Peev Xwm flash nco info

Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas pab hais tias peb yuav cia nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob daim ntawv no, nyob ntawm seb lub peev xwm ntawm ib tug ntaus ntawv. Heev pab tau los ntawm no taw tes ntawm view yog qhov flash nco. Nta ntawm lub ntaus ntawv hais tias nws yog siv, feem ntau xa mus rau teeb meem loj ntim thiab me me lub cev loj ntawm cov xov xwm.

Yuav ua li cas yog flash nco?

Yog li ntawd peb hu ib hom ntawm semiconductor technology ntawm electrically reprogrammable nco. Lub thiaj li hu ua tiav circuitry los ntawm ib tug hauj taw tes ntawm view, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm constructing ruaj khov cia.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub cov kab lus "flash nco" yog siv rau xa mus rau ib sab hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm khoom hauv lub xeev pab kiag li lawm khaws cia ntaub ntawv, tau siv lub tib lub technology. Qhov tseem ceeb zoo uas coj mus rau lawv ntau siv, yog:

1. Compactness.
2. Cheapness.
3. Neeg kho tshuab muaj zog.
4. Loj volume.
5. Ceev.
6. Tsis tshua muaj zog noj.

Vim hais tias ntawm no lub tag nrho flash nco yuav pom nyob rau hauv ntau portable cov pab kiag li lawm, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov xov xwm. Tu siab, muaj drawbacks xws li txwv lub sij hawm ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm cov cab kuj thiab cov rhiab heev rau electrostatic ntswg. Tab sis zoo li cas muaj lub peev xwm ntawm flash nco? Tsis zoo li yuav tsum tau twv, tab sis sim. Qhov siab tshaj plaws muaj peev xwm ntawm cov flash nco txog enormous ntau thiab tsawg pab: li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm nws me me luaj li cas, cia xov xwm 128 GB muaj muag tam sim no ob peb cov neeg yuav tsum tau mus ua surprise. Tsis deb lub sij hawm thaum 1 TB yuav ua tau me ntsis xav.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

Precursors xam tau tias yog mus li lawm cia li uas yog erased ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb thiab hluav taws xob. Lawv kuj muaj ib tug transistor array uas muaj ib tug floating rooj vag. Tsuas yog no cov electrons nyob rau ntawd Engineering siv los ntawm tsim ib tug loj hluav taws xob field siv ntawm ib tug nyias dielectric. Tab sis qhov no sharply nce thaiv cheeb tsam sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub matrix Cheebtsam, thaum nws yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj lub ntxeev teb lub dag lub zog.

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau engineers kom daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ceev yog erasing circuits. Nyob rau hauv 1984, nws tau ntse solved, tab sis vim hais tias ntawm kev zoo sib thooj ntawm dab mus nyem ib tug tshiab technology hu ua "flash" (nyob rau hauv lus Askiv - "Flash").

hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam

Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub npe thiab kev hloov ntawm hluav taws xob xwb uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug raug rho tawm ntawm qhov chaw semiconductor qauv. Cov dab tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub rooj vag ntawm ib tug loj muaj peev xwm rau voltage fais teb nyob rau hauv lub nyias dielectric yog muab tso rau mus rau qhov tau txaus ua rau lub qhov nyhuv ntawm lub hnab tshos thiab cov transistor channel. Yuav kom txhawb nws, siv ib tug me ntsis acceleration ntawm electrons, thiab ces tus txhaj tshuaj ntawm kub muaj tshwm sim. Nyeem cov lus qhia yog muab tso rau ib daim teb nyhuv transistor. Hnab tsho nws ua rooj vag muaj nuj nqi. Nws tej zaum yuav hloov lub chaw pib ntawm lub transistor yam ntxwv uas yog sau tseg thiab nyeem circuits. Tus tsim muaj cov ntsiab uas nws tseem tau ua raws li cov kev ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug loj array ntawm xws hlwb. Vim lub me me luaj li cas ntawm qhov chaw muaj peev xwm flash nco thiab nws yog impressive.

NOR- thiab Nand-Devices

Lawv txawv los ntawm txoj kev, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm cell sib txuas rau hauv ib array, raws li zoo raws li kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv algorithms. NOR tsim yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub classic ob-dimensional matrix ntawm conductors, nyob rau ntawm cov kev tshuam ntawm kem thiab kab muaj ib cell. Tujtaws neeg xyuas pib kab kev cob cog rua rau lub ntws ntawm lub transistor, thiab lub thib ob rooj vag koom txhua. Tau qhov twg los kev cob cog rua rau lub substrate, uas yog tshwm sim rau tag nrho cov. Qhov no tsim ua rau nws yooj yim mus nyeem cov xwm txheej ntawm kev transistors, muab ib tug zoo hwj chim rau ib leej thiab ib kem.

