Ntswg ntawm adjectives: dav tswvyim thiab nta ntawm tus nqi hloov thiab kev siv cov

Chaw nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus - nws yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, uas nws lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi - ib tug los rau tej yam tshwm sim uas tsis yog-kev (li opposed rau lub cim nco txog, ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lub kev kawm teeb meem ntawm qhov kev txiav txim). Adjectives yuav txawv raws li rooj plaub thiab xov tooj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj - kuj los ntawm cov tub los ntxhais, raws li zoo raws li txwv kom muab zais los yog tshwj xeeb lexical thiab grammatical pawg - tawm. Yog li, cov theem ntawm adjectives - peb pawg loj uas muab lo lus uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab txoj kev los tus kwv cov yam ntxwv. Adjectives teej tug mus rau txhua yam ntawm cov pawg, muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv kev siv. Wb tham txog qhov no nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauv qab no, thiab hauv qab no yog ib txoj kev lub rooj.

Ntswg ntawm adjectives

Zoo adjectives particular qhov tseem ceeb kev hloov thiab kev siv

Zoo adjectives - ib tug lexical thiab grammatical qeb uas combines lus denoting zoo tshaj ntawm cov khoom, i.e. ib tug kos npe rau uas muaj peev xwm sawv manifest nyob rau hauv cov zaubmov, mus rau ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg raws li, xws li ib qho kim menyuam roj hmab zoo nkauj hluas nkauj pluag artist, feemxyuam actor. Zoo adjectives, dua li cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob, maternity thiab xov tooj, tseem tsim tau ib cov luv luv ntaub ntawv, degrees ntawm kev sib piv, thiab ua ke nrog rau cov adverb "heev". Lwm yam khoom ntawm adjectives (txheeb ze thiab possessive) tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv.

Kev kawm ntawv txoj kev daim ntawv

Cov luv daim ntawv no yog tsim los ntawm lub teb thiab muaj nrog nws ib tug nyob ze semantic link: ze - heev me me, heev nqaim, ib yam nkaus thiab nqaim; zoo nkauj - zoo nkauj, zoo nkauj, zoo nkauj; teeb meem - teeb meem, teeb meem, teeb meem. Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm adjectives uas ib zaug muaj thiab ua kom tiav, thiab cos txoj kev nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus, tab sis hnub no yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv piv txwv: zoo siab Telegram, npaum li cas, yuav tsum, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nws yog noteworthy tias, keeb kwm, nws yog lub luv luv hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov chaw yog hais tias yuav yooj yim, thawj, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob cov lus zuag qhia tag nrho zoo tsim los ntawm ib tug luv luv xwb. Niaj hnub no, thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm lub luv luv daim ntawv yuav tsum muaj cai alternation ntawm niam los yog poob: ntsuab - ntsuab, greener, ntsuab; ntse - ntse, txiav, txiav. Adjectives nyob rau hauv luv luv daim ntawv sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov xov tooj thiab yug (nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj), tab sis tsis lean. Lub tswv yim txog, raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv ua tau cov nuj nqi ntawm lub predicate: lub Countess yog zoo nkauj heev nyob rau hauv hais tias kev hnav ris tsho.

Kev Kawm Ntawv degrees ntawm kev sib piv

Comparative thiab superlative degrees ntawm kev sib piv - ib tug piv txwv txog yuav ua li cas kom meej meej thiab tag nrho qhia no zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm: Dad zoo - zoo - qhov zoo tshaj plaws; Artist feemxyuam - feemxyuam phooj ywg - feemxyuam. Nco qab tias lwm cov khoom adjectives txhais ib kos npe rau ntawm tus kwv raws li ib tug tas mus li, tsis muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm gradation.

