej ua yog lub nrov tshaj plaws attraction Balaklava. Keeb kwm ntawm ib tug pub leejtwg project pib rov qab nyob rau hauv 1957. Yuav kom khaws cia tsis pub lwm muab tus kwv tab tom ua nkaus thaj yeeb naming - GTS (City Xov chaw nres tsheb) xov tooj 825. Yog ib tug thib ob transcript ntawm abbreviations - "hydraulic qauv". Nws yog xav paub ntau zajlus kom: ob peb cov neeg yuav ntseeg nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub xov tooj pauv nyob rau hauv lub roob Tavros.

Tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm xws tshuab cam hais tias tsis muaj leej twg ntawm lawv (Declassified) thiab hnub no nyob rau hauv loj thiab lub hwj chim yog tsis ua zoo tshaj puag rau hauv Balaklava. Siv cov kev faib twb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ua sawv, thiab lub sij hawm twb muab faib ua plaub hloov. Cov builders muaj npaum li cas tawm ntawm lub thaj pob tsuas ntawm Mount Tavros builders ntawm ntau tshaj ob puas txhiab cubic meters ntawm cov av.

Yog li ntawd, muaj ib tug sib sib zog nqus dej channel, kav, qhuav khoom, arsenals, underground txoj kev, cia cov vaj tse, marinas, ib tug hais kom ncej. Yug tau coj lig thaum hmo ntuj, rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua twj ywm, thaum ib tug me me yav qab teb lub zos pw tsaug zog. Nkoj nws exported thiab dumped nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv.

Kev koom tes nrog metrostroevtsy

Chiv, qhov kev siv ntawm lub tsev no yog commissioned tub rog kws txawj, tab sis lawv yog mam li nco dheev muag nrog los xij thaum drilling cov av. Tsoom fwv tau txiav txim siab los coj mus rau lub subway builders, uas tau kev pab los ua ib lub underground channel, ntawm qhov tob ntawm uas yog ntau tshaj li yim meters. Nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm nws dav muaj mus txoj los ntawm yim rau kaum ob meters.

Secret submarine puag nyob ib tug loj lub teb chaws (ntau tshaj tsib txhiab square meters). Dej cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv uas tus kwv yog peb txhiab meters. Cov thawj theem ntawm tus kwv (kho chaw) yog commissioned nyob rau hauv 1961. Roj cia cov chaw rau cov roj av khoom, lub volume ntawm cuaj thiab ib tug ib nrab txhiab tons tuaj nyob rau hauv lub thib ob qhov chaw, qhov kev siv ntawm cov uas tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1963. Underwater tsob nroj yuav haum raws li mus txog xya ships. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias txawm hnub no tus tub rog kws txawj, qhov no daim duab yog impressive.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1994 nrog rau lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv tuaj kawg submarine. Txij thaum ntawd los, ib tug tshwj xeeb lub chaw twb tso tseg thiab tsuas plundered.

Yuav ua li cas tej chaw muaj ua?

Lo lus nug no yog ib yam uas txaus siab rau ntau yam uas tam sim no mus kawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev cia puav pheej complex nyob rau hauv Balaklava. Nco qab tias qhov kev siv ntawm peb tes num twb nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm tus mob khaub thuas ua tsov ua rog, thaum tus thoob ntiaj teb teeb meem no yog tense rau cov kev txwv.

Lub hauv paus yog tsim rau cov txij nkawm thiab kho thiab submarines ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv 633 thiab 613. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm tus kwv uas muab cia rau spare qhov chaw rau ships thiab underwater ordnance. Lub hauv paus qhov xya ntawm cov hom ntawm tej nkoj nquam, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug thaum muaj xwm ceev peb tes num muab rau cov txiag ntawm kaum plaub ships los ntawm ntau yam kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov designers muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug nuclear nres) dhia dej Tej nkoj nquam nyob rau hauv dej lub chaw nres tsheb. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus pa riam phom, thiab muaj nuclear riam phom.

complex disadvantages

Niaj hnub nimno cov kws txawj feem ntau sib ceg, sib tham, yog hais tias tus database tau ib tug tiag tiag cim thiab ib qho zoo tagnrho yam khoom, los yog nws muaj drawbacks. Nyob rau lub tsam ntawm uniqueness, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tsis tshwm sim, raws li hais cov shortcomings chaw, lawv yeej twb.

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub underwater chaw nres tsheb, pib tuaj mus rau kev pab ntawm cov Dub hiav txwv fleet ntawm tshiab qauv - 625 chav kawm ntawv submarines, uas sau rau diesel roj. Lawv yuav tsis haum nyob rau hauv lub tsim raws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub teb chaws ntawm lub hauv paus yog heev nyuaj kom tau muaj, txawm thaum lub sij hawm ib tug tsis muaj zog cua daj cua dub.

