Pushkin: "Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument tsis muaj tes." Keeb kwm ntawm lub creation, tsom xam ntawm artistic originality

Creativity A. S. Pushkina nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej yog tsis tshua muaj neeg: tseeb thiab keeb kwm tseeb, kwv huam rau ntau yam kev kawm. Ntawm nws cov tseeb tej hauj lwm muaj xws li cov paj huam "Kuv yog ib tug monument tsa tsis muaj tes."

Tom qab "Monument" thiab lub xaav ntawm contemporaries

Ntsis ambiguous theories txog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub sau ntawv ntawm cov paj huam "Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument."

Pushkin sau nws nyob rau hauv teb mus rau lub paj huam "Ob tug ntawm Alexander", sau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws cov phooj ywg lyceum Delwig. Qhov no backstory creation hu ua txawj historian, Pushkin kawm Vladislav Felitsianovich Hodasevich.

Lwm yam kev sau ntawv-Pushkinists paim ob peb theories uas lub hauv paus pib ntawm kev sau ntawv cov paj huam "Kuv yog ib tug monument tsa tsis muaj tes."

Pushkin xyaum pre-uas twb muaj lawm kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm: Derzhavin, A. Vostokova, Lomonosov, Kapnist.

Qhov thib ob lub hom phiaj hnub rov qab mus rau ancient Rome thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov hauj lwm Horace, Odes sau Exegi monumentum.

Cov paj huam twb ntaus nqi los ntawm lub contemporaries thiab xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv tsis meej xwm.

Kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub imminent paub txog nws ua hauj lwm, lub ras txog ntawm cov tuaj ntawm kev hlub thiab kev txaus sab ntawm cov me nyuam - lub ntsiab lus uas tau kev pab nyob rau hauv cov paj huam, tau ntaus nqi los ntawm contemporaries ntawm lub kws sau paj lug no. Txij li thaum lub self-glorification ntawm tus kheej tej kev sau ntawv txuj ci twb tsis muaj nyob rau hauv siab esteem. Namely hais tias, nyob rau hauv lawv lub tswv yim, thiab twb koom nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Pushkin.

"Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument tsis muaj tes" kiv cua ntawm tus sau twb tau ntaus nqi raws li ib tug anthem ntawm cov paj huam thiab kev cia siab rau lub triumph ntawm sab ntsuj plig tshaj lub corporal.

"Monument" thiab txoj hmoo ntawm cov kws sau paj lug

Cua ntsawj ntshab ad raug pom nyob rau hauv cov pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj lug. Vasily Zhukovsky pab paj huam tshwm nyob rau hauv lub posthumous sau los ntawm lub playwright tej hauj lwm (1841).

Pushkin sau, "Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument tsis muaj tes" cia li tsib lub hlis ua ntej lub fateful duel, uas ua qhov ua rau ntawm nws txoj kev tuag: cov paj huam yog sau hnub tim yim hli ntuj 21, 1836 Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog tuag twv ua ntej ntawm cov tab tom yuav tuag.

Nyob rau xyoo tshiab pob Alexander tus kheej nyeem nws "Monument".

Pushkin lub paj huam, rau conceptualize txoj hmoo ntawm lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv lub plaub ntawm tib neeg keeb kwm, wrote nyob rau hauv mob loj heev rau nws tus kheej lub xyoo: cov critics nyob rau hauv tej caj npab tawm tsam nws, tsarist censorship lyutovali thiab txwv tsis pub luam feem ntau ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm, secular haiv neeg tham txog cov taug xaiv txog nws thiab nws tus poj niam, thiab tsev neeg lub neej yog ntes. Tej zaum nws yog ib qhov cua pab cov sib sib zog nqus lub tswv yim, yuav objectively ntsuam xyuas tus kheej muaj tswv yim pab rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub playwright.

Self-irony thiab epigram?

Cov neeg nyob ze rau Aleksandru Sergeevichu, tus saib yog hais tias cov khoom no yog lawm ua tus sau nrog sau ntawv ntawm nws tus kheej-irony. Lawv hu ua cov "Monument" epigram, tus kwv uas yog Pushkin nws tus kheej.

Pom ntawm no ziag no yog lub homphiaj ntawm cov paj huam: hais mus rau lub kws sau paj lug, uas nws ua hauj lwm tsis muaj kev hwm rau ntawm cov tribesmen, txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum tau ua rau lawv qhuas.

Memoirist Peter Vyazemsky adhered mus rau lub "irony" ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm cov paj huam "Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument." Pushkin thiab Vyazemsky cov phooj ywg, yog li phau ntawv sau critic hais rau ib tug misreading ntawm cov khoom kiv cua. Nws hais tias nws tsis yog ib rooj plaub ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev sau ntawv cuab yeej cuab tam, thiab nyob rau lub Vocabulary ntawm cov haiv neeg rau nws tus kheej. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub contemporaries, uas spun nyob rau hauv lub voj voog kws sau paj lug frankly tsis nyiam nws li ib tug neeg. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm peb paub zoo kawg thiab muaj tswv yim tej zaum ntawm lub Pushkin.

"Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument tsis muaj tes" thiab muaj ib tug "mystical" sab.

presentiment ntawm txoj kev tuag

Ntawm UFW ntawm cov "mystical" version ntawm lub tswv yim hais tias cov paj huam yog ib tug twv ua ntej ntawm cov tab tom yuav tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, uas nws paub nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Pib los ntawm hais tias txoj hauj lwm thiab tsis tau version Viazemsky ntawm irony tej hauj lwm, peb yuav hais tias lub "Monument" yog rau sab ntsuj plig ua tim khawv ntawm Pushkin.

Lub zeem muag tau cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog tus kws sau paj lug lub neej, tab sis kuj nws ua hauj lwm. Novelist thiab playwright paub hais tias yav tom ntej tiam yuav tsis tau tsuas qhuas thiab hwm nws, tab sis yuav tsum pom tau hais tias tsim nyog ntawm imitation.

Muaj kuj yog ib tug kev lig kev cai hais tias ntev ua ntej cov tragic sij hawm ntawm lawv cov kev ntawm lub neej Alexander paub nyob rau hauv dab tsi hnub thiab nyob li cas lub sij hawm ntawm ib hnub nws yog tos rau txoj kev tuag. Nws hais tias txoj kev tuag nyob rau lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov eminent daj nws kwv yees muaj hmoov zoo-teller.

Presentiment ntawm cov tab tom yuav tuag thiab xav sum txog nws lub neej, Pushkin hais rau hauv lub feem ntau mus siv cuag qhov chaw rau lawv tus kheej - cwj mem - thiab sau "Monument".

Pushkin. Cov paj huam "Kuv yog ib tug monument tsa tsis muaj tes." Ib tug nyuag tsom xam

Lyrical hero yuav hu Alexander Sergeyevich. Zaj dabneeg no txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg sau, suav hais tias nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm tib neeg keeb kwm, thiab lub tom ntej pab cov ntaub ntawv uas.

Cov kws sau paj lug yog muab ib tug thought txog dab tsi qhov chaw yog muab rau nws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, zoo li cas ntawm kev sib raug zoo nws tsim nrog lub zej zog thiab kev txawj nyeem ntawv. Nws vam hais tias lub neej nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm muaj tswv yim kev tshawb fawb thiab impulses, yog tsis nyob rau hauv vain thiab yuav tau txais txiaj ntsim lawm yav tom ntej tiam. Nws vam hais tias tom qab txoj kev tuag ntawm nws yuav nco ntsoov, "Tsis muaj, txhua yam kuv yuav tsis tuag."

Tsis tas li ntawd tsa qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov paj huam lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam, poetic koob meej thiab poetic cuab yeej cuab tam. Pushkin sau hais tias cov kws sau paj lug yuav kov yeej txoj kev tuag los ntawm cov tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam thiab lub Vocabulary ntawm xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Txhua txoj kab ntawm lub "monument" yog riddled uas muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov kws sau paj lug lub paj huam yog dawb thiab benevolent: "Kuv qhuas txoj kev ywj pheej thiab txoj kev hlub tshua rau tus poob."

Ib tug paj huam nrog ib tug epigraph Exegi monumentum (nyob rau hauv txoj kab. "Kuv tau tsa ib lub monument"), nyob rau hauv ib tes, yog tag nrho kev kaj lug thiab zoo siab xim, personifying nyob mus ib txhis lub neej ntawm cov kos duab, tab sis nyob rau lwm cov tes, nws yog ib tug me ntsis tu siab heev thiab tu siab, vim hais tias qhov no yog qhov os dej dawb zaj nkauj ntawm cov kws sau paj lug, qhaub cov uas muaj tswv yim ua si, uas yog Pushkin nws tus kheej.

"Kuv tau tsa ib tug monument tsis muaj tes." artistic txhais

Ib tug paj huam los ntawm cov atherosclerosis ntawm lub suab yuav hu ua ib tug qeeb, qhov no yog qhov pace qeeb muab nws ib tug stately atherosclerosis. Cov nyhuv no yog tiav vim rau qhov loj ntawm ib tug ib nqe (iambic pentameter nrog), tus ntoo khaub lig suab xaus sib dhos zoo meej rau quatrains (quatrains), alternating hais txog poj niam thiab txiv neej sib dhos.

Heev heev artistic xov xwm kuj pab tsim ib qho enabling cua nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Cov lawv yuav tsum hais li no: anaphora (edinonachatie kab), inversion (rov qab kev txiav txim ntawm lus), lub series ntawm zoo xws li cov tswv cuab.

Lub majestic laus ntawm tej hauj lwm tiav los ntawm epithets: "lub monument tsis muaj tes," metaphors "soul kuv tshauv yuav ciaj sia thiab lwj mus dhia deb" avatars "muse ... qhuas thiab hais lus phem tau tsis muaj ab tsi thiab tsis dispute cov neeg ruam" metonymy "cov lus xaiv hais txog kuv yuav muab qhov chaw thoob Russia zoo kawg thiab. " Los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm lub lexical xws li nquag siv Slavonicisms (ntev npaum li cas, O kws sau paj lug, lub taub hau, tsa).

Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov kos duab, lexical richness ntawm cov paj huam, nws yog ib zajlus kom xaus hais tias, raws li kwv yees, thiab Alexander, nws tsim nws tej hauj lwm rau xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv "monument tsis muaj tes." Pushkin nyob, nyob thiab yuav nyob mus txog sau tej hauj lwm.