PHP: txoj hlua manipulation. PHP tus hlua zog

Chaw muaj peev xwm yuav muab faib ua zoo li qub thiab dynamic. Tom qab mastering HTML thiab CSS, uas tso cai rau ua ib tug zoo nkauj ua lag ua luam daim ntawv rau ntawm qhov Internet, ntau yog xav yuav ua li cas rau tsim ib tug dynamic site nrog PHP. Nyob rau hauv no coder yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias nws yog tam sim no thaum pib los mus kawm web programming: yuav ua li cas mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov chaw yuav tsum sib txawv. Ib qho ntawm thawj cov teeb meem ces yuav tsum los ntawm ib tug beginner nyob rau hauv PHP - ua hauj lwm txoj hlua, nyeem ntawv thiab ua lawv.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv PHP hlua manipulation zog koom nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm txoj kev, yog li yuav pib lawv cov kev tshawb nqi nrog tej yam yooj yim manipulations, xws li tus ntsoos ntsoos kab, nrhiav, tau los yog hloov ib tug substring, sau npe qhov kev hloov thiab rov qab mus rau txoj kab ntev. Muaj ntau ntawm lub zog tsis ua hauj lwm zoo nrog Cyrillic cim. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov piv txwv yog sau ua lus Askiv rau clarity. Rau Cyrillic kab tib zog siv, tab sis, nrog rau cov prefix mb_ (e.g., mb_strpos ()). Ua ntej siv analogues nyob rau hauv php.ini koj yuav tsum uncomment tus kab; extension = php_mbstring.dll, tsuas yog tshem tawm cov semicolon.

Tsim thiab sau ntawv ib txoj hlua

Peb yuav soj ntsuam qhov kab tso zis rau lub screen siv cov lus paub rau tag nrho cov ncha tus tsim. Lub programmer tau ncaj qha tso zis ib txoj hlua:

ECHO "Qhov no txoj kab tshiab"

los yog thawj tsim ib tug nce mus nce los thiab ces tso saib nws:

$ Str = "Qhov no yog ib tug tshiab txoj hlua";

ECHO $ str;

Yog hais tias koj xav mus tso saib ntau cov kab nyob rau hauv ib los yog resorting mus rau lawv concatenation:

ECHO "Qhov no". "Tshiab". "Txoj hlua";

los yog

$ Str1 = "Qhov no";

$ Str2 = "tshiab";

$ Str3 = "txoj hlua";

ECHO $ str1. $ Str2. $ Str3;

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv, nws yuav tso tau saib EtoNovayaStroka. Cov kis yuav muab ntxiv ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub hu echo:

ECHO $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3;

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub screen qhia: "Qhov no txoj kab tshiab." Concatenation yog tau tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv lub tso zis, tab sis kuj yuav tsim cov kab:

$ Str1 = "Qhov no";

$ Str2 = "tshiab";

$ Str3 = "txoj hlua";

$ Hlua = $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3;

ECHO $ hlua;

Ncha qhia ob tsiaj ntawv, thiab Cyrillic. Yog hais tias ib tug ntawm lub zog muaj tus naj npawb, ces tus concatenation ntawm no tus xov tooj yuav tsum hloov dua siab tshiab mus rau cov kab:

$ I = 2;

$ Sum = $ i + $ i ; // tam sim no $ sum muaj tus xov tooj 4

ECHO $ i. "+". $ I. "=". $ Sum;

Yuav tsum tso tawm kom pom: "2 + 2 = 4".

cim tshwj xeeb

Puas xav tau cov kab yog txhais los ntawm ib tug muab ob npaug rau-quote ($ hlua = "Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas"). Ces koj yuav heev zoo siab hlo siv rau txoj kev khiav sequences:

• \ N ua ib kab tawg;
• \ R carriage rov qab;
• \ "Escapes ob hais tias:
  • ECHO "Txoj hlua \" ob \ "quotes"; // txoj hlua nrog "ob" quotes
• \ $ Shields duas;
• \\ backslash escapes.

Sequences ntau npaum li cas, tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub official PHP ntaub ntawv.