Naval tsev cia puav pheej complex "Balaklava": piav qhia

Nws yog ib tug lossis loj lub tsev, uas yog nyob sib sib zog nqus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog tau los tiv thaiv tiv thaiv nuclear tawg - piv txwv li, nrog lub yeej ntawm lub atomic foob pob, lub hwj chim ntawm tsis tsawg tshaj li ib puas kilotons. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov mos txwv, submarines thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm ua hauj lwm muaj yuav tseem yuav nyob unharmed.

Niaj hnub no naval tsev cia puav pheej "Balaklava" Sevastopol yog qhib rau tag nrho cov pobtsuas. Nws twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 2003, thaum tus kwv tooj 825 twb Declassified. Coj tours yog muaj rau cov pab pawg ntawm nees nkaum neeg. ncig saib lub sij hawm - txog ib teev.

Ncig saib

Submarine Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Balaklava yuav tau saib nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm ob tug npaj kev. Basic ncig xyuas - ib tug neeg taug kev-teev taug kev los ntawm cov kev tshawb ntawm roob Tavros. Nyob rau hauv no itinerary muaj xws li mus ntsib mus rau lub zais cia cov kwv nkaum rau tej nkoj nquam, nkoj kwj dej, lub arsenal ntawm nuclear riam phom, uas yog tam sim no hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib tug dav exhibition halls.

Qhov thib ob txoj kev yog luv: ib nrab ib teev koj yuav tau tshawb Balaklava underground tsev cia puav pheej complex, mus txawv tebchaws nyob rau hauv ib lub nkoj, tau ib qho chaw twg los lub underground channel, saib qhov kev rau nyiaj submarines, mus saib puas-meter qhuav khoom, uas yog yim meters tob thiab saib tiag tiag hiav txwv kuv uas nws npaj muaj kom cov yeeb ncuab naval hom phiaj thiab muaj peev xwm kom txhua yam nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm 100 m.

Hoobkas qauv

Qhov no yog ib tug lossis loj thauj txoj kev hauv tsev ua rau lub cov chaw ntau lawm. Nws ntev - 296 meters, lub qhov siab ntawm plaub thiab ib tug ib nrab meters, dav - plaub. Cov chav no siv los mus thauj torpedoes los ntawm FPM thiab tus me nyuam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws twb nruab nrog chaw nyob cov neeg ua haujlwm.

underground khoom

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov, leej twg ua ntej mus ntsib cov Naval tsev cia puav pheej complex "Balaklava", tshwj xeeb yog impressive yog cov chav no, nyob rau hauv uas ua rau kho ntawm tej nkoj nquam. Nws ntev yog 505 meters, ib tug dav ntawm rau mus rau nees nkaum-ob meters (nyob txawv qhov chaw). Tsis tas li ntawd nyob hauv av, thiab tau raws li nyob rau hauv qhuav khoom - gated channel feem uas nws ntev yog ib puas thiab ob meters.

Ua ntej yuav nkag mus kawm rau hauv lub nkoj nyob rau hauv qhuav khoom, nws tau sau nrog dej. Thaum lub nkoj twb mus down, cov dej twb pumped tawm thiab pib kho, uas ntawd kub ntev li ntawm ob mus rau rau lub lim tiam.

arsenal

Naval tsev cia puav pheej complex "Balaklava" niaj hnub no yuav muab tourists mus xyuas lub arsenal, qhov uas nws khaws cia rau hauv lub taub hau warheads rau torpedoes thiab missiles, xws li nuclear. Cov chav no raug muab faib ua ob qhov chaw - kev thiab lub zos, nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog lub feem ntau tsis pub leejtwg paub qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus. Muaj twb muab thiab tau koom ua ke warheads. ID nkag mus ntawm no yuav tsuas yuav kwv yees, muaj raws ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab kev cai tub ceev xwm.

nthuav lus tseeb

• Tej nkoj nquam nyob rau hauv tus kwj dej tau tsuas yog nyob rau yav hmo ntuj, thiab nyob rau hauv Balaklava thaum lub sij hawm txiav tawm qhov hluav taws xob.
• Phab ntsa thiab qab nthab npog arsenal qhob txheej uas nws thickness nce mus txog ob peb meters.
• Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub nkoj mus rau hauv cov khoom, nws txo qis dej therefrom. Ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm seem nyob hauv qab ntawm cov ntses neeg ua hauj lwm tua thiab smoked. Thoob plaws hauv lub county qab pa luam yeeb wafting los ntawm kev uas lub zos kom meej meej pom tau tias tom ntej no lub nkoj pib kho.

Naval tsev cia puav pheej complex "Balaklava": hu

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog nyob rau hauv lub waterfront Tauris, 22. Qhib hnub los ntawm 10:00 mus 19:00 teev. Pre-sau npe rau ib ncig ntawm lub thawj coj ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej.