Nosology - dab tsi yog qhov no? Lub "Xya kab mob"

Nosology - qhov kev kawm ntawm cov kab mob, vim uas nws ua tau mus cuag lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj, uas poses ib tug soj ntsuam cov tshuaj, namely - mus nrhiav tau tawm kev haumxeeb thiab yam ntxwv kev sib raug zoo nrog tus kab mob no. Nosology, nyob rau hauv particular, muaj xws li seem xws li cov etiology thiab pathogenesis. Cia peb kawm lawv.

General etiology

Etiology - qhov kev kawm ntawm cov tej yam kev mob thiab yog vim li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies. Kev kauzalizm, kev nkag siab ntawm yuav ua li cas cov kab mob tshwm sim, tau txais hnub no dav siv, yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub materialist dialectic. Nws yog tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntawm txhua txhua phenomenon muaj ib tug ua, ib tug correlation ntawm ob, nyob rau hauv txhua theem ntawm cov txheej xwm tsim nyog yuav tsum tau los txheeb xyuas cov tseem ceeb heev lub ntsiab zoo tshaj. Nrog rau qhov no nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus hais lus cam. Txawm li cas los, lub nosology ntawm cov kab mob - lub science, thiab tsis yog tag nrho ntawm nws yog li cuab kev raws li nws tej zaum yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Raws li cov foregoing, nws yuav sib cav hais tias tag nrho cov etiological yam raug muab faib ua predisposing, yooj yim thiab inducing. Xav txog lawv zoo li.

etiological yam

Ua yam yuav muab cov specifics ntawm cov pathology; lawv feem ntau yog hais pathogens ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Los ntawm pab mus thov cov tej yam kev mob ntawm txim, siv ntawm noj thiab kev kho mob. Ib tug predisposing mob ntawm tus neeg ntawd yog nws kev cai nta, Cns hom kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition.

Lub essence ntawm scientific kauzalizma

Kauzalizm Science qhia rau peb hais tias tag nrho cov neeg mob, nrog txhua tus kab mob yog tsim nyog los nrhiav lub ntsiab, lub ntsiab ua rau ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, thiab mus nrhiav nws, mus nrhiav txoj kev los daws tsis tau tsuas yog nrog tus kab mob no, tab sis kuj nrog tau ntawm nws tshwm sim.

ntau pathogenesis

Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov xwm ntawm pathology yog tsis txaus yuav tsum paub txog nws ua, koj yuav tsum tau kom paub tseeb yuav ua li cas lub causative ceeb nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab txog cov mechanism ntawm tshwm sim thiab kev vam meej ntawm kev txawv txav txheej txheem. Qhov no yog qho tseem ceeb heev. Paub txog dab tsi nosology, nws yog yooj yim kom to taub cov pathogenesis. Cov ntsiab lus yog sib xyaw. Pathogenesis - yog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub mechanisms ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab vam meej ntawm tus kab mob no, raws li zoo raws li txoj kev ntawm pathological yam nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Qhov no qoj ib ce yog tiag tiag tseem ceeb heev rau cov tshuaj.

Mechanisms ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev vam meej ntawm cov kab mob

Muaj ntau ntau lub ntsiab mechanisms ntawm tshwm sim thiab kev vam meej ntawm pathologies. Cov yooj yim tshaj plaws - ib tug Neuro-humoral (raws li nws yog hu ua Centrogenic) thiab reflexology. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov no muaj xws li lub mechanism ntawm ncaj qha kev txiav txim. Yuav ua li cas lawv sawv cev rau?

reflex mechanism

Lub mechanism yog ib tug reflex thaum raug rau lub causative yam sensitive receptors (nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, cov paj txoj) ntawm ib tug hloov khoom nruab nrog. Sawv daws yuav tsum paub tus kws kho mob. Hnyuj hnyo los ntawm centripetal excitation (nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, afferent) huam penetrates rau hauv lub Cns. Muaj tshwm sim cov ntaub ntawv tsom xam. Thiab ces rau centrifugal paths (raws li lawv yog hu ua efferent) nws rushes rau tej lub cev uas nws ua hauj lwm yog disrupted. Cov kev hloov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thawj theem yog ib tug defensive ua cim, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias lawv tsis txaus, pib tsim ib qho kev txawv txav txheej txheem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nosology - cov lus qhuab qhia, uas yog to taub txhua tus kws kho mob.

Centrogenic (neurohumoral) mechanism

Lub mechanism yog ib tug Neuro-humoral (uas yog hais tias, Centrogenic) yog hais tias tus causative tau yog pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, uas nqa nws mus rau lub paj chaw zov me nyuam. Ntxiv mus, nws yog pib muaj ib co tej yam rau lawv, thiab lawv xa impulses rau lub cev uas nws ua hauj lwm yog disrupted. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tsis muaj zoo nws tsis. Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias lub nosology - txoj kev cawm seej rau ntau cov neeg mob. Vim hais tias ua tsaug rau nws hnub no, koj yuav tiv thaiv tau ib txhia kab mob.

ncaj mechanism

Lub mechanism yog ib tug ncaj, yog tias ua txhaum tshwm sim nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm pathogenic yam. Qhov no frostbite, kub nyhiab, nkag mus rau alkalis, thiab acids. Pathogenic yam penetrated rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, kis tau kov thiab anatomical ntxiv, ua ke nrog lub kua, cov qog thiab cov ntshav nyob rau hauv ib tug retrograde zam, raws li zoo raws li paj yeej.

7 Cov kab mob

Rau xyoo dhau los, kuv pib ib qho kev pab hu ua "Xya kab mob" nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws.
Nws essence lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau mus kho cov neeg uas muaj ib co tsawg pathologies tau kim kev kho mob tam sim no yuav nrog nyiaj los ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws nyiaj txiag. Yog li, cov neeg mob tau txais tshuaj dawb xwb.

Yuav ua li cas cov kab mob yog muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam?

Rau hnub tim, qhov kev pab cuam muaj xws li xya tsawg pathologies:

- cystic fibrosis;

- glyukoziltseramidny lipidosis;

- ntau yam sclerosis;

- hemophilia;

- dwarfism;

- myelogenous leukemia;

- raws li zoo raws li cov neeg mob uas muaj tej ib tug hloov hloov thiab nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau ntawm immunosuppressants.

Tam sim no koj to taub hais tias nosology - tsis yog ib qho yooj yim science uas txoj kev kawm no yuav tsum tau kho tiag. General ntaub ntawv hais txog lub "Xya kab mob" qhov kev pab cuam raws li koj ua paub.