Arts thiab lom ze, Ntaub ntawv
References: kev cai thiab cov kev cai, piv txwv. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub bibliographic ua tim khawv? References - qhov no ...
Tej kev tshawb fawb yog ib txwm raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los tau ntawm science. Thiab no yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv tus neeg sau txoj phau ntawv raws li ib tug kev piav qhia thiab ib tug ncaj qha citation. Thiab hais tias yuav tsum tau ib tug zoo-tsim, yog li ntawd, tsim nyog mus tsim lub bibliographic siv ntawm lub sij laij cov xa rau ntawv tej hauj lwm.
citation
Siv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub quote - verbatim excerpt los ntawm ib tug neeg lwm tus cov khoom los yog ib tug neeg cov lus. Culture Koj sau ntawv nyeem yog pom nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov citation yog yeej ib txwm nrog bibliographic ua tim khawv.
Nyob rau hauv lub uas twb muaj lawm system ntawm scientific sau ntawv qauv no qhia txog dab tsi ib tug bibliographic siv, cov kev cai thiab cov kev cai kuj muab.
Siv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub quote yog coj nyob rau hauv hais tias thiab kom paub tseeb tias nws muab khaws cia tseg rau hauv lub grammatical daim ntawv ntawm cov lo lus thiab cov nqe lus raws li lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw.
Yog hais tias hais fragment yog loj heev nyob rau hauv loj, koj muaj peev xwm txiav lub insignificant ib feem, nyob rau qhov chaw uas koj yuav tau muab lub tsuas me me.
Piv txwv li: Ib tug naas ej American duab-txiag Lillian Brown sau hais tias "ib tug yuav tsum tsis dhia mus rau lub tom ntej no lo lus nug kom txog thaum koj sab sab tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no ... Cov tswv yim yuav tsum txawj ua raws li ib leeg."
Thaum quote
latent quote yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Nws yog kis tau nyob rau hauv lawv cov lus, tab sis nco ntsoov yuav qhia tau rau qhov chaw. Ces siv lub link "saib.".
Piv txwv li: Yog hais tias ib tug neeg them nqi se ua txhaum lub RF Tax Code rau kev mloog lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub bank account rau cov nyiaj ua se txoj cai, thiab thiab qhov no yog tsis ua raws li los ntawm cov nyiaj ua se evasion, raws li Art. 118 ntawm lub Tax Code los ntawm nws yuav them zoo ntawm tsib txhiab rubles. (Rau cov ntsiab lus saib. Cov nyiaj ua se tau kev ua txhaum cai thiab lub luag hauj lwm rau cov ua [rau hauv kev pab] // pab tswv yim: siv thiab kev cai lij choj / ZAO "kws pab tswv yim Plus", Moscow, 1992-2016.)
Quote yuav sau nrog ib lub (siab) thiab nrog kab rov tav (me me) cov tsiaj ntawv.
Nrog ib tug capital tsab ntawv, yog hais tias tus tag nrho kab lus | Umberto Eco sau: "Tag nrho cov legends muaj ib tug keeb kwm hauv paus." |
Lowercase - quote nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus neeg sau txoj tswv yim (txawm yog hais tias tus twg los yog sau ntawv nrog ib tug capital tsab ntawv) | Tham txog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub legends Umberto Eco sau hais tias "tag nrho cov legends muaj ib tug keeb kwm hauv paus." |
Tag nrho cov lus yuav tsum yog bibliographical ua tim khawv, nws yog ib qho immutable txoj cai. Kev siv ntawm lwm lub tswv yim tsis tau muab qhov uas copyright txoj cai - ib tug dua-off.
sau npe
Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau bibliographic ua tim khawv, txhais los ntawm lub txheej txheem 2008. Lawv yuav tsum tau ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov kev kawm ntawm qhov cov kev mus yuav ua tau tej luam tawm thiab unpublished ntawv nyob rau hauv tej xov xwm: daim ntawv, hluav taws xob (lub zos thiab tej thaj chaw deb).
hom ntawm kev mus
Tus txheem considers daim ntawv teev cov bibliographical ua tim khawv:
Muaj pes tsawg leeg piav hais | tag nrho ua tim khawv, yog qhia tag nrho cov ntsiab ntawm qhov kev piav qhia; nyuag siv yog hu ua xwb lub ntsiab ntsiab; |
lawv qhov chaw nyob | Inline (muab tso rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm daim ntawv); Subscript (tso cia rau ib daim ntawv nyob rau hauv lub footnote); endnotes (cob cov ntawv nyeem ntawm daim ntawv); |
Number ntawm kev siv | thawj siv, yog hais tias tus kwv yog piav rau cov thawj lub sij hawm; Xa dua yog hais tias rov piav qhia ntawm daim ntawv; |
Number of kawm mus | ib qhia ib yam khoom; Integrated qhia ntau cov ntaub ntawv. |
Txhua bibliographic siv, cov kev cai thiab cov kev cai raws li, muaj tseeb nrog qhov xub ntiag ntawm ib qhov chaw citation. Quote yuav npaum li cas tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov thawj qhov chaw. Ces cov kev cai rau bibliographic ua tim khawv yuav tsum tau sau ntawv sau ntawv ". Hais los ntawm: (" raug nplua los ntawm ") los yog" Tsav rau, "thiab nws hu ua rau ntawm cov qiv lub hwj chim."
Piv txwv li:
Op. los ntawm: lub npe, xeem L., D. kev ua si rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub xav / L. Npe, Npe menyuam yaus DI. M., 2014. S. 168.
