"Pasvik" State Xwm Reserve. Cov tsiaj cia "Pasvik"

Nws yog tus thib peb loj tshaj plaws kev cia nyob rau hauv lub Murmansk cheeb tsam. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1992 raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsoom fwv rau cov kev kawm thiab kev txuag ntawm lub ntoo thuv forests nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb tsis pub tshaj ntawm tis. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub zeem cia yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev xyuas ntawm sab qaum teb ecosystems. Ib qho tseem ceeb sib cav nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus tiv thaiv cheeb tsam yog zaj dab neeg ntawm tej chaw no.

Nyob rau hauv ib co chaw, archaeologists sab ib co kua nplaum ntawm ancient txiv neej. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyob hauv lub Sami, uas twb koom nyob rau hauv kev nuv ntses, reindeer, mus yuam kev raws tus dej hav. Ntau tom qab, muaj Lavxias teb sab, Norwegians, Finns. Qhov no av ua ntej 1918 tau koom rau cov Arkhangelsk xeev, ces tsiv mus rau Finland thiab lub Soviet Union tuaj tom qab ob ntiaj teb rog.

Reserve "Pasvik" - ib tug tsis zoo noj rau cov dej lub cev heev heev Waterfowl - Whooper kuab, us, ducks thiab taug noog, raws li zoo raws li lub preservation ntawm tus dej txaj Paz.

Qhov no cheeb tsam muaj ib tug nplua nuj kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm. Reserve "Pasvik" - ib lub tswv yim ntawm Norwegian thiab Lavxias teb sab kws txawj. Nws muaj ob teej qhov chaw ntawm lub nyob ib cheeb tsam. Lawv dag rau tog twg los sab ntawm lub ciam teb khiav raws tus dej Paz.

"Pasvik": State Xwm Reserve

Marshes thiab cov pas dej loj nyob ib tug loj ib feem ntawm qhov no lub teb chaws. Ntoo thuv forests npog 40% ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, tshaj lub nras, towering roob mus txog 380 meters.

"Pasvik" - cia nrog untouched xwm. Qhov no ntuj thaj chaw hu Western hom ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag nrog rau sab hnub tuaj. Muaj ciali mixed roob thiab lub nras, swamps thiab taiga thiab tundra.

Paz dej thiab pas dej

Reserve "Pasvik" nyob raws tus dej. Nws ntws los ntawm tus tiv thaiv cheeb tsam. Tus dej originates nyob rau hauv Inari (Finland) thiab ntws mus rau hauv lub Varanger Fjord (Barents Hiav txwv). Nws ntev - 147 km, lub siab tshaj plaws qhov siab qhov sib txawv - txog 119 meters. Yav tas los tus dej twb muaj li ntawm loj pas dej, rapids thiab waterfalls ua ke. Ces lawv 2 5 Norwegian thiab Lavxias teb sab fais fab nroj tsuag tau ua. Tsuas yog ib tug me me rau thaj tsam ntawm las ntuj dej txaj. Niaj hnub no nws yog suav tias yog ib qho zoo tagnrho chaw rau Waterfowl. Qhov chaw no yog hu ua Fyarvann, txhais los ntawm Norwegian raws li "ib tug down Lake".

Pas dej nyob ib tug loj ib feem ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev "Pasvik", ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lawv kom pom tseeb rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub zeem cia. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog ntiav, yog nkos, xuab zeb los yog peaty shores. Muaj pas dej thiab roob basins. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - Kaskamayarvi. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub zeem cia. Nws cheeb tsam yog 188 hectares thiab ib tug tshaj plaws tob siab tshaj 20 m, mob rocky ntug dej.

Varlam kob

Nyob rau qhov chaw no yog ib tug me me kob xwm zeem cia. Ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo dhau los, muaj nyob thiab ua hauj lwm Hans Skonning - ornithologist tub ntxhais kawm ntawv los ntawm Norway. Nws ua ntej nkag tau rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm science cheeb tsam no thiab sau ib phau ntawv hais txog nws lub sij hawm rau cov kob. Qhov no ua hauj lwm coj nws thoob ntiaj teb koob meej. Cov phau ntawv yog li ntawd nrov hais tias neeg coob xav tuaj mus rau cov cheeb tsam no.