Los sawv cev rau dab tsi ntawm Nand, xav txog tej yam ib tug peb-dimensional array. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauv paus - tag nrho cov tib matrix. Tab sis ntau tshaj ib tug transistor nyob rau txhua txhua lub tshuam, thiab yog teem rau ib tug tag nrho kem, uas muaj series-kev cob cog rua lub hlwb. Qhov no tsim muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov rooj vag circuits tsuas yog ib qho kev sib tshuam. Thaum zoo li no yuav ua rau kom ho (thiab qhov no siv) ceev yam. Lub downside yog tias ntau npaum li cas nyuab cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv algorithm mus saib thiab nyeem cov cell. Rau NOR kom zoo dua yog ceev, thiab ib tug tsis muaj - lub siab tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ntawm flash nco. Rau Nand loj - ntxiv thiab rho tawm - ceev.

SLC- thiab MLC-pab kiag li lawm

Muaj pab kiag li lawm uas yuav cia ib tug los yog ntau tshaj cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv thawj hom yuav muaj tsuas yog ob theem ntawm ib tug floating rooj vag xwb. Tej hlwb yog hu ua ib tug-ntsis. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntau ntawm lawv. multi-ntsis cell yog feem ntau kuj hu ua multilevel. Lawv yog cov, feeb txaus, txawv cheapness thiab ntim (nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo kev txiav txim zoo), tab sis nws yog qeeb mus rau teb thiab nqa ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm rewrites.

suab nco

Raws li cov MLC muaj ib lub tswv yim los sau cov analog teeb liab mus rau hauv lub cell. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov kev tshwm sim tau nyob rau hauv lub txais tej daim uas koom nyob rau hauv tus me playback suab tawg tsam nyob rau hauv pheej yig khoom (khoom ua si, piv txwv li, lub suab phaib thiab yam zoo sib xws).

hauj txwv

cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv thiab nyeem ntawv dab txawv nyob rau hauv hwj chim noj. Yog li, rau cov thawj daim ntawv muaj ib tug high voltage. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thaum nyeem ntawv rau tus nqi ntawm lub zog yog heev me me.

kev pab cov ntaub ntawv

Thaum hloov yog sau xwb irreversible hloov nyob rau hauv kev teeb tsa. Yog li ntawd, tau ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm nkag rau ib tug cell no xwb. Nyob rau lub cim xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lub ntaus ntawv yuav ciaj sia pua pua txhiab tus mus (txawm tias muaj ib co neeg sawv cev ntawm ntawd thiab tsis txhob tuav mus txog 1000).

Lub multi-ntsis li ib tug guaranteed pab cuam lub neej no mas tsis tshua yog muab piv rau lwm yam hom ntawm lub koom haum. Tab sis yog vim li cas muaj lub heev ntsuas degradation? Qhov tseeb hais tias koj yuav tsis ib lub zuj zus tswj tus nqi, uas muaj ib tug floating rooj vag nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm tes. Tom qab txias thiab erasing yog ua rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm ob leeg. Zoo tswj yog nqa tawm raws li qhov nruab nrab tus nqi los yog siv cell. Thaum lub sij hawm, muaj ib tug mismatch, thiab tus nqi yuav mus dhau cov kev txwv ntawm cov permissible, ces cov ntaub ntawv yuav nyeem. Ntxiv mus, qhov teeb meem no yuav tsuas tau zuj zus.

Lwm vim li cas yog lub interdiffusion ntawm conductive thiab insulating cov cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv ib tug semiconductor qauv. Yog li tshwm sim tsis tseg fais breakdowns, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug blurring ntawm ib thaj tsam, thiab flash nco card tawm ntawm kev txiav txim.

Cov ntaub ntawv cia

Txij li thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev hnab tshos imperfect, ces maj mam tus nqi dissipation. Feem ntau ib lub sij hawm uas yuav cia ntaub ntawv - txog 10-20 xyoo. Cov ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob ruaj cuam tshuam rau cia lub sij hawm. Piv txwv li, kub, gamma tawg los yog high-zog hais tau sai rhuav tshem tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv. Leej twg yog tus siab heev tshaj plaws qauv uas yuav khav hais tias lawv muaj ib tug loj ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ntawm flash nco, muaj weaknesses. Lawv muaj tsawg txee lub neej tshaj lub twb ntev-tsim thiab kho ntaus ntawv, uas tsis yog cia li zoo-tuned.

xaus

Txawm tias cov teeb meem pom tau tias nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm, flash nco technology no zoo heev, yog li ntawd nws yog thoob plaws. Thiab nws zoo muaj ntau tshaj cover flaws. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ntawm flash nco tau los ua ib tug tseem ceeb thiab nrov nyob rau hauv tsev cov khoom siv.