Nrhiav txoj hauj lwm ntawm thawj tshwm sim

Piv txwv peb muaj ib tug yooj yim txoj hlua:

$ Hlua = "Kuv lub npe yog Yemelyan thiab kuv 27 xyoo laus";

Peb kuj muaj ob kab ntawm cov npe:

$ Npe = "Yemelyan";

$ AnotherName = "Katherin";

Peb yuav tsum paub seb tus thawj kab ntawm cov ob lub npe. Nws yuav siv strpos muaj nuj nqi ($ str, $ nrhiav). Nws rov rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov yam substring $ search, yog hais tias tus hlua yog muaj nyob rau hauv thawj zaug, $ str. Txwv tsis pub, cov nuj nqi rov ib Boolean nqi cuav. Piv txwv li, strpos ($ hlua, $ anotherName) rov cuav, thiab cov strpos ($ hlua, $ npe) - ib tug zauv. Lub code yuav tsum xws li (sau kev xaiv, thaum lub txoj hauj lwm yog tso tawm kom pom ntawm qhov screen):

$ Hlua = "Kuv lub npe yog Yemelyan thiab kuv 27 xyoo laus";

$ Npe = "Yemelyan";

$ AnotherName = "Katherin";

echo strpos ($ hlua, $ anotherName ); // outputs cuav

echo strpos ($ hlua, $ npe ); // qhia rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov thawj tshwm sim los ntawm ib txoj hlua

Nco ntsoov tias kab numbering pib ntawm xoom, uas yog, nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv kab kawg qhia txog cov 11 (tej qhov chaw kuj xam tau tias yog).

Nrhiav txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub xeem tshwm sim ntawm ib tug substring thiab tej kev cov nyom

Yog hais tias lub strpos () muaj nuj nqi rov rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov thawj tshwm sim, ces nws rov qab strrpos () tshawb rau lub xeem tshwm sim ntawm ib tug substring.

Muaj ib co kev cov nyom txuam nrog rau thaum pib ntawm lub numbering. Nws yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account: Nyob rau hauv PHP hlua manipulation yuav nyuab los ntawm kev txwv nyob rau hauv kev sib piv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua tsis siv cov kev sib piv lag luam nrog ib tug negation: strpos ($ str, $ nrhiav) = cuav !. Nyob rau hauv txhua version ntawm PHP nrog cov piv txwv ntawm xws equivalence tej zaum yuav tsis ua hauj lwm zoo, vim hais tias cov kab numbering pib thaum pes tsawg, thiab 0 cov zajlus kom txhais lus yog cuav. Qhov no ncua mus rau strrpos () muaj nuj nqi.

Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav tau tus xov tooj ntawm substring occurrences

Feem ntau koj yuav tau mus nrhiav tsis yog thawj zaug dhau los tshwm sim ntawm ib tug substring nyob rau hauv txoj hlua, thiab tag nrho cov xov tooj. Rau lub hom phiaj no substr_count () muaj nuj nqi, uas tuam haujlwm txais tsawg kawg yog ob ntau yam: substr_count ($ str, $ nrhiav). Nws rov ib tug zauv. Yog hais tias koj xav tau kom txo tau lub Scope ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov kab, cov nuj nqi dhau ob ntau ntau yam: cov pib thiab thaum xaus ntawm txoj kab, ntsig txog. Qhov ntawd yog qhov muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog hu ua raws li: substr_count ($ str, $ search, $ pib, $ xaus). Cov nuj nqi yuav zoo rau substring $ nrhiav nyob rau hauv lub luv ntawm $ pib $ kawg ntawm tus thawj hlua $ str. Yog hais tias cov hlua yog tsis pom, cov kev ua rov zero.

Yuav ua li cas hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab nyob rau hauv lub PHP: piv txwv

Hloov cov ntaub ntawv yog feem ntau siv los sib piv cov hlua thiab conditionals. Wb hais rau tus neeg siv yuav tsum nkag mus rau lub npe ntawm lub zoo tshaj plaws vajtswv nyob rau hauv Norse mythology. Qhov kev pab cuam yog ib tug version ntawm "Ib", uas nws yuav muab piv rau cov neeg siv cov lus teb. Yog hais tias lub nkag mus hauv ntawv nyeem yuav sib txawv los ntawm uas twb muaj lawm (piv txwv li, ib tug neeg sau ib "ib tug" los yog "ib tug"), qhov kev pab cuam yuav rov qab cuav es tsis txhob ntawm yeej muaj tseeb. Kom tsis txhob no, siv cov nuj nqi register hloov. Qhov no yog feem ntau siv yog hais tias tus site yog nyob rau hauv PHP tags: Es tsis txhob pua pua ntawm cov variants ntawm lo lus "private" (.. "Private," "private", "tus kheej" thiab thiaj li nyob) muaj no tsuas muaj ib lossis nyob rau hauv lowercase.

strtolower () muaj nuj nqi hloov lub sab register. Piv txwv muaj yog ib tug kab $ catName = "Ntxuav". strtolower muaj nuj nqi ($ catName) rov qaab moog txoj hlua "ntxuav". Hloov mus sab sauv cov ntaub ntawv tej zaum yuav ntawm strtoupper () muaj nuj nqi.

Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav tau qhov ntev ntawm ib txoj hlua nyob rau hauv PHP: Ua hauj lwm nrog zog

Feem ntau nws yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav qhov ntev ntawm txoj hlua. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv PHP ua hauj lwm nrog cov hlua ntawm no zoo tej zaum yuav tau nyob rau hauv cov creation lub voj voog. Rau cov kev tshawb fawb txoj hlua siv strlen () muaj nuj nqi, uas rov ib tug xov tooj - tus xov tooj ntawm cov cim. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias lub xeem cim yuav muaj ib tug xov tooj strlen ($ str) -1, raws li cov numbering pib nrog pes tsawg.

Muab thiab hloov substring nyob rau hauv PHP: Ua hauj lwm nrog cov hlua

Mus substring substr muaj nuj nqi yog nqa tawm () uas yuav siv sij hawm ob los yog peb nqe lus: substr ($ str, $ pib, $ xaus). Wb hais tias peb muaj ib txoj hlua $ hlua = "Ntxuav miv", thiab peb xav kom tau ib tug substring los ntawm tus thib ob rau cov plaub cim. Txij li thaum numbering pib ntawm xoom, qhov no substring ntawm lub nce mus nce los yuav zoo li no: $ newString = substr ($ txoj hlua, 1, 4). Yog hais tias peb ua kom paub cov $ newString = substr ($ txoj hlua, 1), peb tau txais ib tug substring los ntawm tus thib ob kom kawg cim (ie "Luffy"). Cov cai no yog zoo tib yam rau tag nrho cov code hlua siv strlen (): substr ($ txoj hlua, 1, strlen ($ hlua)).

Los hloov qhov substring yog siv str_replace () nuj nqi uas yuav siv sij hawm peb ntau yam: str_replace ($ subStr, $ newSub, $ str). Tsis zoo li ntau zog, str_replace () hauj lwm yog nrog Cyrillic cim thiab twb tsis muaj analog prefixed. Piv txwv li:

$ Str = "Niaj hnub no cov huab cua yog phem phem!";

$ NewStr = str_replace ( "txaus ntshai", "zoo kawg nkaus", $ str); // Niaj hnub no tus zoo huab cua!

Neeg txhais lus hlua rau ib tug xov tooj

Leej twg uas tau kawm web programming, ntxov los yog tom qab tau hloov txoj hlua rau ib tug xov tooj. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ob zoo xws li cov zog yog siv: intval () thiab floatval (), txhua tus uas tau txais ib tug kuj tsis paub meej $ hlua. Los ntawm txhua tus lwm yam, lawv txawv los ntawm lub hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa rov qab: intval () rov qaab moog ib integer, thiab floatval () - floating taw tes nab npawb.

Rau siv raws li ib tug intval (), thiab floatval () yuav tsum tau hais tias cov hlua pib nrog ib tug xov tooj, thiab lawv yuav tsum hloov dua siab tshiab rau ib tug xov tooj. Yog hais tias cov xov tooj yuav mus tej txheej ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, lawv cia li las mees nws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog hais tias tus kab pib nrog cov tsiaj ntawv, cov kev siv ntawm cov nuj nqi yuav rov qab pes tsawg. Qhov tseeb tiag mas, cov kab yuav tsum muaj xwb xaus-npawb tsab.

Neeg txhais lus ntawm ib txoj hlua

Feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov tus xov tooj mus rau hauv ib txoj hlua. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tau ib nrab ntawm nws thiab mus txhim tsa ib tug square (piv txwv li, xyuas seb lub equation yog txaus siab: 88 x 88 + 33 x 33 = 8833). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nuj nqi strval (), uas rov ib txoj hlua tooj. Tom qab no ib txoj kab tshiab, koj yuav ua tau tag nrho lwm yam kev ua: kho kom raug, nrhiav ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub substring, thiab lwm yam kev khiav dej num. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, lub kab yuav rov hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm twb tau piav saum toj no.

Cov tsab xov xwm twb xam tau tias tsuas yog ib lub me me ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov kev khiav dej num txuam nrog cov kab. Ib feem ntawm tsis muaj ntaub ntawv tso cai ua hauj lwm nrog cov cim, tiam sis feem ntau twb tsis tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas vim yog lub tseem. Yuav kom paub nrog cov kev khiav dej num yog tsim nyog los npaj mus rau nyeem cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv PHP, uas qhia txog tam sim no cov ntaub ntawv.