Tsis ntev los no, H. Skonniga tsev rebuilt rau lub pas dej. Niaj hnub no nws yog siv raws li ib tug teb puag rau lub soj ntawm cov xwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov kob nyob rau hauv 1995, tus laus tus frontier ntauwd yog reconstructed thiab rebuilt nyob rau hauv lub ornithological, uas tso cai rau noog watching. Thaum tus neeg pej xeem qhib ntawm nws tuaj rau Prints Filipp - WWF Thawj Tswj Hwm.

Reserve "Pasvik" - tsiaj

Feem ntau ntawm cov fauna ntawm lub zeem cia yog sawv cev los ntawm hom ntse taiga. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam - 34 hom, 14 cov uas tsis tshua muaj. Ib tug loj sib qhia ntawm lawv yog cov nas.

Rau cov chaw yog ntse xws tsiaj li zoo tib yam protein, ermine, hma liab dog dig, luav, marten, xim av dais, elk. Nyob rau hauv pas dej haum loj coob ntawm muskrat. Xim av Xyooj thiab elk yog pom nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam teej tug mus rau lub ob neighboring lub teb chaws. Wolverine, weasel thiab ntshuab tshwm sim, tab sis tsis tshua muaj.

"Pasvik" - cia, uas muaj nws tus kheej ib txwm tus tsiaj tsiaj. Qhov no reindeer - nws yog ib qho nyeg hom. Tsiaj qus mos lwj yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub Kola ceg av qab teb. Reindeer herding yog dav tsim nyob rau hauv Lapland (Finland) thiab Finnmark (Norway). Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam, nws tau raug fwm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshaj dhau daim ntawv no.

Cov invertebrate fauna ntawm lub zeem cia yog tsuas yog kawm. By pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, muaj tau officially sau npe 776 hom kab, uas yuav mus rau 8 txiav txim. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau kawm yog cov Hymenoptera thiab Diptera.

kab laug sab hom mus txog 68 tsiaj ntawm tsug kaum peb cov tsev neeg. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog tsis zaum kawg nuj nqis. Kev tshawb fawb zaum no txuas ntxiv mus.

noog

Reserve "Pasvik" uas nws yees duab peb muab tso rau qhov tsab xov xwm, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov noog. Lawv kaw 229 hom no.

Hav dej Paz, raws li zoo raws li cov nyob ze nraum - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb vaj tse rau cov noog xws li whooper os dej dawb thiab dub-throated diver, smew thiab goldeneye, liab-breasted merganser thiab mallard. Common snipe nyob rau hauv lub marshes (Ntoo Sandpiper, Common Snipe, Spotted Redshank) thiab grey crane.

Txhom yog dawb-tailed dav dawb hau, osprey, goshawk, kestrel, buzzard, ntxhib-legged buzzard, luv luv-eared plas. Rau tom hav zoov hom, zes nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia muaj xws li tsob ntoo pipit thiab cov woodpecker, redstart thiab snowbird, warbler thiab cov Yurok, oatmeal thiab flycatcher.

Noog xws li cov dub grouse, capercaillie, hazel grouse, partridges, sparrows, chickadees thiab ntau lwm tus neeg, siv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov. Raws li koj tau pom lub roob tundra Wheatear, tiaj nyom Ridge, Whimbrel.

zaub ntiaj teb no

Reserve "Pasvik" yog nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb hav zoov boreal tsam, dua mus rau hauv lub tundra. Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej Paz loj hlob feem ntau sab qaum teb ntoo thuv forests nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe.

Siberian fir yog thoob plaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Pechenga. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub xwm zeem cia ntawm Mount Kalkupya. Muaj kuj yog ib tug seem ntawm lub cim ntoo thuv hav zoov, uas yog tsis kov ntov, nws muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 200 xyoo.

Qhov thib ob feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia yog birch. Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm cov dej ntws thiab ntws muaj ntau tsob nroj birch. Nyob rau tiaj chaw koj yuav saib tau lub dawb birch. Lub elfin birch faib winding. Heev tsawg, tab sis ntau nyiaj birch, mas raws tus ntug dej ntawm tus dej, dej thiab pas dej.