Degree ntawm kev sib piv tej zaum yuav tsim raws li ib tug synthetically - suffix (kim - kim zoo nkauj - zoo nkauj) thiab analytically - los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb lus:

• Comparative - ntau tshaj, tsawg tshaj li tus daim ntawv pib ntawm lub chaw + (nyuab dua, tsawg interesting);
• zoo heev - feem ntau, tsawg kawg, feem ntau elementary hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov chaw + (lub feem ntau ntxim siab, feem ntau kev lom zem), los yog tag nrho, ntawm + yooj yim sib piv degree chaw (hu nkauj zoo tshaj leej twg, nws yog muaj nuj nqis rau hauv lub kim tshaj plaws).

Lo lus muab ib feem ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv ib tug hluavtaws comparative daim ntawv tsis hloov rau cov ntaub ntawv, tooj thiab cov hom thiab tsis zoo ib yam nrog ib tus, ib tug hais txog hais tias lawv sawv cev rau. Lawv syntactic muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv cov kab lus - nws yog ib feem ntawm ib tug puas nominal predicate (Laus phooj ywg - zoo dua ob tug tshiab sawv daws yuav).

Rau feem ntau ntawm cov zoo adjectives yooj yooj yim thiab complex daim ntawv degrees ntawm kev sib piv yuav muaj nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus, tab sis muaj cov lus uas yog nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub lus tsis tsim ib tug yooj yim sib piv degree: ib tug loj heev, thaum ntxov, txaj muag, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lwm qhov teeb meem uas koj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog - qhov no yog qhov tsim ntawm lub degrees ntawm kev sib piv los ntawm ntau bases, xws li: zoo - zoo phem - zuj zus, me me - me me thiab.

Los ntawm adjectives nyob rau hauv sib piv thiab superlative-lus yuav tsum tau txawv ces subjective kev ntsuam xyuas, uas qhia tsis muaj degree ntawm manifestation ntawm no kev zoo losis phem nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb meem, thiab cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm no cim hais lus: me me kov ntsej muag zoo nkauj, zoo kawg li cov paws. Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no ntawm adjectives nrog lub suffix - Ovate - / - evat -: tsis muaj zoo li lus sawv cev subjective ntsuam xyuas feature thiab lub hom phiaj incompleteness ntawm nws ces, xws li ib tug whitish taws kub nnyiab ya, greenish Hawj txawm.

txheeb ze adjectives

Yog hais tias peb piv rau cov theem ntawm npe thiab adjectives, nws tseem tau mus ua kev cai thaum uas tig mus nram qab no: npe txhais tiag tiag tshuaj, cov khoom thiab cov txheeb ze adjectives - kos npe rau txoj kev no yeeb tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv uas: ntoo - ntoo, mov - mov, ice - dej khov. Txawm li cas los, cov hais raug xa mus rau qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm adjectives tej zaum yuav xa tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov khoom, tab sis kuj cov chaw, lub sij hawm, thiab lwm yam, piv txwv li: .. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, laus, txawv teb chaws, domestic, nqaum. Qhov no yam ntxwv yog manifested tas li thiab tsis tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg raws li, tus kwv tij adjectives li ntawd tsis tau tsim lub degrees ntawm kev sib piv.

possessive adjectives

Qhov no qeb combines adjectives teb rau lo lus nug uas nws? thiab designating ib tug kwv teej tug mus rau ib tug neeg los yog ib yam dab tsi: kuv txiv tus phooj ywg, hma tus kaus hniav, Chais ya cov plaub Dedov hau.

Ntswg ntawm adjectives: kev siv lus nyob rau hauv ib tug figurative siab

Yuav kom nce lub expressiveness ntawm kev hais lus, nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, lub adjectives ntawm ib tug me ntsis yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lo lus los ntawm lwm hom, piv txwv li: hlau vajvoog - qab haus huv ntawm steel, hma lem - hma ob lub qhov muag, ib tug kub saw - Golden txhais tes. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov no paug chaw txiav txim tsis tsuas los ntawm kev noj mus rau hauv tus account lub general formal tsis, tab sis, nrog ze mloog mus rau cov ntsiab lus teb.