Nce lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav: yog vim li cas yuav tsum tau elucidated

Lub hlwb ntawm tus tib neeg lub cev - lymphocytes - mus rau lub leukocyte pab pawg neeg ntawm cov dawb agranulocytes thiab tsim tej yam kev mob rau cov tsim ntawm humoral thiab cellular tiv thaiv. Humoral kev tiv thaiv kev tshuaj thiab lub cell muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg raug hlwb. lymphocytes kuj ua raws li observers ntawm lwm yam ntshav thiab tswj cov kev ua ub, yog tias tsim nyog.

Lymphocytes thiab lymphoblasts

Lymphocytes - yog dominating lub cellular ntsiab ntawm lub tag nrho lub cev nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, uas nkag mus rau cov ntshav los ntawm cov pob txha thiab ces khiav lag luam kev koom nyob rau hauv lub lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog hais tias muaj zog lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, yog vim li cas rau qhov no thov tam sim ntawd kom meej, thiab ua ntej yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kuaj tsom. Nyob rau hauv neeg laus cov ntshav lymphocyte feem tso nyiaj rau 20 - 35 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov dawb hlwb. Ib txhia ntawm lawv (txog 2%) yog nyob rau hauv free ncig nyob rau hauv lub peripheral ntshav txaus, thiab 98% yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Raws li nws cov morphological yam ntxwv lymphocytes raug muab faib ua ob pawg: loj granular (NK hlwb immunoblast, lymphoblasts) thiab me me (T-hlwb thiab B-hlwb). Tag nrho cov ntawm cov hlwb yog kom nquag plias thiab lymphoblasts yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tiv thaiv kab mob dab npaum li cas tsawg. Yog hais tias koj khij lub siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, uas txhais tau tias lub cev tsis zoo hloov tau tshwm sim, muaj ib tug thaum qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob los hauv zos o.

lymphocyte pab pawg neeg

B hlwb ntes antigens alien qauv tob tob rau hauv lub cev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv ua tus protein molecules uas neutralize teeb meem ceev dua. T-hlwb puas antigens tswj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub active theem, tiv thaiv nws cov loosening. Nce lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, yog vim li cas rau cov neeg no tej zaum yuav tsis paub, yog kuaj tau los ntawm cov ntshav mus kuaj. NK lymphocytes tswj qhov zoo ntawm lub hlwb thoob hauv lub cev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv ua kom puas lub hlwb, tsis raws kev cai, xws li mob cancer hlwb. T lymphocytes roos 70-80% ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov B-hlwb yog nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 15-20%, thiab lymphocytes NK feem ntau txaus me me, lawv cov ntsiab lus tsis yog ntau tshaj li 5-10%. Yog hais tias muaj zog lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav sib txawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub nws yog ib lub teeb liab uas lub cev tsis yog tag nrho cov cai.

pathogenesis

Lymphocytes ua ke nrog lawv cov molecular Cheebtsam pab siv rau cov pathogenesis ntawm lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm, kis kab mob, mob cancer, thiab tsis haum cov kab mob, hloov tsis sib haum thiab, ceeb tshaj, ib tug kab mob autoimmune. Thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam tej zaum yuav ua rau kom cov theem ntawm lymphocytes thiab tsos lymphocytosis, qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm ib txaus cov lus teb rau antigenic kev ua si. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug muaj zog naj npawb ntawm cov lymphocytes, nws txhais tau hais tias thaum pib ntawm sib ntaus sib tua hlwb nrog antigens. Tab sis nws muaj peev xwm kuj tuaj theem txo, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsis txaus lo lus teb rau stimulation nrog antigens thiab ces muaj lymphopenia.

morphology ntawm lymphocytes

Nyob rau hauv soj ntsuam xyaum, muaj leukemoid cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lymphatic hom, nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog ib tug qauv uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob los yog mob leukemia. Tej tshua yog nyob rau hauv kab mononucleosis, tuberculosis, syphilis thiab brucellosis. Kis kab mononucleosis - qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug kab mob, feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, yus muaj los ntawm ib theem siab ntawm leukocytosis vim lymphocytes, uas nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob no kis tau tshiab zoo ntawm morphological muaj ntau haiv neeg. Cov ntshav yog enriched nrog atypical lymphocytes, nrog tej yam tshwm sim ntawm dysplasia nucleus thiab cytoplasm qab. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, thaum koj paub hais tias los ntawm nce lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, ua yuav tsum tau qhia thiab tshem tawm kom deb li deb li sai tau.