Muab los ntawm: Npe menyuam yaus, IB Media npaj /A.N. Npe menyuam yaus. - M., 2010. P. 55.
, Tus neeg sau ntawm lub bibliographic siv, nws tso cai rau koj mus qhia tus nyeem ntawv txoj kev mus rau cov kev kho mob ntawm qiv qhov twg los.
Piv txwv ntawm intra bibliographic ua tim khawv
Lawv yuav muab nyob rau hauv tom qab lub hais kab lus. Yuav ua li cas Kuv yuav npaj bibliographic ua tim khawv? Piv txwv ntawm kos qhia nyob rau hauv lub rooj.
thawj, tag nrho | (Npe menyuam yaus, ML Polymer puas cov ntaub ntawv. Qauv. Properties. Technology. SPb., 2010.) |
dua, luv luv | (Npe menyuam yaus, ML Polymer puas cov ntaub ntawv. Qauv. Properties. Technology. P.34) |
thawj, tag nrho | (Lub Npe, Ib hom ntawv nyeem AA periodicals. M.: Nam-xovxwm, 2000. 300 pp.) |
dua, luv luv | (Npe menyuam yaus, AA periodicals Lwm yam. C.12 |
Piv txwv ntawm bibliographic ua tim khawv descenders
Lawv yuav tsum tau dai kom zoo nkauj thiab siab tshab.
thawj, tag nrho | 1 Npe menyuam yaus, IB Media Planning: Textbook / A. N. Nazaykin. - M.: Eksmo, 2010. - P. 55. |
Dua, luv luv | 1 Npe menyuam yaus, IB Media npaj. M., 2010. P. 55. |
Thawj, ua kom tiav | 17 Raws li txoj cai Collegiate phau ntawv txhais lus. M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1987. 500c. |
Dua, luv luv | 17 Raws li txoj cai Collegiate phau ntawv txhais lus. C.11. |
Piv txwv ntawm bibliographic ua tim khawv endnotes
Lawv yog muab suav consecutively thoob plaws hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Cov siv tus xov tooj yog muab nyob rau hauv pab pawg.
Cov ntawv nyeem | VV Horoshiltsev [13] E. V. Volkov thiab [27] qhia yuav ua li cas ... |
Lub endnotes txuas | 13. Lub Xeem, Lub V. Lej nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv. / VV. Npe menyuam yaus. M.: Siab School, 2001. 200 p. 27. Lub Xeem, Lub VE zauv terminology. /V.E. Npe menyuam yaus. M.: Paub, 2001. 125 p. |
Yog hais tias tus neeg sau hais txog ib tug kev feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ua kom tawm ib qhov txuas zoo li no:
Cov ntawv nyeem | Twv yuav raug hu NA Chumikov [20, p. 29] taw tes qhia tawm: "...........". |
Lub endnotes txuas | Npe menyuam yaus, NA Public Relations. /N.A. Npe menyuam yaus M.: Delo, 2014. 536s. |
hluav taws xob mus
Hauv bibliographic ua tim khawv - ib tug siv rau yuav ua li cas sib txawv rau tag nrho cov hluav taws xob kev pab, thiab cov qhov chaw uas lawv muaj xws li. Piv txwv li, ib tug website los yog ib tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm nws seem.
Ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tseeb hais tias qhov link hais txog ib tug hluav taws xob material, xaiv kab lus [electronic pab]. Hu mus rau tus sau, npe, qhov chaw thiab lub xyoo ntawm cov ntawv qhia, nyob rau hauv lub nram qab no yuav tsum sau cov kab lus: "Access" (koj muaj peev xwm es tsis txhob sau tej lus txais yuav los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv «URL», raws li los ntawm ib tug sau e-mail qhia cov raws tu qauv (http, etc.).
Yuav kom paub meej tias lub hav zoov ntawm cov hais tias e-mail chaw nyob, ces koj yuav tsum sau ntawv nyob rau hauv pab pawg cov kab lus "kev kho mob Hnub" thiab ib tug nyuv ua raws li los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hnub, lub hli thiab lub xyoo thaum lub sau citation hais txog qhov Internet muaj kev pab, piv txwv li:
1. Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws State Statistics Service [electronic pab] - Access hom: http: // e-mail / (reference hnub 05/05/14).
2. Lub npe, rhuav tshem cov ntaub Yuav ua li cas mus ntsuam xyuas cov nyiaj txiag tej yam uas HR-branding [electronic pab] /I.O. Npe menyuam yaus - hom ntawm kev nkag tau: http: // e-mail chaw nyob (kev nkag hnub: 12.19.2015).
Thaum koj ua hauj lwm nrog lub system "kws pab tswv yim" los yog "guarantee" e-mail yog tsis sau, tab sis muab bibliographic piav qhia ntawm lub cev, piv txwv li:
Lub npe Khoom Lub npe Khoom Lub npe [Electronic kev pab] // pab tswv yim: Raws li txoj cai Reference System / JSC "kws pab tswv yim Plus". - M., 1992-2014 (reference hnub: 20.12.2014).
Cov kev cai rau kev sau ntawv bibliographic ua tim khawv yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib yam tas mus li numbering:
- yog rau tag nrho cov ntawv nyeem;
- los yog nyob rau hauv txhua tshooj, seem;
- yog nyob rau hauv tib daim ntawv.
Yog li, siv cov lus yuav tsum tau nrog kom tua bibliographical ua tim khawv - yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev nyeem ntawv sau phau ntawv los tsim cov ntawv nyeem.
Similar articles
Trending Now